PAEA EOC Test Questions And Revised Questions With 100% Correct

PAEA EOC Test Questions And Revised Questions With 100% Correct e what causes subacute thyroiditis? - ANSWER presumed to be caused by a viral infection or a postviral inflammatory process. Many patients have a history of an upper respiratory infection prior to the onset of thyroiditis seasonal incidence (higher in summer) Large-needle thyroid biopsies reveal widespread infiltration with neutrophils, lymphocytes, histiocytes and giant cells, disruption and collapse of thyroid follicles, and necrosis of thyroid follicular cells how is the diagnosis of subacute thyroiditis made? - ANSWER clinical dx neck pain, thyroid tenderness suppressed TSH T3/T4 mildly elevated if clinical dx is not certain, US can be used to distinguish subacute from Graves. Graves has increased flow and subacute has decreased flow. FNA rarely needed/used what is the first step in evaluation of a suspected thyroid nodule? - ANSWER US Apparent nodularity in Hashimoto's thyroiditis may represent focal enlargement from lymphocytic infiltrates, TSH-induced hyperplasia of follicular tissue, or a thyroid tumor. Ultrasonography may also help to distinguish among these possibilities what is the sonographic criteria for FNA of a thyroid nodule? - ANSWER Bx regardless of size if: Subcapsular locations adjacent to the recurrent laryngeal nerve or trachea Extrathyroidal extension Extrusion through rim calcifications Associated with sonographically abnormal cervical lymph nodes how would you initially treat a pt with hypertriglyceridemia? - ANSWER lifestyl changes (reduce EtOH consumption, aerobic exercise, better glycemic control) and statin Bx if > 1cm and: Irregular margins Microcalcifications Taller than wide shape Rim calcifications with extrusion of soft tissue what makes up aspirin exacerbated respiratory disease (or NSAID-exacerbated respiratory disease)? - ANSWER asthma, chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) with nasal polyposis, and acute upper and lower respiratory tract reactions symptoms of nasal congestion and bronchoconstriction typically begin 20 minutes to 3 hours after administration what type of allergy is aspirin exacerbated respiratory diseaase (AERD)? - ANSWER pseudoallergy, not IgE mediated In contrast, IgE-mediated "allergic" reactions result from the formation of antibodies against a specific drug, haptenated drug, or a group of structurally similar drugs how would you treat otitis externa? what if the TM is perforated? - ANSWER mild disease - topical acetic acid + hydrocortisone moderate disease - topical abx + steroid to cover staph and pseudomonas (first line consider quinolones (cipro) or polymyxin-neomycin to cover both) Preparations containing aminoglycosides should be avoided in ears where the integrity of the tympanic membrane cannot be confirmed Treatment approach to HSV-1? - ANSWER Acyclovir has the greatest in vitro activity against HSV-1 and HSV-2. However, famciclovir and valacyclovir have greater oral bioavailability than acyclovir and are dosed less frequently HSV-1 oral leads to gingivostomatitis. usually self limiting but treat if symptomatic. earlier the tx the better it works Pt has an acute onset of eye pain, vision blurring, and discharge. On physical exam you see dendritic lesions on the cornea. Dx? - ANSWER herpes simplex keratitis how is the dx of herpes simplex keratitis established? - ANSWER mostly clinical Dx should be made in conjunction with an ophthalmologist if dx uncertain can use detection of viral DNA via PCR testing from intraocular fluid what is the best imaging for suspected ludwig's angina or other deep neck space infections? - ANSWER CT is the imaging modality of choice Where does Ludwig angina infection most commonly arise from? - ANSWER an infected second or third mandibular molar tooth infection moves to the sublingual and submaxillary space bilaterally aggressive, rapidly spreading cellulitis, WITHOUT lymphadenopathy Pt in ED is unresponsive and noted to be in ventricular fibrillation on the monitor. What interventions should be initiated? - ANSWER intervention: unsynchronized cardioversion, start CPR Pt is newly diagnosed with WPW. What is the intervention for the following: -stable (wide complex) tachycardia -unstable -definitive - ANSWER -stable: 1st line procainamide. Amiodarone -unstable: synchronized cardioversion -definitive: radio frequency catheter ablation criteria and therapeutics for hypertensive emergency? - ANSWE R SBP > 180 and/or DBP >120 WITH EVIDENCE OF END ORGAN DAMAGE sodium nitroprusside what are some topical agents that can be used for painful external hemorrhoids? - ANSWER topical vasoactive agents: nitroglycerin (helpful for thrombosed), phenylephrine (aka prep H, relief for acute sx) topical corticosteroids for short term analgesic/inflammation relief - hydrocortisone (Anusol) local topical anesthetics for pain/pruritus (benzocaine, dibucaine) zinc oxide paste how would you treat symptomatic internal hemorrhoids? - ANS WER rubber band ligation (cannot use on external hemorrhoids, extremely painful)