PHARMACOLOGY CHAPTER 1-5 LPN
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
Pharmacolgy - ANSWER-Study of drugs and their actions on living organisms
Generic drug name - ANSWER-Not capitalized
Nonproprietary
Official
Trade - ANSWER-Brand name
Capitalized
Chemical name - ANSWER-Gives exact chemical makeup
Not capitalized
FDA - ANSWER-Assigns generic name
Approves drug assigns category
1970 controlled substances act - ANSWER-Act regulates drugs with high abuse
potential.
Nonprescription drugs - ANSWER-OTC
Take as directed
Drug development phases - ANSWER-Pre-FDA=test tube & live animals
Phase 1- healthy individuals
Phase 2-people who have the illness
Phase 3-more info dosing &safety
Phase 4-on market with surveillance
Providers encouraged to report (IMSP) (MERP)
Pharmaceutic phase - ANSWER-Solid tab or cap dissolves
Disintegrates into small particles GI tract
Coated in small intestines.
Pharmacokinetics - ANSWER-Absorption distribution metabolism excretion
Absorption - ANSWER-Moving the drug from the site of administration into the bodily
fluids and is the process by which the drug is made available for the use in body. The
drug particles in the G.I. tract are moved into the body
First pass effect - ANSWER-The amount the liver metabolizes before releasing the drug
into the body
, Distribution - ANSWER-systematic circulation transports and distributes drugs to
various body tissues or target sites .Drug Binds to protein and travels through the body
Metabolism - ANSWER-Also known as biotransformation is the process by which the
body changes a drug to a more or less active form that can be excreted.
Where are drugs metabolized - ANSWER-Most drugs are metabolized by the liver
although the kidneys lungs plasma and intestinal mucosas also aid in the metabolism of
drugs.
Metabolites - ANSWER-And in active form of the original drug
Excretion - ANSWER-The elimination of drugs from the body. After the liver renders
drugs in active the kidneys excrete the in active compounds from the body. other drugs
are eliminated three sweat breastmilk or breath or by the G.I. tract through feces
Half-life - ANSWER-Time required for the body to eliminate 50% of the drug
Onset, peak and duration - ANSWER-Onset- the time between administration of the
drug and the onset of it's therapeutic effect
Peak concentration-when absorption rate equals the elimination right not always the
time of peak response
Duration-links of time the drug produces a therapeutic effect
Pharmacodynamics phase pharmacodynamic deals with the drugs action and effect in
the body most drugs have an affinity for certain organs or tissues and exert their
greatest action at the cellular level on those specific areas which are called target sites.
- ANSWER-...
Receptor interaction - ANSWER-The function of the cell is altered when a drug interacts
with a receptor. On cell surface
Agonist - ANSWER-Drug that combines with a receptor and stimulates the receptor to
produce a therapeutic response
Antagonist - ANSWER-Drug that joins with the receptor but does not stimulate the
receptors the therapeutic action in this case consists of blocking the receptors function
teratogen - ANSWER-Any substance that causes abnormal development of the fetus
Adverse reaction or side effects - ANSWER-Mild common and non toxic reactions are
side effects
Adverse reactions are used to describe more severe and life-threatening reactions
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
Pharmacolgy - ANSWER-Study of drugs and their actions on living organisms
Generic drug name - ANSWER-Not capitalized
Nonproprietary
Official
Trade - ANSWER-Brand name
Capitalized
Chemical name - ANSWER-Gives exact chemical makeup
Not capitalized
FDA - ANSWER-Assigns generic name
Approves drug assigns category
1970 controlled substances act - ANSWER-Act regulates drugs with high abuse
potential.
Nonprescription drugs - ANSWER-OTC
Take as directed
Drug development phases - ANSWER-Pre-FDA=test tube & live animals
Phase 1- healthy individuals
Phase 2-people who have the illness
Phase 3-more info dosing &safety
Phase 4-on market with surveillance
Providers encouraged to report (IMSP) (MERP)
Pharmaceutic phase - ANSWER-Solid tab or cap dissolves
Disintegrates into small particles GI tract
Coated in small intestines.
Pharmacokinetics - ANSWER-Absorption distribution metabolism excretion
Absorption - ANSWER-Moving the drug from the site of administration into the bodily
fluids and is the process by which the drug is made available for the use in body. The
drug particles in the G.I. tract are moved into the body
First pass effect - ANSWER-The amount the liver metabolizes before releasing the drug
into the body
, Distribution - ANSWER-systematic circulation transports and distributes drugs to
various body tissues or target sites .Drug Binds to protein and travels through the body
Metabolism - ANSWER-Also known as biotransformation is the process by which the
body changes a drug to a more or less active form that can be excreted.
Where are drugs metabolized - ANSWER-Most drugs are metabolized by the liver
although the kidneys lungs plasma and intestinal mucosas also aid in the metabolism of
drugs.
Metabolites - ANSWER-And in active form of the original drug
Excretion - ANSWER-The elimination of drugs from the body. After the liver renders
drugs in active the kidneys excrete the in active compounds from the body. other drugs
are eliminated three sweat breastmilk or breath or by the G.I. tract through feces
Half-life - ANSWER-Time required for the body to eliminate 50% of the drug
Onset, peak and duration - ANSWER-Onset- the time between administration of the
drug and the onset of it's therapeutic effect
Peak concentration-when absorption rate equals the elimination right not always the
time of peak response
Duration-links of time the drug produces a therapeutic effect
Pharmacodynamics phase pharmacodynamic deals with the drugs action and effect in
the body most drugs have an affinity for certain organs or tissues and exert their
greatest action at the cellular level on those specific areas which are called target sites.
- ANSWER-...
Receptor interaction - ANSWER-The function of the cell is altered when a drug interacts
with a receptor. On cell surface
Agonist - ANSWER-Drug that combines with a receptor and stimulates the receptor to
produce a therapeutic response
Antagonist - ANSWER-Drug that joins with the receptor but does not stimulate the
receptors the therapeutic action in this case consists of blocking the receptors function
teratogen - ANSWER-Any substance that causes abnormal development of the fetus
Adverse reaction or side effects - ANSWER-Mild common and non toxic reactions are
side effects
Adverse reactions are used to describe more severe and life-threatening reactions
