,
,CHAPTER 1: Microbial Life: Origin and Discovery
kp kp kp kp kp kp
MULTIPLE CHOICE
kp
1. Viruses are: kp
a. infectious agents that infect multi-cellular organisms kp kp kp kp kp
b. noncellular particles that take over the metabolism of a cell to generate more viruspa
kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp
rticles
c. pathogens that replicate in complex growth media kp kp kp kp kp kp
d. cellular particles that belong to the archaea domain
kp kp kp kp kp kp kp
e. microbes that consist of lipid membrane enclosed genomes kp kp kp kp kp kp kp
ANS: B DIF:
k p Easy REF: 1.1 kpkpkp TOP: I.A | I.B
k p kp kp
MSC: Remembering k p
2. Analysis of DNA sequences reveals:
kp kp kp kp
a. the ancient convergence of two cell types, i.e., prokaryotes and eukaryotes
kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp
b. prokaryotes and eukaryotes evolved from a common ancestral cell kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp
c. that bacteria share common ancestor with archaea, but not with eukarya
kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp
d. prokaryotes are cells with a nucleus kp kp kp kp kp
e. the genome of Haemophilus influenzae has about 2 billion base pairs
kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp
ANS: B DIF:
k p Easy REF: 1.1 kpkpkp TOP: I.A | I.B
k p kp kp
MSC: Remembering k p
3. Which of these groups are considered to be microbes but NOT considered to be cells?
kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp
a. viruses d. protists
b. bacteria e. filamentous fungi kp
c. archaea
ANS: A DIF:
k p Easy REF: 1.1 kpkpkp TOP: I.A.i k p
MSC: Remembering k p
4. A microbe is commonly defined as:
kp kp kp kp kp
a. a virus that requires a microscope to be seen
kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp
b. a bacterium that requires a microscope to be seen
kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp
c. a single-cellular prokaryote that requires a microscope to be seen
kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp
d. a multicellular eukaryote that requires a microscope to be seen
kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp
e. a living organism that requires a microscope to be seen
kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp
ANS: E DIF:
k p Easy REF: 1.1 kpkpkp TOP: I.A.i | I.A.ii
k p kp kp
MSC: Remembering k p
5. Which one of the following statements regarding microbial cells is NOT true?
kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp
a. Microbial cells acquire food, gain energy to build themselves, and respond to
kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp
environmental change. kp
, b. Most single-celled organisms require a microscope to render them visible, but some
kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp
bacterial cells are large enough to be seen with naked eyes.
kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp
c. Microbes function as individual entities. kp kp kp kp
d. Many microbes form complex multicellular assemblages.
kp kp kp kp kp
e. Viruses are not considered as microbial cells.
kp kp kp kp kp kp
ANS: C k DIF:
p Easy REF: 1.1 kpkpkp TOP: I.A.i | I.A.ii k p kp kp
MSC: Remembering
k p
6. Which of the following statements is FALSE?
kp kp kp kp kp kp
a. A genome is the total genetic information contained in an organism’s chromosomal DNA.
kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp
b. If a microbe’s genome includes genes for nitrogenase, that microbe probably can fixnitrogen.
kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp
c. By comparing DNA sequences of different organisms, we can figure out how closely
kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp
related they are. kp kp
d. Fred Sanger developed the first applicable DNA sequencing method.
kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp
e. Fred Sanger completed the sequences of Haemophilus influenzae.
kp kp kp kp kp kp kp
ANS: E k DIF:
p Easy REF: 1.1 kpkpkp TOP: I.B k p
MSC: Remembering
k p
7. The first cellular genomes to be sequenced were those of:
kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp
a. humans d. prions
b. bacteria e. fungi
c. viruses
ANS: B k DIF:
p Easy REF: 1.1 kpkpkp TOP: I.B.i k p
MSC: Remembering
k p
8. The environment of early Earth may have contained all of the following EXCEPT:
kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp
a. ferrous iron kp d. oxygen
b. methane e. hydrogen gas kp
c. ammonia
ANS: D k p DIF: Easy
REF: Special Topic 1.1TOP:
kp kp kp kp k p II.D
MSC: Remembering k p
9. The development of the theory of the ―RNA world‖ resulted from the discovery of:
kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp
a. archaea d. ribozymes
b. prions e. endosymbionts
c. bacteria
ANS: D k p DIF: Medium
REF: Special Topic 1.1TOP:
kp kp kp kp k p II.D
MSC: Remembering k p
10. Which microbes may resemble those of the earliest life forms?
kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp
a. archaea d. cyanobacteria
b. photosynthetic algae e. protists kp
c. viruses
ANS: A k p DIF: Medium
REF: Special Topic 1.1TOP:
kp kp kp kp k p II.D
MSC: Remembering k p
11. Early metabolism may have been catalyzed by:
kp kp kp kp kp kp
a. DNA d. amino acids kp
b. RNA e. carbohydrates
,CHAPTER 1: Microbial Life: Origin and Discovery
kp kp kp kp kp kp
MULTIPLE CHOICE
kp
1. Viruses are: kp
a. infectious agents that infect multi-cellular organisms kp kp kp kp kp
b. noncellular particles that take over the metabolism of a cell to generate more viruspa
kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp
rticles
c. pathogens that replicate in complex growth media kp kp kp kp kp kp
d. cellular particles that belong to the archaea domain
kp kp kp kp kp kp kp
e. microbes that consist of lipid membrane enclosed genomes kp kp kp kp kp kp kp
ANS: B DIF:
k p Easy REF: 1.1 kpkpkp TOP: I.A | I.B
k p kp kp
MSC: Remembering k p
2. Analysis of DNA sequences reveals:
kp kp kp kp
a. the ancient convergence of two cell types, i.e., prokaryotes and eukaryotes
kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp
b. prokaryotes and eukaryotes evolved from a common ancestral cell kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp
c. that bacteria share common ancestor with archaea, but not with eukarya
kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp
d. prokaryotes are cells with a nucleus kp kp kp kp kp
e. the genome of Haemophilus influenzae has about 2 billion base pairs
kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp
ANS: B DIF:
k p Easy REF: 1.1 kpkpkp TOP: I.A | I.B
k p kp kp
MSC: Remembering k p
3. Which of these groups are considered to be microbes but NOT considered to be cells?
kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp
a. viruses d. protists
b. bacteria e. filamentous fungi kp
c. archaea
ANS: A DIF:
k p Easy REF: 1.1 kpkpkp TOP: I.A.i k p
MSC: Remembering k p
4. A microbe is commonly defined as:
kp kp kp kp kp
a. a virus that requires a microscope to be seen
kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp
b. a bacterium that requires a microscope to be seen
kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp
c. a single-cellular prokaryote that requires a microscope to be seen
kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp
d. a multicellular eukaryote that requires a microscope to be seen
kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp
e. a living organism that requires a microscope to be seen
kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp
ANS: E DIF:
k p Easy REF: 1.1 kpkpkp TOP: I.A.i | I.A.ii
k p kp kp
MSC: Remembering k p
5. Which one of the following statements regarding microbial cells is NOT true?
kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp
a. Microbial cells acquire food, gain energy to build themselves, and respond to
kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp
environmental change. kp
, b. Most single-celled organisms require a microscope to render them visible, but some
kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp
bacterial cells are large enough to be seen with naked eyes.
kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp
c. Microbes function as individual entities. kp kp kp kp
d. Many microbes form complex multicellular assemblages.
kp kp kp kp kp
e. Viruses are not considered as microbial cells.
kp kp kp kp kp kp
ANS: C k DIF:
p Easy REF: 1.1 kpkpkp TOP: I.A.i | I.A.ii k p kp kp
MSC: Remembering
k p
6. Which of the following statements is FALSE?
kp kp kp kp kp kp
a. A genome is the total genetic information contained in an organism’s chromosomal DNA.
kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp
b. If a microbe’s genome includes genes for nitrogenase, that microbe probably can fixnitrogen.
kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp
c. By comparing DNA sequences of different organisms, we can figure out how closely
kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp
related they are. kp kp
d. Fred Sanger developed the first applicable DNA sequencing method.
kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp
e. Fred Sanger completed the sequences of Haemophilus influenzae.
kp kp kp kp kp kp kp
ANS: E k DIF:
p Easy REF: 1.1 kpkpkp TOP: I.B k p
MSC: Remembering
k p
7. The first cellular genomes to be sequenced were those of:
kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp
a. humans d. prions
b. bacteria e. fungi
c. viruses
ANS: B k DIF:
p Easy REF: 1.1 kpkpkp TOP: I.B.i k p
MSC: Remembering
k p
8. The environment of early Earth may have contained all of the following EXCEPT:
kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp
a. ferrous iron kp d. oxygen
b. methane e. hydrogen gas kp
c. ammonia
ANS: D k p DIF: Easy
REF: Special Topic 1.1TOP:
kp kp kp kp k p II.D
MSC: Remembering k p
9. The development of the theory of the ―RNA world‖ resulted from the discovery of:
kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp
a. archaea d. ribozymes
b. prions e. endosymbionts
c. bacteria
ANS: D k p DIF: Medium
REF: Special Topic 1.1TOP:
kp kp kp kp k p II.D
MSC: Remembering k p
10. Which microbes may resemble those of the earliest life forms?
kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp kp
a. archaea d. cyanobacteria
b. photosynthetic algae e. protists kp
c. viruses
ANS: A k p DIF: Medium
REF: Special Topic 1.1TOP:
kp kp kp kp k p II.D
MSC: Remembering k p
11. Early metabolism may have been catalyzed by:
kp kp kp kp kp kp
a. DNA d. amino acids kp
b. RNA e. carbohydrates
