NURS 6201 ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY EXAM |REAL GRADED A+
Potassium (K) - normal levels - (ANSWER)3.5-5.0 mEq/L
Sodium (Na) - normal levels - (ANSWER)136-145 mEq/L
Phosphate (PO4) - normal parameters - (ANSWER)3.0-4.5 mg/dL
Magnesium (Mg) - normal parameters - (ANSWER)1.3-2.1 mEq/L
BP - normal parameters - (ANSWER)120/80
HR - normal parameters - (ANSWER)60-100 bpm
RR - normal parameters - (ANSWER)12-20
Temp - normal parameters - (ANSWER)96.8-100.4°F
SpO2 - normal parameters - (ANSWER)>90%
ABG: pH normal - (ANSWER)7.35-7.45
ABG: CO2 normal - (ANSWER)35-45 mmHg
ABG: HCO3 normal - (ANSWER)22-26 mEq/L
ABG ROME acronym - (ANSWER)ROME- Respiratory Opposite, Metabolic Equal
RO: pH & CO2 opposite arrows= respiratory
ME: pH & HCO3- same arrows= metabolic
,NURS 6201 ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY EXAM |REAL GRADED A+
Pain assessment- gathering information - (ANSWER)Numeric scale, facial expression, body movement or
tension, breathing
COLDERR, PQRST, Faces, non-verbal assessments, non-verbal signs of pain
Pain- when to assess? - (ANSWER)During pre-treatment & pre-op
At each admission
Post-op/procedure, change in condition
With each new report of pain
At suitable intervals after each pain intervention- assess if it helped or not
Opioid analgesics- common side effects - (ANSWER)Constipation, N/V, sedation, **resp depression**,
pruritis
Narcotics - reason for hold - (ANSWER)RR < 12, Pasero sedation 3+, consider HR/BP/Mentation
Pasero sedation scale - (ANSWER)POSS (Pasero Opioid-Induced Sedation Scale)
S = normal sleep, easy to arouse
1 = awake & alert
2 = slightly drowsy, easily aroused
3 = frequently drowsy, arousable but drifts off during conversation
4 = somnolent, minimal/no response to verbal or physical stimulation
S,1,2 okay; 3-4 need to make adjustments to decrease sedation
Which of these clinical assessments would be important to monitor in a client receiving an oral opioid?
(SATA)
, NURS 6201 ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY EXAM |REAL GRADED A+
a- respiratory rate and depth
b- BUN and bilirubin levels
c- Dietary intake for the last 2 days
d- Ability to arouse and level of drowsiness
e- Monitor the number of stools - (ANSWER)A. resp rate & depth, ability to around & level of
drowsiness, monitor stools
Which clinical finding is a priority for indicating fluid volume excess?
a- BP changes from 108/78 to 140/90
b- Decrease crackles in lower lung fields
c- Pulse increase from 72bpm to 80bpm
d- Weight increase from 150lbs to 151lbs - (ANSWER)a- BP changes from 108/78 to 140/90
A client presents with RR38, HR120, crackles throughout & is anxious. Which is the appropriate
intervention?
a- Position client in Sim's position
b- Position client in High Fowlers position
c- Position client in lateral recovery position
d- Position client in Lithotomy position - (ANSWER)B- position client in High Fowlers position
ABG- pH 7.26, CO2 42, HCO3 17 - (ANSWER)Metabolic Acidosis
ABG- pH 7.49, CO2 30, HCO3 23 - (ANSWER)Respiratory Alkalosis
You are to administer Prochlorperazine 10mg IM. You have a multidose vial that has 10mL with a
concentration of 5mg/mL. How much do you draw into the syringe?
a- 1mL
Potassium (K) - normal levels - (ANSWER)3.5-5.0 mEq/L
Sodium (Na) - normal levels - (ANSWER)136-145 mEq/L
Phosphate (PO4) - normal parameters - (ANSWER)3.0-4.5 mg/dL
Magnesium (Mg) - normal parameters - (ANSWER)1.3-2.1 mEq/L
BP - normal parameters - (ANSWER)120/80
HR - normal parameters - (ANSWER)60-100 bpm
RR - normal parameters - (ANSWER)12-20
Temp - normal parameters - (ANSWER)96.8-100.4°F
SpO2 - normal parameters - (ANSWER)>90%
ABG: pH normal - (ANSWER)7.35-7.45
ABG: CO2 normal - (ANSWER)35-45 mmHg
ABG: HCO3 normal - (ANSWER)22-26 mEq/L
ABG ROME acronym - (ANSWER)ROME- Respiratory Opposite, Metabolic Equal
RO: pH & CO2 opposite arrows= respiratory
ME: pH & HCO3- same arrows= metabolic
,NURS 6201 ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY EXAM |REAL GRADED A+
Pain assessment- gathering information - (ANSWER)Numeric scale, facial expression, body movement or
tension, breathing
COLDERR, PQRST, Faces, non-verbal assessments, non-verbal signs of pain
Pain- when to assess? - (ANSWER)During pre-treatment & pre-op
At each admission
Post-op/procedure, change in condition
With each new report of pain
At suitable intervals after each pain intervention- assess if it helped or not
Opioid analgesics- common side effects - (ANSWER)Constipation, N/V, sedation, **resp depression**,
pruritis
Narcotics - reason for hold - (ANSWER)RR < 12, Pasero sedation 3+, consider HR/BP/Mentation
Pasero sedation scale - (ANSWER)POSS (Pasero Opioid-Induced Sedation Scale)
S = normal sleep, easy to arouse
1 = awake & alert
2 = slightly drowsy, easily aroused
3 = frequently drowsy, arousable but drifts off during conversation
4 = somnolent, minimal/no response to verbal or physical stimulation
S,1,2 okay; 3-4 need to make adjustments to decrease sedation
Which of these clinical assessments would be important to monitor in a client receiving an oral opioid?
(SATA)
, NURS 6201 ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY EXAM |REAL GRADED A+
a- respiratory rate and depth
b- BUN and bilirubin levels
c- Dietary intake for the last 2 days
d- Ability to arouse and level of drowsiness
e- Monitor the number of stools - (ANSWER)A. resp rate & depth, ability to around & level of
drowsiness, monitor stools
Which clinical finding is a priority for indicating fluid volume excess?
a- BP changes from 108/78 to 140/90
b- Decrease crackles in lower lung fields
c- Pulse increase from 72bpm to 80bpm
d- Weight increase from 150lbs to 151lbs - (ANSWER)a- BP changes from 108/78 to 140/90
A client presents with RR38, HR120, crackles throughout & is anxious. Which is the appropriate
intervention?
a- Position client in Sim's position
b- Position client in High Fowlers position
c- Position client in lateral recovery position
d- Position client in Lithotomy position - (ANSWER)B- position client in High Fowlers position
ABG- pH 7.26, CO2 42, HCO3 17 - (ANSWER)Metabolic Acidosis
ABG- pH 7.49, CO2 30, HCO3 23 - (ANSWER)Respiratory Alkalosis
You are to administer Prochlorperazine 10mg IM. You have a multidose vial that has 10mL with a
concentration of 5mg/mL. How much do you draw into the syringe?
a- 1mL
