NUTR 331 - EXAM 1 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ALREADY PASSED LATEST UPDATE

NUTR 331 - EXAM 1 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ALREADY PASSED LATEST UPDATE 4 core components of ethics - Answers Autonomy Non-Maleficence Beneficence Justice Autonomy - Answers individual has capacity and self-determination to made informed decisions; can say no; cant be coerced Non-Maleficence - Answers the intent to not inflict harm; being competent; professional development Beneficence - Answers intent to benefit others; balancing benefit and risk; professionalism, respect, best interest Justice - Answers fair, equitable, and appropriate treatment of all Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) - source and effects - Answers hypothalamus; secretion of FSH & LH Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) - source and effects - Answers pituitary gland; ova growth & estrogen secretion Luteinizing hormone (LH) - source and effects - Answers pituitary gland; ovulation, progesterone sec (W), testosterone sec (M) Estrogen & Progesterone - source and effects - Answers ovaries, corpus luteum; ova growth, GnRH sec, mensuration, glycogen uptake in endometrium testosterone - source and effects - Answers testicles; production & maturation of sperm Excessive body fat = BMI of ___ - Answers > 30 kg/m^2 inadequate body fat = BMI of ___ - Answers < 20 kg/m^2 Zinc ___ oxidative stress - Answers lowers zinc deficiency in men - Answers low sperm quality, concentration, and abnormal shape iron deficiency in women - Answers low ovulation, risk of preterm delivery folate is involved in ___, ___, ___, and ___ - Answers neural tube development, DNA replication, amino acid synthesis, vitamin metabolism oxidative stress in men - Answers low sperm mobility, low ability of sperm to fuse w egg oxidative stress in women - Answers harm egg dev, follicular dev, corpus luteum, & implantation of egg the 4 antioxidants - Answers Vitamin C, vitamin E, beta-carotene and Selenium when is the periconceptional period - Answers 1 month before conception and 3 months after ___mcg folic acid & ___mcg folate during periconceptional period - Answers 400mcg folic acid; 200mcg folate ___IU vitamin A during periconceptional period - Answers > 10,000 UI MTHFR gene - Answers difficulty turning folate into absorbable form low iron = ___ preterm delivery - Answers higher risk side effects of combination-hormonal contraceptives (4) - Answers low HDL, high LDL, high blood insulin, high risk stroke bc blood clots side effects of progestin-only contraceptives (2) - Answers weight gain, low bone mineral deposits in teens when does PMS symptoms occur - Answers begin in luteal phase, end with menses PMS treatments - Answers antidepressants w/ serotonin uptake inhibitors, calcium supp, vitamin B6 supp, chasteberry supp what is metabolic syndrome - Answers A cluster of conditions that increase the risk of heart disease, stroke, and diabetes #2. side effects of high body fat (W) - Answers anovulation, amenorrhea, delayed conception, low response to fertility treatment excess central body fat side effects (W) = ___ insulin resistance = ___ testosterone = ___ SHBG = ___ testosterone - Answers higher insulin resistance; high testosterone; low SHBG; even higher testosterone negative energy balance side effects (W) - Answers miscarriage, preterm delivery, LBW bby negative energy balance side effects (M) - Answers low sperm count, irregular shaped sperm glucose control during preconception benefits - Answers CNS development, lower heart defects, lower miscarriage PCOS symptoms - Answers ovarian cysts, irregular periods, infertility, excessive body/facial hair, acne PCOS = increased ___, ___, and ___ - Answers insulin, triglycerides, testosterone PCOS = decreased ___ - Answers HDL cholesterol primary goals of PCOS treatment - Answers incr insulin sensitivity, lower testosterone, induce ovulation general treatment of PCOS - Answers healthy dietary patterns, weight loss, exercise - sustainable changes over time LBW baby = less than ___ lbs - Answers < 5.5 lbs desirable birth weight - Answers 7 lb 12 oz ... 10 lb gestational/menstrual age - Answers length of pregnancy after the 1st day of the last menstrual cycle (LMP) conceptional age - Answers length of pregnancy after conception - true fetal age