NUR 239 Exam 2 – Questions With Right
Solutions
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Terms in this set (181)
What are some (cardinal) Rubor (redness), tumor (swelling), calor (heat),
signs of local (dolor) pain at site, loss of function
inflammation?
What happens to pulse Pulse and respirations will increase
and respirations when
temperature increases?
Begins with vasoconstriction followed by
vasodilation where pores open up and toxins are
Describe the vascular
diluted causing heat and redness, increased
stage of acute
permeability, WBCs need to get to area and there
inflammation
are histamines, bradykin, prostaglandins, also fibrin
helps form a clot
Endothelial cell activation, margination
Describe the cellular (accumulation of WBCs), adhesion of WBCs to
stages of acute endothelium, transmigration of WBCs across
inflammation? endothelium, chemotaxis (cell migration), activation
and phagocytosis (WBCs engulfs agent)
Describe serous Watery and thin, plasma fluid, low in protein, almost
exudate*** clear
Define opsonization of Coating antigen with antibodies makes recognition
microbes by neutrophils easier
Describe hemorrhagic RBCs, severe injury, also call it sanguineous, kind of
exudate bloody
Describe fibrinous Fibrogen, thick and sticky, usually something in the
exudate throat area
,Describe membranous or On mucous membranes, necrotic cells, fibrin and
pseudomembranous purulent exudate
exudate
Describe Pus, degraded WBCs, proteins, debris
purulent/suppurative
exudate***
Self-limited and short in duration (physiologic);
rapid onset, solves on its own, can occur with
Describe acute
chronic inflammation, goes through vascular and
inflammation
cellular stage, exudate of fluid and plasma
components
Pathologic; longer duration, presence of
Describe chronic
lymphocytes and macrophages, proliferation of
inflammation
blood vessels, fibrosis, and tissue necrosis
What are the signs and Fever (pyrexia), increased neutrophils (leukocytosis
symptoms of systemic >10,000 cells/mL), fatigue, malaise, anorexia,
inflammatory response? increased heart rate
Wound edges held together, granulation tissue
What is primary intention grows across, clean wound that can be closed, less
wound healing? scar tissue, sutured closed incision, small cut,
puncture wounds
Wound left open, greater loss of tissue,
contamination, necrotic debris, exudate, fills with
What is secondary
granulation tissue from sides and bottom, slower
intention wound healing?
process, more scar tissue, infected wounds, burns,
trauma, pressure injuries (ulcers)
Starts with injury and lasts 2 - 5 days,
Define the inflammatory vasoconstriction followed by vasodilation, platelet
phase of wound healing aggregation with fibrin deposits form clots,
phagocytosis (neutrophils and macrophages)
2 days - 3 weeks, granulation tissue forms, wound
Define the proliferation begins to pull together, new epithelial cells cover
phase of wound healing moist wound surfaces in all directions (covers
defect)
, 3 weeks to 6 months or longer, collagen formed
Define the remodeling and removed to increase strength of wound, scar
phase of wound healing tissue does not have function of original tissue and
not as strong
Localized area of inflammation that contains
purulent exudate (pus), neutrophil layer, fibroblasts
What is an abscess?
wall off area, antibiotics cannot penetrate this layer,
need to be surgically removed
Inflammation in epithelial layer (usually skin or GI
tissue- like the lining of the stomach, necrotic,
What is an ulceration?
eroded), ex. vascular disease- diabetic foot ulcer,
trauma to epithelial layer- peptic ulcer
Abnormality in healing; change in type of tissue in
healing, tumor-like masses caused by excess
production of thick collagen scar tissue, common
What is a keloid?
areas- earlobes, arms, pelvic area, collar bone,
chest, ex. ear piercing, acne, scratch, burns, wounds,
can be painful, itchy
A hunk of tissue that has been chronically inflamed &
What is a granuloma? is now essentially just scar tissue, you can see
necrosis in the center
What are some factors Malnutrition, blood flow and oxygen delivery,
that affect wound impaired inflammatory and immune responses,
healing? infection and wound separation, bite wounds
What structure regulates Hypothalamus
body temperature?
Vasoconstriction with ******************************
fever
Headache, anorexia, myalgia, arthralgia, fatigue,
What are some clinical
increased heart rate, may lead to dehydration,
manifestations of fever?
confusion, delirium, incoordination, agitation
Temp returns to normal at least once every 24-
What is an intermittent
hours, goes back to normal but spikes throughout
fever?
the day
Solutions
Save
Terms in this set (181)
What are some (cardinal) Rubor (redness), tumor (swelling), calor (heat),
signs of local (dolor) pain at site, loss of function
inflammation?
What happens to pulse Pulse and respirations will increase
and respirations when
temperature increases?
Begins with vasoconstriction followed by
vasodilation where pores open up and toxins are
Describe the vascular
diluted causing heat and redness, increased
stage of acute
permeability, WBCs need to get to area and there
inflammation
are histamines, bradykin, prostaglandins, also fibrin
helps form a clot
Endothelial cell activation, margination
Describe the cellular (accumulation of WBCs), adhesion of WBCs to
stages of acute endothelium, transmigration of WBCs across
inflammation? endothelium, chemotaxis (cell migration), activation
and phagocytosis (WBCs engulfs agent)
Describe serous Watery and thin, plasma fluid, low in protein, almost
exudate*** clear
Define opsonization of Coating antigen with antibodies makes recognition
microbes by neutrophils easier
Describe hemorrhagic RBCs, severe injury, also call it sanguineous, kind of
exudate bloody
Describe fibrinous Fibrogen, thick and sticky, usually something in the
exudate throat area
,Describe membranous or On mucous membranes, necrotic cells, fibrin and
pseudomembranous purulent exudate
exudate
Describe Pus, degraded WBCs, proteins, debris
purulent/suppurative
exudate***
Self-limited and short in duration (physiologic);
rapid onset, solves on its own, can occur with
Describe acute
chronic inflammation, goes through vascular and
inflammation
cellular stage, exudate of fluid and plasma
components
Pathologic; longer duration, presence of
Describe chronic
lymphocytes and macrophages, proliferation of
inflammation
blood vessels, fibrosis, and tissue necrosis
What are the signs and Fever (pyrexia), increased neutrophils (leukocytosis
symptoms of systemic >10,000 cells/mL), fatigue, malaise, anorexia,
inflammatory response? increased heart rate
Wound edges held together, granulation tissue
What is primary intention grows across, clean wound that can be closed, less
wound healing? scar tissue, sutured closed incision, small cut,
puncture wounds
Wound left open, greater loss of tissue,
contamination, necrotic debris, exudate, fills with
What is secondary
granulation tissue from sides and bottom, slower
intention wound healing?
process, more scar tissue, infected wounds, burns,
trauma, pressure injuries (ulcers)
Starts with injury and lasts 2 - 5 days,
Define the inflammatory vasoconstriction followed by vasodilation, platelet
phase of wound healing aggregation with fibrin deposits form clots,
phagocytosis (neutrophils and macrophages)
2 days - 3 weeks, granulation tissue forms, wound
Define the proliferation begins to pull together, new epithelial cells cover
phase of wound healing moist wound surfaces in all directions (covers
defect)
, 3 weeks to 6 months or longer, collagen formed
Define the remodeling and removed to increase strength of wound, scar
phase of wound healing tissue does not have function of original tissue and
not as strong
Localized area of inflammation that contains
purulent exudate (pus), neutrophil layer, fibroblasts
What is an abscess?
wall off area, antibiotics cannot penetrate this layer,
need to be surgically removed
Inflammation in epithelial layer (usually skin or GI
tissue- like the lining of the stomach, necrotic,
What is an ulceration?
eroded), ex. vascular disease- diabetic foot ulcer,
trauma to epithelial layer- peptic ulcer
Abnormality in healing; change in type of tissue in
healing, tumor-like masses caused by excess
production of thick collagen scar tissue, common
What is a keloid?
areas- earlobes, arms, pelvic area, collar bone,
chest, ex. ear piercing, acne, scratch, burns, wounds,
can be painful, itchy
A hunk of tissue that has been chronically inflamed &
What is a granuloma? is now essentially just scar tissue, you can see
necrosis in the center
What are some factors Malnutrition, blood flow and oxygen delivery,
that affect wound impaired inflammatory and immune responses,
healing? infection and wound separation, bite wounds
What structure regulates Hypothalamus
body temperature?
Vasoconstriction with ******************************
fever
Headache, anorexia, myalgia, arthralgia, fatigue,
What are some clinical
increased heart rate, may lead to dehydration,
manifestations of fever?
confusion, delirium, incoordination, agitation
Temp returns to normal at least once every 24-
What is an intermittent
hours, goes back to normal but spikes throughout
fever?
the day
