Pediatric Primary Care Test Bank (Burns) | Verified NCLEX/HESI-Style Questions with Correct Answers & Rationales

Burns' Pediatric Primary Care 8th Edition Test Bank | 20
MCQs per Chapter
Pediatric Primary Care Test Bank & NCLEX-HESI
Review | Burns' 8th Edition
Reference: Ch. 1, Section: Pediatric Primary Care
Question Stem: A 14-month-old presents for a well-child visit.
The parent asks which visit components are most essential to
support health promotion. As a PNP, which action best reflects
pediatric primary care’s health-promotion role?
A. Focus solely on immunizations and return for developmental
concerns later.
B. Screen developmental milestones, provide anticipatory
guidance, and administer age-appropriate immunizations.
C. Provide a written pamphlet and defer counseling to
community services.
D. Document growth parameters and advise waiting until the 2-
year visit for counseling.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale (correct): Pediatric primary care integrates preventive
services — developmental screening, anticipatory guidance,
and immunizations — at well-child visits to promote health.
Rationale (A): Incorrect — limiting the visit to immunizations
neglects development and anticipatory guidance, core primary
care functions.
Rationale (C): Incorrect — written materials are helpful but do

,not replace clinician-delivered screening and counseling.
Rationale (D): Incorrect — delaying counseling misses
opportunities for early intervention and prevention.
Teaching Point: Well visits combine screening, counseling, and
immunizations for prevention and promotion.
Citation: Burns et al., 2025, Ch. 1, Section: Pediatric Primary
Care


2
Reference: Ch. 1, Section: Primary Care Versus Primary
Prevention
Question Stem: A PNP is designing a clinic protocol to reduce
adolescent tobacco initiation. Which intervention best
exemplifies primary prevention?
A. Referring teens who smoke to a cessation program.
B. Screening all adolescents for tobacco use at visits.
C. Implementing school-based education about harms of
tobacco for all students.
D. Prescribing nicotine replacement therapy to a daily smoker.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale (correct): Primary prevention aims to prevent
exposure or onset (e.g., universal education to prevent
initiation).
Rationale (A): Incorrect — referral addresses existing tobacco
use (secondary/tertiary prevention).

,Rationale (B): Incorrect — screening identifies existing use
(secondary prevention).
Rationale (D): Incorrect — treatment for established use is
tertiary/secondary intervention.
Teaching Point: Primary prevention stops problems before they
start (universal interventions).
Citation: Burns et al., 2025, Ch. 1, Section: Primary Care Versus
Primary Prevention


3
Reference: Ch. 1, Section: Pediatric Primary Care Providers
Question Stem: A family with a medically complex child asks
why they should see a pediatric primary care provider instead
of only specialists. Which explanation best reflects the PNP’s
role?
A. Primary care providers only provide vaccinations and well
visits.
B. Primary care coordinates comprehensive care, manages
chronic needs, and integrates preventive services across
specialties.
C. Specialists are better suited to manage all aspects of the
child’s daily care.
D. Primary care providers refer all complex decisions to
pediatric subspecialists.
Correct Answer: B

, Rationale (correct): Pediatric primary care provides continuity,
coordinates specialists, manages chronic conditions, and offers
preventive care.
Rationale (A): Incorrect — primary care does more than
vaccinations and well visits.
Rationale (C): Incorrect — specialists focus on organ/system-
specific issues; primary care integrates overall health.
Rationale (D): Incorrect — PNPs actively manage many aspects
and only escalate when appropriate.
Teaching Point: Primary care coordinates and integrates care
across specialties.
Citation: Burns et al., 2025, Ch. 1, Section: Pediatric Primary
Care Providers


4
Reference: Ch. 1, Section: Unique Issues in Pediatrics
Question Stem: During a newborn visit, a PNP is counseling
parents about medication safety at home. Which instruction is
most specific to pediatric safety needs?
A. Store all medications at adult eye level.
B. Use child-resistant containers and keep medications locked
and out of sight.
C. Reduce doses of all over-the-counter meds by half for infants.
D. Keep medications in an unlocked drawer for quick access
during emergencies.