ANAT 6512 E3 LYMPHATIC SYSTEM
HISTOLOGY QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS 2025
What are the major functions of the lymphatic system? CORRECT ANSWER --
drain excess interstitial fluid: return excess interstitial fluid to blood stream to help maintain normal blo
od volume and prevent edema
-provide an alternative transportation route for hormones, nutrients, and waste products
-immune response: produce, maintain and distribute lymphocytes
What are the main components of the lymphatic system? CORRECT ANSWER --lymphatic vessels
-lymphocytes and variety of supporting cells
-diffuse lymphatic tissue
-lymphatic nodules
-lymph nodes
-spleen
-bone marrow
-thymus
How do lymphatic vessels begin? CORRECT ANSWER --as networks of blind-
ended capillaries in microcapillary beds
-
lymphatic capillaries form network within loose connective tissues (especially numerous beneath epithe
lium of skin and mucous membranes
What are the characteristics of lymphatic capillaries? CORRECT ANSWER --
endothelial tubes lacking continuous basal lamina, results in high permeability
-allows for entry of large molecules, antigens, cells
-
collect excess protein rich extracellular fluid from extracellular spaces (fluid referred to as lymph once it
enters lymphatic vessel
How does lymph move throughout the body? CORRECT ANSWER --
bundles of smooth muscles as vessels become larger
, -
there is no central pump in lymphatic system, it moves sluggishly; relies primarily on skeletal muscle co
mpression of vessels
-lymphatic vessels possess valves--> prevent backflow of lymph, aid in unidirectional flow
What are the two main channels of lymphatic vessels? CORRECT ANSWER --
thoracic duct: largest lymphatic vessel; drains majority of body
-right lymphatic duct: drains right upper limb, right thorax, right neck and right head
What are lymphocytes? CORRECT ANSWER --definitive cells of lymphatic system; effector cells
-3 major types of lymphocytes: B, T and NK cells
What are supporting cells? CORRECT ANSWER --
interact with lymphocytes; antigen presentation and regulation of immune responses
What are the characteristics of B lymphocytes? CORRECT ANSWER --
first recognized in Bursa of Fabricius of birds
-represent 20-30% of circulating lymphocytes
-membrane-bound B-cell receptor immunoglobulin
-activated B cells (Plasma cells) secrete non-membrane bound form of immunoglobulins= Antibodies
-Humoral immunity= secretion of antibodies into the blood upon B cell activation
What are the characteristics of T lymphocytes? CORRECT ANSWER --mature in the thymus
-represent 60-80% of circulating lymphocytes
-cell-mediated immunity- involves cell-
cell interactions and release of cytokines; directed against intracellular pathogens
-subclassified based on presence/absence of cell surface markers: CD4+ and CD8+
What are the characteristics of NK cells? CORRECT ANSWER --represent 5- 10%
of circulating lymphocytes
-potent killers of certain types of target cells, namely virally infected and malignant cells
HISTOLOGY QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS 2025
What are the major functions of the lymphatic system? CORRECT ANSWER --
drain excess interstitial fluid: return excess interstitial fluid to blood stream to help maintain normal blo
od volume and prevent edema
-provide an alternative transportation route for hormones, nutrients, and waste products
-immune response: produce, maintain and distribute lymphocytes
What are the main components of the lymphatic system? CORRECT ANSWER --lymphatic vessels
-lymphocytes and variety of supporting cells
-diffuse lymphatic tissue
-lymphatic nodules
-lymph nodes
-spleen
-bone marrow
-thymus
How do lymphatic vessels begin? CORRECT ANSWER --as networks of blind-
ended capillaries in microcapillary beds
-
lymphatic capillaries form network within loose connective tissues (especially numerous beneath epithe
lium of skin and mucous membranes
What are the characteristics of lymphatic capillaries? CORRECT ANSWER --
endothelial tubes lacking continuous basal lamina, results in high permeability
-allows for entry of large molecules, antigens, cells
-
collect excess protein rich extracellular fluid from extracellular spaces (fluid referred to as lymph once it
enters lymphatic vessel
How does lymph move throughout the body? CORRECT ANSWER --
bundles of smooth muscles as vessels become larger
, -
there is no central pump in lymphatic system, it moves sluggishly; relies primarily on skeletal muscle co
mpression of vessels
-lymphatic vessels possess valves--> prevent backflow of lymph, aid in unidirectional flow
What are the two main channels of lymphatic vessels? CORRECT ANSWER --
thoracic duct: largest lymphatic vessel; drains majority of body
-right lymphatic duct: drains right upper limb, right thorax, right neck and right head
What are lymphocytes? CORRECT ANSWER --definitive cells of lymphatic system; effector cells
-3 major types of lymphocytes: B, T and NK cells
What are supporting cells? CORRECT ANSWER --
interact with lymphocytes; antigen presentation and regulation of immune responses
What are the characteristics of B lymphocytes? CORRECT ANSWER --
first recognized in Bursa of Fabricius of birds
-represent 20-30% of circulating lymphocytes
-membrane-bound B-cell receptor immunoglobulin
-activated B cells (Plasma cells) secrete non-membrane bound form of immunoglobulins= Antibodies
-Humoral immunity= secretion of antibodies into the blood upon B cell activation
What are the characteristics of T lymphocytes? CORRECT ANSWER --mature in the thymus
-represent 60-80% of circulating lymphocytes
-cell-mediated immunity- involves cell-
cell interactions and release of cytokines; directed against intracellular pathogens
-subclassified based on presence/absence of cell surface markers: CD4+ and CD8+
What are the characteristics of NK cells? CORRECT ANSWER --represent 5- 10%
of circulating lymphocytes
-potent killers of certain types of target cells, namely virally infected and malignant cells
