Burns’ Pediatric Primary Care (8th Ed.) — Complete Chapter-
by-Chapter Test Bank: Verified Answers & Detailed Rationales
(New Edition)
NCLEX/HESI Style Questions: Foundations of Pediatric Primary
Care
Question 1
Chapter & Subtopic: Chapter 1 – Pediatric Primary Care,
Primary Care Versus Primary Prevention
Stem: A nurse is providing education to a group of nursing
students about the core functions of pediatric primary care.
Which statement best describes the concept of primary
prevention within this setting?
Options:
A) Conducting a developmental screening during a 9-month
well-child visit.
B) Prescribing an antibiotic for a child diagnosed with acute
otitis media.
C) Administering the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR)
vaccine at 12 months of age.
D) Applying a cast for a toddler with a confirmed greenstick
fracture of the radius.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
, • Correct Answer (C): Primary prevention aims to prevent
disease or injury before it occurs. Immunizations are a
classic example of primary prevention, as they protect the
child from acquiring specific infectious diseases.
(Reference: Burns, Chapter 1, "Primary Care Versus
Primary Prevention").
• Incorrect Answers:
o A: Developmental screening is a form of secondary
prevention (screening for early detection of
problems).
o B: Treating an existing infection is tertiary prevention
(managing an established illness).
o D: Treating a fracture is tertiary prevention.
Teaching Point: Primary prevention stops disease
before it starts, with immunizations being a key
example.
Question 2
Chapter & Subtopic: Chapter 1 – Pediatric Primary Care, Unique
Issues in Pediatrics
Stem: The parent of a 4-year-old child expresses frustration that
the child will not sit still during the physical exam. Which
response by the nurse best reflects a developmentally
appropriate approach for a preschooler?
Options:
,A) "Let's have your child lie down on the exam table first so we
can be quick."
B) "It's okay, we can restrain him if necessary to get an accurate
assessment."
C) "Why don't you hold her on your lap, and we can start by
listening to the teddy bear's heart first?"
D) "We should reschedule the appointment for a time when she
is better rested and more cooperative."
Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
• Correct Answer (C): This approach uses play and a non-
threatening technique (teddy bear) to gain the child's
cooperation, which is developmentally appropriate for a
preschooler. It reduces fear and builds trust.
• Incorrect Answers:
o A: This is a direct approach that may increase anxiety
in a preschooler.
o B: Restraint should be a last resort, not a first-line
strategy.
o D: Rescheduling avoids addressing the child's
developmental needs and the reason for the visit.
Teaching Point: Using play and distraction is an
effective strategy for examining preschoolers.
, Question 3
Chapter & Subtopic: Chapter 1 – Pediatric Primary Care, Caring
for Children and Youth With Special Healthcare Needs (CYSHCN)
Stem: A nurse is coordinating care for a 10-year-old with
cerebral palsy who sees multiple specialists. The nurse knows
that the concept of a "medical home" is essential. Which
characteristic is a key component of an effective medical home?
Options:
A) Care is primarily directed by the most prominent specialist,
such as a neurologist.
B) The family receives a different care plan from each specialist
involved.
C) Care is accessible, continuous, comprehensive, family-
centered, coordinated, compassionate, and culturally effective.
D) The primary care provider manages all aspects of care
without consulting specialists.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
• Correct Answer (C): This list encompasses the core
attributes of a patient-centered medical home as defined
by the AAP, ensuring care is organized and centered
around the child and family.
• Incorrect Answers:
o A: The medical home is typically led by the primary
care provider, who coordinates with specialists.
by-Chapter Test Bank: Verified Answers & Detailed Rationales
(New Edition)
NCLEX/HESI Style Questions: Foundations of Pediatric Primary
Care
Question 1
Chapter & Subtopic: Chapter 1 – Pediatric Primary Care,
Primary Care Versus Primary Prevention
Stem: A nurse is providing education to a group of nursing
students about the core functions of pediatric primary care.
Which statement best describes the concept of primary
prevention within this setting?
Options:
A) Conducting a developmental screening during a 9-month
well-child visit.
B) Prescribing an antibiotic for a child diagnosed with acute
otitis media.
C) Administering the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR)
vaccine at 12 months of age.
D) Applying a cast for a toddler with a confirmed greenstick
fracture of the radius.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
, • Correct Answer (C): Primary prevention aims to prevent
disease or injury before it occurs. Immunizations are a
classic example of primary prevention, as they protect the
child from acquiring specific infectious diseases.
(Reference: Burns, Chapter 1, "Primary Care Versus
Primary Prevention").
• Incorrect Answers:
o A: Developmental screening is a form of secondary
prevention (screening for early detection of
problems).
o B: Treating an existing infection is tertiary prevention
(managing an established illness).
o D: Treating a fracture is tertiary prevention.
Teaching Point: Primary prevention stops disease
before it starts, with immunizations being a key
example.
Question 2
Chapter & Subtopic: Chapter 1 – Pediatric Primary Care, Unique
Issues in Pediatrics
Stem: The parent of a 4-year-old child expresses frustration that
the child will not sit still during the physical exam. Which
response by the nurse best reflects a developmentally
appropriate approach for a preschooler?
Options:
,A) "Let's have your child lie down on the exam table first so we
can be quick."
B) "It's okay, we can restrain him if necessary to get an accurate
assessment."
C) "Why don't you hold her on your lap, and we can start by
listening to the teddy bear's heart first?"
D) "We should reschedule the appointment for a time when she
is better rested and more cooperative."
Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
• Correct Answer (C): This approach uses play and a non-
threatening technique (teddy bear) to gain the child's
cooperation, which is developmentally appropriate for a
preschooler. It reduces fear and builds trust.
• Incorrect Answers:
o A: This is a direct approach that may increase anxiety
in a preschooler.
o B: Restraint should be a last resort, not a first-line
strategy.
o D: Rescheduling avoids addressing the child's
developmental needs and the reason for the visit.
Teaching Point: Using play and distraction is an
effective strategy for examining preschoolers.
, Question 3
Chapter & Subtopic: Chapter 1 – Pediatric Primary Care, Caring
for Children and Youth With Special Healthcare Needs (CYSHCN)
Stem: A nurse is coordinating care for a 10-year-old with
cerebral palsy who sees multiple specialists. The nurse knows
that the concept of a "medical home" is essential. Which
characteristic is a key component of an effective medical home?
Options:
A) Care is primarily directed by the most prominent specialist,
such as a neurologist.
B) The family receives a different care plan from each specialist
involved.
C) Care is accessible, continuous, comprehensive, family-
centered, coordinated, compassionate, and culturally effective.
D) The primary care provider manages all aspects of care
without consulting specialists.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
• Correct Answer (C): This list encompasses the core
attributes of a patient-centered medical home as defined
by the AAP, ensuring care is organized and centered
around the child and family.
• Incorrect Answers:
o A: The medical home is typically led by the primary
care provider, who coordinates with specialists.
