Downloadedzby:zYongsamz|
Distributionzofzthiszdocumentziszillegal
,Chapter 1 Obtaining an Initial History z z z z z
MULTIPLE CHOICE z
1. The nurse is seeing an adolescent and the parents in the clinic for the first time. Which should the
z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z
nurse do first? z z
a. Introduce him- or herself. z z z
b. Make the family comfortable. z z z
c. Give assurance of privacy. z z z
d. Explain the purpose of the interview. z z z z z z
ANS: A z
The first thing that nurses must do is to introduce themselves to the patient and family. Parents and ot
z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z
her adults should be addressed with appropriate titles unless they specify a preferred name. Clarificat
z z z z z z z z z z z z z z
ion of the purpose of the interview and the nurses role is the second thing that should be done. During
z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z
the initial part of the interview, the nurse should include general conversation to help make the famil
z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z
y feel at ease. The interview also should take place in an environment as free of distraction as possibl
z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z
e. In addition, the nurse should clarify which information will be shared with other members of the h
z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z
ealth care team and any limits to the confidentiality.
z z z z z z z z
2. Which is considered a block to effective communication?
z z z z z z z
a. Using silence z
b. Using clichs z
c. Directing the focus z z
d. Defining the problem z z z
ANS: B z
Using stereotyped comments or clichs can block effective communication. After the nurse uses
z z z z z z z z z z z z
such trite phrases, parents often do not respond. Silence can be an effective interviewing tool. Sile
z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z
nce permits the interviewee to sort out thoughts and feelings and search for responses to questions
z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z
. To be effective, the nurse must be able to direct the focus of the interview while allowing maxim
z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z
um freedom of expression. By using open-
z z z z z z
ended questions and guiding questions, the nurse can obtain the necessary information and mainta
z z z z z z z z z z z z z
in a relationship with the family. The nurse and parent must collaborate and define the problem tha
z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z
t will be the focus of the nursing intervention.
z z z z z z z z
3. Which is the single most important factor to consider when communicating with children?
z z z z z z z z z z z z
a. Presence of the childs parent z z z z
Downloadedzby:zYongsamz|
Distributionzofzthiszdocumentziszillegal
,b. Childs physical condition
z z
c. Childs developmental level
z z
Downloadedzby:zYongsamz|
Distributionzofzthiszdocumentziszillegal
, Stuvia.comz-zThezMarketplaceztozBuyzandzSellzyourzStudyzMaterial
d. Childs nonverbal behaviors z z z
ANS: C z
The nurse must be aware of the childs developmental stage to engage in effective communication. T
z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z
he use of both verbal and nonverbal communication should be appropriate to the developmental leve
z z z z z z z z z z z z z z
l. Nonverbal behaviors vary in importance based on the childs developmental level and physical con
z z z z z z z z z z z z z z
dition. Although the childs physical condition is a consideration, developmental level is much more i
z z z z z z z z z z z z z z
mportant. The presence of parents is important when communicating with young children but may b
z z z z z z z z z z z z z z
e detrimental when speaking with adolescents.
z z z z z
4. Because children younger than 5 years are egocentric, the nurse should do which when co
z z z z z z z z z z z z z z
mmunicating with them? z z
a. Focus communication on the child. z z z z
b. Use easy analogies when possible.
z z z z
c. Explain experiences of others to the child. z z z z z z
d. Assure the child that communication is private. z z z z z z z
ANS: A z
Because children of this age are able to see things only in terms of themselves, the best approach
z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z
is to focus communication directly on them. Children should be provided with information about wh
z z z z z z z z z z z z z z
at they can do and how they will feel. With children who are egocentric, analogies, experiences, and
z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z
assurances that communication is private will not be effective because the child is not capable of und
z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z
erstanding.
5. The nurses approach when introducing hospital equipment to a preschooler who seems afraid sh
z z z z z z z z z z z z z
ould be based on which principle?
z z z z z
a. The child may think the equipment is alive. z z z z z z z
b. Explaining the equipment will only increase the childs fear. z z z z z z z z
c. One brief explanation will be enough to reduce the childs fear.
z z z z z z z z z z
d. The child is too young to understand what the equipment does. A z z z z z z z z z z z
NS: A z
Young children attribute human characteristics to inanimate objects. They often fear that the
z z z z z z z z z z z z
objects may jump, bite, cut, or pinch all by themselves without human direction. Equipment should
z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z
be kept out of sight until needed. Simple, concrete explanations about what the equipment does and h
z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z
ow it will feel will help alleviate the childs fear. Preschoolers need repeated explanations as reassura
z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z
nce.
6. When the nurse interviews an adolescent, which is especially important?
z z z z z z z z z
a. Focus the discussion on the peer group. z z z z z z
b. Allow an opportunity to express feelings.
z z z z z
c. Use the same type of language as the adolescent.
z z z z z z z z
d. Emphasize that confidentiality will always be maintained. z z z z z z z
ANS: B z
Adolescents, like all children, need opportunities to express their feelings. Often they interject
z z z z z z z z z z z z
feelings into their words. The nurse must be alert to the words and feelings expressed. The nurse
z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z
Downloadedzby:zYongsamz|
Distributionzofzthiszdocumentziszillegal
Distributionzofzthiszdocumentziszillegal
,Chapter 1 Obtaining an Initial History z z z z z
MULTIPLE CHOICE z
1. The nurse is seeing an adolescent and the parents in the clinic for the first time. Which should the
z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z
nurse do first? z z
a. Introduce him- or herself. z z z
b. Make the family comfortable. z z z
c. Give assurance of privacy. z z z
d. Explain the purpose of the interview. z z z z z z
ANS: A z
The first thing that nurses must do is to introduce themselves to the patient and family. Parents and ot
z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z
her adults should be addressed with appropriate titles unless they specify a preferred name. Clarificat
z z z z z z z z z z z z z z
ion of the purpose of the interview and the nurses role is the second thing that should be done. During
z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z
the initial part of the interview, the nurse should include general conversation to help make the famil
z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z
y feel at ease. The interview also should take place in an environment as free of distraction as possibl
z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z
e. In addition, the nurse should clarify which information will be shared with other members of the h
z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z
ealth care team and any limits to the confidentiality.
z z z z z z z z
2. Which is considered a block to effective communication?
z z z z z z z
a. Using silence z
b. Using clichs z
c. Directing the focus z z
d. Defining the problem z z z
ANS: B z
Using stereotyped comments or clichs can block effective communication. After the nurse uses
z z z z z z z z z z z z
such trite phrases, parents often do not respond. Silence can be an effective interviewing tool. Sile
z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z
nce permits the interviewee to sort out thoughts and feelings and search for responses to questions
z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z
. To be effective, the nurse must be able to direct the focus of the interview while allowing maxim
z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z
um freedom of expression. By using open-
z z z z z z
ended questions and guiding questions, the nurse can obtain the necessary information and mainta
z z z z z z z z z z z z z
in a relationship with the family. The nurse and parent must collaborate and define the problem tha
z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z
t will be the focus of the nursing intervention.
z z z z z z z z
3. Which is the single most important factor to consider when communicating with children?
z z z z z z z z z z z z
a. Presence of the childs parent z z z z
Downloadedzby:zYongsamz|
Distributionzofzthiszdocumentziszillegal
,b. Childs physical condition
z z
c. Childs developmental level
z z
Downloadedzby:zYongsamz|
Distributionzofzthiszdocumentziszillegal
, Stuvia.comz-zThezMarketplaceztozBuyzandzSellzyourzStudyzMaterial
d. Childs nonverbal behaviors z z z
ANS: C z
The nurse must be aware of the childs developmental stage to engage in effective communication. T
z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z
he use of both verbal and nonverbal communication should be appropriate to the developmental leve
z z z z z z z z z z z z z z
l. Nonverbal behaviors vary in importance based on the childs developmental level and physical con
z z z z z z z z z z z z z z
dition. Although the childs physical condition is a consideration, developmental level is much more i
z z z z z z z z z z z z z z
mportant. The presence of parents is important when communicating with young children but may b
z z z z z z z z z z z z z z
e detrimental when speaking with adolescents.
z z z z z
4. Because children younger than 5 years are egocentric, the nurse should do which when co
z z z z z z z z z z z z z z
mmunicating with them? z z
a. Focus communication on the child. z z z z
b. Use easy analogies when possible.
z z z z
c. Explain experiences of others to the child. z z z z z z
d. Assure the child that communication is private. z z z z z z z
ANS: A z
Because children of this age are able to see things only in terms of themselves, the best approach
z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z
is to focus communication directly on them. Children should be provided with information about wh
z z z z z z z z z z z z z z
at they can do and how they will feel. With children who are egocentric, analogies, experiences, and
z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z
assurances that communication is private will not be effective because the child is not capable of und
z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z
erstanding.
5. The nurses approach when introducing hospital equipment to a preschooler who seems afraid sh
z z z z z z z z z z z z z
ould be based on which principle?
z z z z z
a. The child may think the equipment is alive. z z z z z z z
b. Explaining the equipment will only increase the childs fear. z z z z z z z z
c. One brief explanation will be enough to reduce the childs fear.
z z z z z z z z z z
d. The child is too young to understand what the equipment does. A z z z z z z z z z z z
NS: A z
Young children attribute human characteristics to inanimate objects. They often fear that the
z z z z z z z z z z z z
objects may jump, bite, cut, or pinch all by themselves without human direction. Equipment should
z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z
be kept out of sight until needed. Simple, concrete explanations about what the equipment does and h
z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z
ow it will feel will help alleviate the childs fear. Preschoolers need repeated explanations as reassura
z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z
nce.
6. When the nurse interviews an adolescent, which is especially important?
z z z z z z z z z
a. Focus the discussion on the peer group. z z z z z z
b. Allow an opportunity to express feelings.
z z z z z
c. Use the same type of language as the adolescent.
z z z z z z z z
d. Emphasize that confidentiality will always be maintained. z z z z z z z
ANS: B z
Adolescents, like all children, need opportunities to express their feelings. Often they interject
z z z z z z z z z z z z
feelings into their words. The nurse must be alert to the words and feelings expressed. The nurse
z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z
Downloadedzby:zYongsamz|
Distributionzofzthiszdocumentziszillegal
