BIO 171 EXAM 4 UMICH QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS 100% CORRECT!!!
Lecture 20
✔✔Lecture 20
Above-ground biomass
✔✔The total mass of all living plant material above the soil, including stems,
trunks, branches, leaves, seeds, and bark.
ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate)
✔✔A molecule that stores and provides energy in a form that all cells can use for
biological work.
Chemoautotroph
✔✔An organism that obtains energy from inorganic compounds (like hydrogen
sulfide or iron) and uses carbon dioxide as its carbon source.
Chemoheterotroph
✔✔An organism that gets both its energy and carbon from organic molecules—
examples include humans and other animals.
Cellular respiration
✔✔A biochemical process that breaks down glucose in the presence of oxygen to
produce ATP, along with water and carbon dioxide.
Formula: Glucose + O₂ → CO₂ + H₂O + ATP
,Decomposer
✔✔An organism that breaks down dead or decaying matter, recycling nutrients
back into the ecosystem.
Ecosystem
✔✔A biological system made up of all living organisms (biotic) and non-living
(abiotic) components interacting in a given environment.
Eutrophication - ANSWER✔✔excessive richness of nutrients (usually
phosphorous & nitrogen) in a body of water, usually from runoff, which causes a
dense growth of plant life and death of animal life from lack of oxygen
Food web - ANSWER✔✔many overlapping food chains in an ecosystem
freshwater - ANSWER✔✔water without salt
Gross primary productivity - ANSWER✔✔Total amount of chemical potential
(stored) energy produced by photosynthesis or chemosynthesis
Inorganic - ANSWER✔✔A molecule without carbon
Limiting nutrient - ANSWER✔✔nutrients that limits growth of primary producers
when they are in short supply (which they often are)
marine - ANSWER✔✔sea
, Net primary productivity - ANSWER✔✔gross primary productivity minus the
energy loss to metabolism and maintenance, amount available to consumers when
they eat autotrophs
Organic - ANSWER✔✔molecule with carbon
Photoautotroph - ANSWER✔✔organism that uses light energy & carbon from
CO2 to make ATP and produce organic compounds
Photoheterotroph - ANSWER✔✔An organism that uses light energy & carbon
from organic compounds to generate ATP
Photosynthesis - ANSWER✔✔carbon fixation. only in photoautotrophs. sunlight +
CO2 + H20 -> glucose + O2
Primary consumer - ANSWER✔✔organisms that eat primary producers
Primary producer - ANSWER✔✔Autotrophs or the first producers of compounds
that are later used by other organisms
Primary productivity - ANSWER✔✔rate at which organic matter is created by
producers in an ecosystem
secondary consumer - ANSWER✔✔An organism that eats primary consumers
Tertiary consumer - ANSWER✔✔top carnivore
AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS 100% CORRECT!!!
Lecture 20
✔✔Lecture 20
Above-ground biomass
✔✔The total mass of all living plant material above the soil, including stems,
trunks, branches, leaves, seeds, and bark.
ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate)
✔✔A molecule that stores and provides energy in a form that all cells can use for
biological work.
Chemoautotroph
✔✔An organism that obtains energy from inorganic compounds (like hydrogen
sulfide or iron) and uses carbon dioxide as its carbon source.
Chemoheterotroph
✔✔An organism that gets both its energy and carbon from organic molecules—
examples include humans and other animals.
Cellular respiration
✔✔A biochemical process that breaks down glucose in the presence of oxygen to
produce ATP, along with water and carbon dioxide.
Formula: Glucose + O₂ → CO₂ + H₂O + ATP
,Decomposer
✔✔An organism that breaks down dead or decaying matter, recycling nutrients
back into the ecosystem.
Ecosystem
✔✔A biological system made up of all living organisms (biotic) and non-living
(abiotic) components interacting in a given environment.
Eutrophication - ANSWER✔✔excessive richness of nutrients (usually
phosphorous & nitrogen) in a body of water, usually from runoff, which causes a
dense growth of plant life and death of animal life from lack of oxygen
Food web - ANSWER✔✔many overlapping food chains in an ecosystem
freshwater - ANSWER✔✔water without salt
Gross primary productivity - ANSWER✔✔Total amount of chemical potential
(stored) energy produced by photosynthesis or chemosynthesis
Inorganic - ANSWER✔✔A molecule without carbon
Limiting nutrient - ANSWER✔✔nutrients that limits growth of primary producers
when they are in short supply (which they often are)
marine - ANSWER✔✔sea
, Net primary productivity - ANSWER✔✔gross primary productivity minus the
energy loss to metabolism and maintenance, amount available to consumers when
they eat autotrophs
Organic - ANSWER✔✔molecule with carbon
Photoautotroph - ANSWER✔✔organism that uses light energy & carbon from
CO2 to make ATP and produce organic compounds
Photoheterotroph - ANSWER✔✔An organism that uses light energy & carbon
from organic compounds to generate ATP
Photosynthesis - ANSWER✔✔carbon fixation. only in photoautotrophs. sunlight +
CO2 + H20 -> glucose + O2
Primary consumer - ANSWER✔✔organisms that eat primary producers
Primary producer - ANSWER✔✔Autotrophs or the first producers of compounds
that are later used by other organisms
Primary productivity - ANSWER✔✔rate at which organic matter is created by
producers in an ecosystem
secondary consumer - ANSWER✔✔An organism that eats primary consumers
Tertiary consumer - ANSWER✔✔top carnivore
