PAEA Pediatrics EOR Topics 2025/2026
Exam Questions and Answers | 100%
Solved
what is the MC conjunctivitis seen in children? what is the cause? source? -
🧠 ANSWER ✔✔viral conjunctivitis; Adenovirus; swimming pools
Dx? preauricular lymphadenopathy, copious watery eye discharge, scanty
mucoid discharge, usually unilateral with punctate staining on slit lamp
examination; Tx? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔dx: viral conjunctivitis
tx: supportive (cool compresses, artificial tears) +/- antihistamines for
itching (Olopatadine)
Dx? bilateral eye itching, tearing, redness, string discharge, chemosis
(conjunctival swelling) with cobblestone appearance to inner/upper eyelids;
Tx? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔dx: allergic conjunctivitis
,tx: topical antihistamines (H1 blockers) (Olopatadine,
Pheniramine/Naphazoline, Emedastine), topical NSAID (ketorolac), topical
corticosteroids (but s/e of long term use = glaucoma, cataracts, HSV
keratitis)
Dx? purulent eye discharge, lid crusting, no visual changes, absence of
ciliary injection; Tx? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔dx: bacterial conjunctivitis (MC S.
aureus, Strep pneumo, H. influenzae)
tx: topical abx (erythromycin, fluoroquinolones, sulfonamides,
aminoglycosides); if contact lens wearer cover for pseudomonas w/
fluoroquinolone or aminoglycoside
if bacterial conjunctivitis is found to be chlamydia or gonorrhea what is the
tx? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔admit for IV and topical abx (ophtho emergency)
-gonoccoccal: IV ceftriaxone + topical
-chlamydia: IV azithromycin
neonatal conjunctivitis is aka? if left untreated can develop what? - 🧠
ANSWER ✔✔ophthalmia neonatorum; corneal ulceration,
opacification/scarring, visual impairment/blindness
,standard prophylaxis given immediately after birth to prevent ophthalmia
neonatorum (neonatal conjunctivitis) includes: - 🧠 ANSWER
✔✔erythromycin ointment, tetracycline ointment, silver nitrate, or povidone-
iodine
if ophthalmia neonatorum (neonatal conjunctivitis) develops on day 1 after
birth what is the most likely cause? day 2-5? day 5-7? day 7-11? - 🧠
ANSWER ✔✔day 1: silver nitrate (chemical cause- prophylaxis is what can
cause the condition)
day 2-5: gonococcal
day 5-7: chlamydia
day 7-11: HSV
orbital (septal) cellulitis is usually secondary to _________ infection in most
commonly what age group? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔sinus; 7-12y; other causes
include dental/facial infxns or bacteremia
what is the most common sinus infection (90%) that causes secondary
orbital cellulitis? what organisms are the cause? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔ethmoid;
S. aureus, Strep. pneumo, GABHS (Strep. pyogenes), H. influenzae
COPYRIGHT©NINJANERD 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
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, work up/Dx? decreased vision, pain w/ ocular movement, proptosis
(bulging eye), eyelid erythema and edema; tx? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔dx: orbital
cellulitis
work up: CT scan (showing infxn of fat & ocular muscles) or MRI
tx: IV antibiotics (Vanc, Clinda, Cefotaxime, Ampicillin/Sulbactam)
what is the difference b/t orbital (septal) cellulitis and preseptal cellulitis? - 🧠
ANSWER ✔✔preseptal may still have ocular pain, redness and swelling
but NO visual changes or pain w/ ocular mvmt (hasn't affected the muscles)
misalignment of the eyes is aka? when does stable ocular alignment
present in infants? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔strabismus; 2-3 mos
convergent strabismus is aka? divergent strabismus is aka? - 🧠 ANSWER
✔✔convergent: esotropia (deviated inward "cross eyed")
divergent: exotropia (deviated ouward)
a + Hirschberg corneal light reflex test, diplopia, scotomas (blind spots), or
amblyopia (lazy eye) are clinical manifestations of what condition? what
other tests can be performed? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔strabismus; cover-uncover
test to determine the angle of strabismus, cover test, convergence testing
Exam Questions and Answers | 100%
Solved
what is the MC conjunctivitis seen in children? what is the cause? source? -
🧠 ANSWER ✔✔viral conjunctivitis; Adenovirus; swimming pools
Dx? preauricular lymphadenopathy, copious watery eye discharge, scanty
mucoid discharge, usually unilateral with punctate staining on slit lamp
examination; Tx? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔dx: viral conjunctivitis
tx: supportive (cool compresses, artificial tears) +/- antihistamines for
itching (Olopatadine)
Dx? bilateral eye itching, tearing, redness, string discharge, chemosis
(conjunctival swelling) with cobblestone appearance to inner/upper eyelids;
Tx? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔dx: allergic conjunctivitis
,tx: topical antihistamines (H1 blockers) (Olopatadine,
Pheniramine/Naphazoline, Emedastine), topical NSAID (ketorolac), topical
corticosteroids (but s/e of long term use = glaucoma, cataracts, HSV
keratitis)
Dx? purulent eye discharge, lid crusting, no visual changes, absence of
ciliary injection; Tx? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔dx: bacterial conjunctivitis (MC S.
aureus, Strep pneumo, H. influenzae)
tx: topical abx (erythromycin, fluoroquinolones, sulfonamides,
aminoglycosides); if contact lens wearer cover for pseudomonas w/
fluoroquinolone or aminoglycoside
if bacterial conjunctivitis is found to be chlamydia or gonorrhea what is the
tx? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔admit for IV and topical abx (ophtho emergency)
-gonoccoccal: IV ceftriaxone + topical
-chlamydia: IV azithromycin
neonatal conjunctivitis is aka? if left untreated can develop what? - 🧠
ANSWER ✔✔ophthalmia neonatorum; corneal ulceration,
opacification/scarring, visual impairment/blindness
,standard prophylaxis given immediately after birth to prevent ophthalmia
neonatorum (neonatal conjunctivitis) includes: - 🧠 ANSWER
✔✔erythromycin ointment, tetracycline ointment, silver nitrate, or povidone-
iodine
if ophthalmia neonatorum (neonatal conjunctivitis) develops on day 1 after
birth what is the most likely cause? day 2-5? day 5-7? day 7-11? - 🧠
ANSWER ✔✔day 1: silver nitrate (chemical cause- prophylaxis is what can
cause the condition)
day 2-5: gonococcal
day 5-7: chlamydia
day 7-11: HSV
orbital (septal) cellulitis is usually secondary to _________ infection in most
commonly what age group? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔sinus; 7-12y; other causes
include dental/facial infxns or bacteremia
what is the most common sinus infection (90%) that causes secondary
orbital cellulitis? what organisms are the cause? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔ethmoid;
S. aureus, Strep. pneumo, GABHS (Strep. pyogenes), H. influenzae
COPYRIGHT©NINJANERD 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
3
, work up/Dx? decreased vision, pain w/ ocular movement, proptosis
(bulging eye), eyelid erythema and edema; tx? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔dx: orbital
cellulitis
work up: CT scan (showing infxn of fat & ocular muscles) or MRI
tx: IV antibiotics (Vanc, Clinda, Cefotaxime, Ampicillin/Sulbactam)
what is the difference b/t orbital (septal) cellulitis and preseptal cellulitis? - 🧠
ANSWER ✔✔preseptal may still have ocular pain, redness and swelling
but NO visual changes or pain w/ ocular mvmt (hasn't affected the muscles)
misalignment of the eyes is aka? when does stable ocular alignment
present in infants? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔strabismus; 2-3 mos
convergent strabismus is aka? divergent strabismus is aka? - 🧠 ANSWER
✔✔convergent: esotropia (deviated inward "cross eyed")
divergent: exotropia (deviated ouward)
a + Hirschberg corneal light reflex test, diplopia, scotomas (blind spots), or
amblyopia (lazy eye) are clinical manifestations of what condition? what
other tests can be performed? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔strabismus; cover-uncover
test to determine the angle of strabismus, cover test, convergence testing
