Cardiology and Emergency Response: ACS, MI,
Stroke, and Pediatric Resuscitation - Questions
With Valid Solutions
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Terms in this set (258)
Acute Coronary A condition characterized by sudden reduced blood
Syndrome (ACS) flow to the heart, often leading to heart attack.
Electrodes placed on the limbs to monitor heart
Frontal Plane Leads
activity.
Right Arm (RA) One of the limb electrodes placed on the right arm.
Left Arm (LA) One of the limb electrodes placed on the left arm.
Right Leg (RL) One of the limb electrodes placed on the right leg.
Left Leg (LL) One of the limb electrodes placed on the left leg.
Memory aids for remembering electrode placements:
Mnemonics for Electrode
'Smoke over Fire, Snow over Grass' and 'Salt, Pepper,
Color
Ketchup, Lettuce'.
Electrodes placed on the chest to monitor heart
Horizontal Plane Leads
activity.
Electrode placed at the right sternal border, 4th
V1
intercostal space (ICS).
Electrode placed at the left sternal border, 4th
V2
intercostal space (ICS).
V3 Electrode placed midway between V2 and V4.
Electrode placed at the midclavicular line, 5th
V4
intercostal space (ICS).
, Electrode placed at the anterior axillary line, 5th
V5
intercostal space (ICS).
Electrode placed at the midaxillary line, 5th
V6
intercostal space (ICS).
The area of the heart that is damaged during a
Infarction Location myocardial infarction (MI), commonly affecting the left
ventricle.
Lateral Wall Affected by ischemic changes in Leads I, aVL, V5, V6.
Inferior Wall Affected by ischemic changes in Leads II, III, aVF.
Septal Wall Affected by ischemic changes in Leads V1, V2.
Anterior Wall Affected by ischemic changes in Leads V3, V4.
Characterized by an isoelectric line, R wave, S wave,
Normal EKG
and T wave.
ST segment rises greater than 1mm above the
ST Elevation
isoelectric line.
ST Depression ST segment is below the isoelectric line.
T-Wave Inversion T wave is inverted.
Abnormal Q Wave A Q wave that is wider or deeper than normal.
Deep QS Wave A very deep Q and S wave.
ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction, characterized by
STEMI ST segment elevation greater than 1mm in two or more
contiguous leads.
Non-ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction, where EKG
NSTEMI
shows no diagnostic signs of ST elevation.
Occlusive Myocardial Infarction, near or total
OMI
occlusion with insufficient collateral circulation.
Non-occlusive Myocardial Infarction, no occlusion
NOMI
with sufficient collateral circulation.
, ST depression found in leads opposite to those with
Reciprocal Changes
ST elevation.
Right Ventricular Infarct A condition suspected in all patients with inferior
(RVI) STEMI, affecting right ventricle contractility.
Characterized by diffuse ST elevation and PR
Pericarditis
depression on EKG.
Identified by vertical spikes preceding QRS complex
Ventricular Paced Rhythm
and ST segments/T waves opposite of QRS complex.
A delay of the electrical impulse in the affected
Bundle Branch Block
bundle branch, resulting in a wide and prolonged
(BBB)
QRS complex.
A series of actions that improve survival and recovery
in patients with cardiac arrest, including activation of
Chain of Survival
emergency response, high-quality CPR, defibrillation,
advanced resuscitation, and post cardiac arrest care.
Compress chest hard and fast. Place heel of hand on
lower half of sternum with heel of other hand
Chest compressions
overlapped on top. Depth: 2-2.4 inches. Rate: 100-120
compressions/minute.
Compression/Ventilation 30 compressions followed by 2 breaths.
Ratio (No advanced
airway)
Compression/Ventilation Continuous compressions with 1 breath every 6
Ratio (Advanced airway) seconds.
Allow chest to completely recoil after each
Chest recoil
compression.
Switch compressors every 2 minutes (should take no
Switch compressors
more than 5 seconds).
Minimize interruptions in Minimize interruptions in compressions to 10 seconds
compressions or less.
Avoid hyperventilation Avoid hyperventilation.
Stroke, and Pediatric Resuscitation - Questions
With Valid Solutions
Save
Terms in this set (258)
Acute Coronary A condition characterized by sudden reduced blood
Syndrome (ACS) flow to the heart, often leading to heart attack.
Electrodes placed on the limbs to monitor heart
Frontal Plane Leads
activity.
Right Arm (RA) One of the limb electrodes placed on the right arm.
Left Arm (LA) One of the limb electrodes placed on the left arm.
Right Leg (RL) One of the limb electrodes placed on the right leg.
Left Leg (LL) One of the limb electrodes placed on the left leg.
Memory aids for remembering electrode placements:
Mnemonics for Electrode
'Smoke over Fire, Snow over Grass' and 'Salt, Pepper,
Color
Ketchup, Lettuce'.
Electrodes placed on the chest to monitor heart
Horizontal Plane Leads
activity.
Electrode placed at the right sternal border, 4th
V1
intercostal space (ICS).
Electrode placed at the left sternal border, 4th
V2
intercostal space (ICS).
V3 Electrode placed midway between V2 and V4.
Electrode placed at the midclavicular line, 5th
V4
intercostal space (ICS).
, Electrode placed at the anterior axillary line, 5th
V5
intercostal space (ICS).
Electrode placed at the midaxillary line, 5th
V6
intercostal space (ICS).
The area of the heart that is damaged during a
Infarction Location myocardial infarction (MI), commonly affecting the left
ventricle.
Lateral Wall Affected by ischemic changes in Leads I, aVL, V5, V6.
Inferior Wall Affected by ischemic changes in Leads II, III, aVF.
Septal Wall Affected by ischemic changes in Leads V1, V2.
Anterior Wall Affected by ischemic changes in Leads V3, V4.
Characterized by an isoelectric line, R wave, S wave,
Normal EKG
and T wave.
ST segment rises greater than 1mm above the
ST Elevation
isoelectric line.
ST Depression ST segment is below the isoelectric line.
T-Wave Inversion T wave is inverted.
Abnormal Q Wave A Q wave that is wider or deeper than normal.
Deep QS Wave A very deep Q and S wave.
ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction, characterized by
STEMI ST segment elevation greater than 1mm in two or more
contiguous leads.
Non-ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction, where EKG
NSTEMI
shows no diagnostic signs of ST elevation.
Occlusive Myocardial Infarction, near or total
OMI
occlusion with insufficient collateral circulation.
Non-occlusive Myocardial Infarction, no occlusion
NOMI
with sufficient collateral circulation.
, ST depression found in leads opposite to those with
Reciprocal Changes
ST elevation.
Right Ventricular Infarct A condition suspected in all patients with inferior
(RVI) STEMI, affecting right ventricle contractility.
Characterized by diffuse ST elevation and PR
Pericarditis
depression on EKG.
Identified by vertical spikes preceding QRS complex
Ventricular Paced Rhythm
and ST segments/T waves opposite of QRS complex.
A delay of the electrical impulse in the affected
Bundle Branch Block
bundle branch, resulting in a wide and prolonged
(BBB)
QRS complex.
A series of actions that improve survival and recovery
in patients with cardiac arrest, including activation of
Chain of Survival
emergency response, high-quality CPR, defibrillation,
advanced resuscitation, and post cardiac arrest care.
Compress chest hard and fast. Place heel of hand on
lower half of sternum with heel of other hand
Chest compressions
overlapped on top. Depth: 2-2.4 inches. Rate: 100-120
compressions/minute.
Compression/Ventilation 30 compressions followed by 2 breaths.
Ratio (No advanced
airway)
Compression/Ventilation Continuous compressions with 1 breath every 6
Ratio (Advanced airway) seconds.
Allow chest to completely recoil after each
Chest recoil
compression.
Switch compressors every 2 minutes (should take no
Switch compressors
more than 5 seconds).
Minimize interruptions in Minimize interruptions in compressions to 10 seconds
compressions or less.
Avoid hyperventilation Avoid hyperventilation.
