NUR 239 Exam 4 – Questions With Step By Step
Solutions
Save
Terms in this set (140)
Normal Potassium (K) 3.5-5.0 mEq/L
levels
Hyperkalemia levels >5.0 mEq/L
How does the first dose Catopril decreases BP; the Pt is not used to its
of Catopril cause effects yet so they can experience dizziness and
orthostatic hypotension? pass out
salt substitutes contain Potassium (K+)
which electrolyte?
What does Ca+ do to the causes them to constrict
blood vessels?
Why do you NOT It could lead to increased heart rate or chest pain
abruptly stop
Amlodipine?
gynecomastia development of breast tissue in males
What does histamine do Dilates vessels
to blood vessels?
What does Bradykinin do Dilates vessels and increases capillary permability
to blood vessels?
What does Serotonin do Constricts vessels
to blood vessels?
What do Prostaglandins Constricts vessels
do to blood vessels?
What does Angiotensin II vasoconstriction
do to blood vessels?
,-sclerosis hardening/thickening
What will happen if there hypertension
is too much renin?
What will happen if there Hypotension
is too little renin?
What does ACE stand Angiotensin converting enzyme
for?
Syncope fainting or "passing out"
Equation for Cardiac CO = HR x SV
Output (CO)
the amount of blood pumped out of each ventricle
Cardiac Output is
in one minute
Stroke Volume (SV) is amount of blood ejected with each heart beat
BP equation BP = CO x SVR
Systemic Vascular total resistance of blood flow for the entire systemic
Resistance (SVR) circulation
Peripheral Vascular resistance of blood flow within smaller blood
Resistance (PVR) vessels of specific organs/areas
The volume of blood pumped forward with each
Stroke Volume (SV)
ventricular contraction
Preload Volume of blood returning to heart (↑ in HF)
Force heart must use to eject blood from ventricle
Afterload
(↑ in HF)
Orthopnea SOB when lying down
A drop in blood pressure due to a sudden change
What is Orthostatic of posture
Hypotension? ↓ systolic pressure by 20mmHg and diastolic
pressure by10mmHg
Who is at risk for Older adults, Hx of falls, taking anti-hypertensive
Orthostatic meds, ↓ fluid volume
Hypotension?
, sit at edge of bed and dangle feet for a bit before
standing up
Instructions for those change positions slowly
with Orthostatic avoid ETOH
Hypotension? avoid vigorous activity
avoid prolonged standing & hot baths
ensure adequate fluids
What is Primary HTN No known cause
referred to as?
What are some factors Genetics, obesity, alcohol consumption, high salt
that contribute to Primary intake, aging, stress, insulin resistance, sedentary
HTN? lifestyle
What blood pressure Systolic 130 or diastolic 80 on multiple blood
values are considered pressure checks
indicative of Primary
HTN?
Renal disease
diabetes
Secondary HTN can be AE from drugs
caused by pregnancy
adrenal tumor
CNS disorders
How do the kidneys Overactive RAAS and kidney dysfunction
cause increased blood
volume leading to
hypertension? (think
broad)
How does hypertension Due to vasoconstriction from structural remodeling
lead to increased (sclerosis) caused by decreased elasticity and
peripheral resistance lumen size
(thing that blood has to
overcome to flow
through body)?
What effect does It increases the workload on the heart, leading to
hypertension have on the heart enlargement (hypertrophy)
heart's workload?
Solutions
Save
Terms in this set (140)
Normal Potassium (K) 3.5-5.0 mEq/L
levels
Hyperkalemia levels >5.0 mEq/L
How does the first dose Catopril decreases BP; the Pt is not used to its
of Catopril cause effects yet so they can experience dizziness and
orthostatic hypotension? pass out
salt substitutes contain Potassium (K+)
which electrolyte?
What does Ca+ do to the causes them to constrict
blood vessels?
Why do you NOT It could lead to increased heart rate or chest pain
abruptly stop
Amlodipine?
gynecomastia development of breast tissue in males
What does histamine do Dilates vessels
to blood vessels?
What does Bradykinin do Dilates vessels and increases capillary permability
to blood vessels?
What does Serotonin do Constricts vessels
to blood vessels?
What do Prostaglandins Constricts vessels
do to blood vessels?
What does Angiotensin II vasoconstriction
do to blood vessels?
,-sclerosis hardening/thickening
What will happen if there hypertension
is too much renin?
What will happen if there Hypotension
is too little renin?
What does ACE stand Angiotensin converting enzyme
for?
Syncope fainting or "passing out"
Equation for Cardiac CO = HR x SV
Output (CO)
the amount of blood pumped out of each ventricle
Cardiac Output is
in one minute
Stroke Volume (SV) is amount of blood ejected with each heart beat
BP equation BP = CO x SVR
Systemic Vascular total resistance of blood flow for the entire systemic
Resistance (SVR) circulation
Peripheral Vascular resistance of blood flow within smaller blood
Resistance (PVR) vessels of specific organs/areas
The volume of blood pumped forward with each
Stroke Volume (SV)
ventricular contraction
Preload Volume of blood returning to heart (↑ in HF)
Force heart must use to eject blood from ventricle
Afterload
(↑ in HF)
Orthopnea SOB when lying down
A drop in blood pressure due to a sudden change
What is Orthostatic of posture
Hypotension? ↓ systolic pressure by 20mmHg and diastolic
pressure by10mmHg
Who is at risk for Older adults, Hx of falls, taking anti-hypertensive
Orthostatic meds, ↓ fluid volume
Hypotension?
, sit at edge of bed and dangle feet for a bit before
standing up
Instructions for those change positions slowly
with Orthostatic avoid ETOH
Hypotension? avoid vigorous activity
avoid prolonged standing & hot baths
ensure adequate fluids
What is Primary HTN No known cause
referred to as?
What are some factors Genetics, obesity, alcohol consumption, high salt
that contribute to Primary intake, aging, stress, insulin resistance, sedentary
HTN? lifestyle
What blood pressure Systolic 130 or diastolic 80 on multiple blood
values are considered pressure checks
indicative of Primary
HTN?
Renal disease
diabetes
Secondary HTN can be AE from drugs
caused by pregnancy
adrenal tumor
CNS disorders
How do the kidneys Overactive RAAS and kidney dysfunction
cause increased blood
volume leading to
hypertension? (think
broad)
How does hypertension Due to vasoconstriction from structural remodeling
lead to increased (sclerosis) caused by decreased elasticity and
peripheral resistance lumen size
(thing that blood has to
overcome to flow
through body)?
What effect does It increases the workload on the heart, leading to
hypertension have on the heart enlargement (hypertrophy)
heart's workload?
