CNPR, NAPSR Exam Questions &
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Margin of safety - (ANSWER)the difference between the usual effective dose and
the dose that induces severe or life threatening side effects
Rights of drug administration - (ANSWER)right patient, right medication, right
does, right route of administration, and right time of delivery
Injection routes - (ANSWER)intramuscular, intrathecal, intravenous,
subcutaneous
intramuscular - (ANSWER)drugs given by direct injection into muscle tissue
intrathecal - (ANSWER)needle is inserted between to vertebrea in the lower spine
an into space around the spinal cord
intravenous - (ANSWER)injected directly into the veins
subcutaneous - (ANSWER)needle inserted into the fatty tissue just beneath the
skin
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Bioavailablility - (ANSWER)how quickly and how much of a drug reaches its
intended target site of action
Bioequivalent - (ANSWER)when drugs contain not only the same active
ingredients but also produce virtually the same blood levels over time
Therapeutic equivalence - (ANSWER)production of the same medicinal effects
Areas of drug elimination and excretion - (ANSWER)Lungs, breast milk, sweat
tears urine feces, bile, saliva, and exhaled air
medication error - (ANSWER)failure to administer drug in the correct form
Powders - (ANSWER)a drug that is dried and ground into fine particles
pills - (ANSWER)a single dose unit of medicine made by mixing the powdered
drug with liquid such as syrup and rolling it into a round or oval shape
granules - (ANSWER)a small pill usually accompanied usually accompanied by
many others encased within a gelatin capsule; quite often releasing medication
over time
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tablet - (ANSWER)pharmaceutical preparation made by compressing the
powdered for of a drug and bulk filling material under high pressure; commonly
used for anti acids and antiflatulents
Capsules - (ANSWER)medication dosage form in which the drug is contained in an
external shell; can be pulled apart for access to contents
sustained release - (ANSWER)several doses of a drug in special coatings that
dissolve at different rates
Enteric Coating - (ANSWER)dosage in special coating that doesn't digest in the
stomach; only starts to digest in the intestines
caplets - (ANSWER)shaped like a capsule but has the form of a tablet the shape
and file make swallowing easier
gel caps - (ANSWER)an oil based medication that is enclosed in soft gelatin
capsule
Emulsion - (ANSWER)two agents that cannot ordinarily be combined or mixed
otic drugs - (ANSWER)control localized infections or inflammation and require
very low dosages to be effective
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Types of drug despensing - (ANSWER)OTC and prescription
Type A (Augmented) drug reaction - (ANSWER)exaggeration of the drug's
therapeutic effects
Type B (idiosyncratic) - (ANSWER)results from mechanisms that are not currently
understood; largely unpredictable
Type C (continuing or chronic) - (ANSWER)These persist for a long time
Type D delayed - (ANSWER)these take some time to develop
Type E end of use - (ANSWER)These occur during drug withdrawal
Risk Factors - (ANSWER)Use of several drugs, age, Pregnancy and breast feeding
Excipients - (ANSWER)inactive ingredients
Parenteral - (ANSWER)intravenous, intramuscular, subcutaneous
Rectal - (ANSWER)suppository