NUTR 331 - Unit 3 Exam Questions Answered Correctly Latest Update 2025-2026
Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) - Answers Acceptable range of quantities of vitamins and
minerals for "healthy people" in each gender and age group used for planning and assessing
diets
Daily Values (DV) - Answers reference values for nutrients and food components used in food
labels; allows comparisons among foods with regard to their nutrient contents;
One set of values for "avg" person & 2000 cal/day whereas DRI recommended intakes vary from
group to group
The goals of Dietary Reference Intakes (DRI) - Answers assess diets and provide nutrition
advice; health maintenance and disease prevention in already healthy people; create technical
recommendations for use by nutrition professionals in setting standards and guidelines
Percentage of Calorie Calculations (general formula) - Answers (Nutrient's calories/Total
calories)*100 = %kcal from nutrient
Conversion formula for fat (g) to fat (kCal) - Answers Fat (g) * 9 kCal per g = kCal from fat
Conversion formula for protein (g) to protein (kCal) - Answers Protein (g) * 4Cal/g = Cal from
protein
Conversion formula for carbohydrates (g) to carbs (kCal) - Answers Carbs (g) * 4Cal/g = Cal
from carbs
Calorie Values for Energy-Yielding Nutrients - Answers Carbs = 4 Cal/g
Fat = 9 Cal/g
Protein = 4 Cal/g
5 Standards of DRIs - Answers Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA); Adequate Intakes (AI);
Tolerable Upper Intake Levels (UI); Estimated Average Requirements (EAR); Acceptable
Macronutrient Distribution Ranges (AMDR)
Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) - Answers DRI Standard for setting recommended
intake levels: Average daily nutrient intake level that meets needs of nearly all (97-98%) healthy
people in particular life stage and gender group; Derived from EAR; a.k.a. Acceptable Intake
Adequate Intake (AI) - Answers DRI Standards for setting recommended intake levels;
Recommended average daily nutrient intake level based on intakes of healthy people in
particular life stage and gender group and assumed to be adequate; Set when scientific data are
insufficient to allow establishment of RDA value
, Tolerable Upper Intake Levels (UI) - Answers DRI Standard for establishing safety guidelines;
Highest average daily nutrient intake level that is likely to pose no risk of toxicity to almost all
healthy individuals of a particular life stage and gender group; Usual intake above this level may
cause risk of illness from nutrient toxicity
Estimated Average Requirements (EAR) - Answers DRI Standard for facilitating nutrition
research and policy; Average daily nutrient intake estimated to meet requirement of half of
healthy individuals in particular life stage/gender group; basis for RDA values; plan group diets
and assess adequacy of population's diet
Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Ranges (AMDR) - Answers DRI Standard for preventing
chronic diseases; Ranges of intakes set for energy-yielding nutrients sufficient to provide
adequate total energy and nutrients while reducing risk of chronic diseases; expressed as
percentages of total daily caloric intake
Estimated Energy Requirement (EER) - Answers set at average energy intake level predicted to
maintain body weight for individual of particular subgroup and height/weight/physical activity
level consistent with good health
Balance Study - Answers Types of laboratory study in which a person is fed controlled diet and
intake and excretion of nutrient are measured;
Valid only for nutrients that don't change while in the body
Dietary Requirement - Answers Amount of nutrient that will just prevent development of specific
deficiency signs;
NOT the same as DRI recommended intake value, which is a generous allowance with a margin
of safety
Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) - Answers Recommended nutrient levels for protein,
vitamins, and minerals set sufficiently high to meet body's needs and reduce risk of chronic
disease; Exceed the needs of almost all people.
Generous yet safe and adequate
Limitations of Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) - Answers For healthy people with
normal intestinal absorption; Only 38 nutrients (not other trace nutrients); Doesn't account for
nutrient interactions; Limited data on elderly; varied req's for body size, growth;
misinterpretation of possible inadequacy as deficiency. Only "best guess".
Purpose of Canada's Food Guide - Answers Describes a healthy diet; Helps Canadians get
enough nutrients, reduce risk of certain diseases and chronic illnesses and achieve overall
health and vitality; Meets DRI's AMDR for carb, protein, fat in diet
Focus of Canada's Food Guide - Answers Eat Well Plate: Healthy Food Choices & Healthy Eating
Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) - Answers Acceptable range of quantities of vitamins and
minerals for "healthy people" in each gender and age group used for planning and assessing
diets
Daily Values (DV) - Answers reference values for nutrients and food components used in food
labels; allows comparisons among foods with regard to their nutrient contents;
One set of values for "avg" person & 2000 cal/day whereas DRI recommended intakes vary from
group to group
The goals of Dietary Reference Intakes (DRI) - Answers assess diets and provide nutrition
advice; health maintenance and disease prevention in already healthy people; create technical
recommendations for use by nutrition professionals in setting standards and guidelines
Percentage of Calorie Calculations (general formula) - Answers (Nutrient's calories/Total
calories)*100 = %kcal from nutrient
Conversion formula for fat (g) to fat (kCal) - Answers Fat (g) * 9 kCal per g = kCal from fat
Conversion formula for protein (g) to protein (kCal) - Answers Protein (g) * 4Cal/g = Cal from
protein
Conversion formula for carbohydrates (g) to carbs (kCal) - Answers Carbs (g) * 4Cal/g = Cal
from carbs
Calorie Values for Energy-Yielding Nutrients - Answers Carbs = 4 Cal/g
Fat = 9 Cal/g
Protein = 4 Cal/g
5 Standards of DRIs - Answers Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA); Adequate Intakes (AI);
Tolerable Upper Intake Levels (UI); Estimated Average Requirements (EAR); Acceptable
Macronutrient Distribution Ranges (AMDR)
Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) - Answers DRI Standard for setting recommended
intake levels: Average daily nutrient intake level that meets needs of nearly all (97-98%) healthy
people in particular life stage and gender group; Derived from EAR; a.k.a. Acceptable Intake
Adequate Intake (AI) - Answers DRI Standards for setting recommended intake levels;
Recommended average daily nutrient intake level based on intakes of healthy people in
particular life stage and gender group and assumed to be adequate; Set when scientific data are
insufficient to allow establishment of RDA value
, Tolerable Upper Intake Levels (UI) - Answers DRI Standard for establishing safety guidelines;
Highest average daily nutrient intake level that is likely to pose no risk of toxicity to almost all
healthy individuals of a particular life stage and gender group; Usual intake above this level may
cause risk of illness from nutrient toxicity
Estimated Average Requirements (EAR) - Answers DRI Standard for facilitating nutrition
research and policy; Average daily nutrient intake estimated to meet requirement of half of
healthy individuals in particular life stage/gender group; basis for RDA values; plan group diets
and assess adequacy of population's diet
Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Ranges (AMDR) - Answers DRI Standard for preventing
chronic diseases; Ranges of intakes set for energy-yielding nutrients sufficient to provide
adequate total energy and nutrients while reducing risk of chronic diseases; expressed as
percentages of total daily caloric intake
Estimated Energy Requirement (EER) - Answers set at average energy intake level predicted to
maintain body weight for individual of particular subgroup and height/weight/physical activity
level consistent with good health
Balance Study - Answers Types of laboratory study in which a person is fed controlled diet and
intake and excretion of nutrient are measured;
Valid only for nutrients that don't change while in the body
Dietary Requirement - Answers Amount of nutrient that will just prevent development of specific
deficiency signs;
NOT the same as DRI recommended intake value, which is a generous allowance with a margin
of safety
Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) - Answers Recommended nutrient levels for protein,
vitamins, and minerals set sufficiently high to meet body's needs and reduce risk of chronic
disease; Exceed the needs of almost all people.
Generous yet safe and adequate
Limitations of Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) - Answers For healthy people with
normal intestinal absorption; Only 38 nutrients (not other trace nutrients); Doesn't account for
nutrient interactions; Limited data on elderly; varied req's for body size, growth;
misinterpretation of possible inadequacy as deficiency. Only "best guess".
Purpose of Canada's Food Guide - Answers Describes a healthy diet; Helps Canadians get
enough nutrients, reduce risk of certain diseases and chronic illnesses and achieve overall
health and vitality; Meets DRI's AMDR for carb, protein, fat in diet
Focus of Canada's Food Guide - Answers Eat Well Plate: Healthy Food Choices & Healthy Eating
