ATI Med Surg Test Bank, Hematologic Disorders
Questions With 100% Correct Answers And
Elaborations 2024 |Already Graded A|
The nurse is caring for a patient with cirrhosis of the liver. The nurse notes fresh blood starting to ooze
from the patient’s rectum and intravenous site. The nurse contacts the provider expecting an order for:
a. an infusion of protein S factor.
b. blood work to evaluate protein C level.
c. a laboratory test to determine factor X level.
d. vitamin K injections.
ANSS>>: D
1/75
,The coagulation factors are plasma proteins that circulate as inactive enzymes, and most are
synthesized in the liver. Vitamin K is necessary for synthesis of factors II, VII, IX, X, and protein C
and protein S (anticoagulation factors). Thus, liver disease and vitamin K deficiency are commonly
associated with impaired hemostasis.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Analysis REF: p. 470
OBJ: Describe pathophysiological changes that affect hematological and immunological structure
and function. TOP: Nursing Process Step: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity
The process by which the body actively produces cells and mediators that result in the destruction of the
antigen is called:
a. passive immunity.
b. active immunity.
c. autoimmunity.
d. recognition of self as non-self.
2/75
,ANSS>>: B
Active immunity is a term used when the body actively produces cells and mediators that result in the
destruction of the antigen. Passive immunity is that which is transferred from another person (e.g.,
maternal antibodies transferred to the newborn through the placenta). In autoimmunity, the body
abnormally sees self as non-self and an immune response is activated against those tissues.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 467
OBJ: Describe pathophysiological changes that affect hematological and immunological structure
and function. TOP: Nursing Process Step: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity
The process in which antibody and complement proteins attach to the target cell and enhance the
phagocyte’s ability to engulf the target cell is known as:
a. opsonization.
b. phagocytosis.
3/75
, c. the lymphoreticular system.
d. the portal circulation.
ANSS>>: A
Neutrophils are attracted to and migrate to areas of inflammation or bacterial invasion, where they
ingest and kill invading microorganisms by phagocytosis. Once phagocytes have been attracted to an
area by the release of mediators, a process called opsonization occurs, in which antibody and
complement proteins attach to the target cell and enhance the phagocyte’s ability to engulf the target
cell. When infectious organisms escape the local phagocytic responses, they may be engulfed and
destroyed in a similar fashion by the tissue macrophages within the lymphoreticular organs. The
portal circulation of the spleen and liver filters the majority of blood, where infectious organisms
can be removed before infecting the tissues.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 468
OBJ: Describe pathophysiological changes that affect hematological and immunological structure
and function. TOP: Nursing Process Step: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity
Of the four major blood components, plasma:
4/75
Questions With 100% Correct Answers And
Elaborations 2024 |Already Graded A|
The nurse is caring for a patient with cirrhosis of the liver. The nurse notes fresh blood starting to ooze
from the patient’s rectum and intravenous site. The nurse contacts the provider expecting an order for:
a. an infusion of protein S factor.
b. blood work to evaluate protein C level.
c. a laboratory test to determine factor X level.
d. vitamin K injections.
ANSS>>: D
1/75
,The coagulation factors are plasma proteins that circulate as inactive enzymes, and most are
synthesized in the liver. Vitamin K is necessary for synthesis of factors II, VII, IX, X, and protein C
and protein S (anticoagulation factors). Thus, liver disease and vitamin K deficiency are commonly
associated with impaired hemostasis.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Analysis REF: p. 470
OBJ: Describe pathophysiological changes that affect hematological and immunological structure
and function. TOP: Nursing Process Step: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity
The process by which the body actively produces cells and mediators that result in the destruction of the
antigen is called:
a. passive immunity.
b. active immunity.
c. autoimmunity.
d. recognition of self as non-self.
2/75
,ANSS>>: B
Active immunity is a term used when the body actively produces cells and mediators that result in the
destruction of the antigen. Passive immunity is that which is transferred from another person (e.g.,
maternal antibodies transferred to the newborn through the placenta). In autoimmunity, the body
abnormally sees self as non-self and an immune response is activated against those tissues.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 467
OBJ: Describe pathophysiological changes that affect hematological and immunological structure
and function. TOP: Nursing Process Step: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity
The process in which antibody and complement proteins attach to the target cell and enhance the
phagocyte’s ability to engulf the target cell is known as:
a. opsonization.
b. phagocytosis.
3/75
, c. the lymphoreticular system.
d. the portal circulation.
ANSS>>: A
Neutrophils are attracted to and migrate to areas of inflammation or bacterial invasion, where they
ingest and kill invading microorganisms by phagocytosis. Once phagocytes have been attracted to an
area by the release of mediators, a process called opsonization occurs, in which antibody and
complement proteins attach to the target cell and enhance the phagocyte’s ability to engulf the target
cell. When infectious organisms escape the local phagocytic responses, they may be engulfed and
destroyed in a similar fashion by the tissue macrophages within the lymphoreticular organs. The
portal circulation of the spleen and liver filters the majority of blood, where infectious organisms
can be removed before infecting the tissues.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 468
OBJ: Describe pathophysiological changes that affect hematological and immunological structure
and function. TOP: Nursing Process Step: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity
Of the four major blood components, plasma:
4/75
