Illinois pesticide general standards UPDATED ACTUAL
Questions and CORRECT Answers
1. pest any insect, mite, rodent,nematode, fungus, weed, or other plant or animal that is
injurious to the health of humans, animals, or to the environment
2. economic thresh- number of pests per plant or the amount of damage to a plant at which point
old control measures should be begun
3. economic injury break-even point at which the cost of pest control equals the revenue loss caused
level by a pest
4. aesthetic injury number of pests that might cause enough damage to the appearance of a plant
level to warrant the cost of control
5. cultural control improves crop health in order to make the crop better able to compete against
pests. for example, a dense, vigorous stand of turfgrass that has been properly
fertilized and mowed is the best defense against invading weeds. selecting plants
that are resistant to insects or disease pathogens is another cultural control practice
6. mechanical con- physically eliminates the best. hand pulling, hoeing, rotary hoeing, cultivating,
trol mowing, and aquatic weed harvesting can control weeds and minimize the needs
for herbicides
7. biological control the use of living organisms to reduce pest populations to economically acceptable
levels. insects,diseases, or parasitic plants can be used as control agents to reduce
weed competitiveness. examples for pest control-parasitic wasps to control alfalfa
weevil and b.t. to control corn borers. triploid amur carp, have been used success-
fully in some aquatic areas.
8. chemical control may be an integral part of an ipm program. quick effective short term, consider
non-chemical methods first, consider environmental impacts, apply at proper time
and site
9. plant pests are generally categorized as insects and other animals, weeds, or diseases. first
step in pest control is identification of the pest
1/9
, Illinois pesticide general standards UPDATED ACTUAL
Questions and CORRECT Answers
10. desiccants plants to be dehydrated
11. active ingredi- toxic to the pest. examples: glysophate, carbaryl, propiconazole
ents
12. inactive ingredi- example: solvent or dry carrier
ents
13. adjuvant- a chemical that modifies a pesticides physical properties and/or enhances perfor-
mance
14. spreaders help individual spray droplets spread out on the treated surface
15. stickers improve pesticide adherence to the treated surface
16. penetrant improves systematic pesticide penetration in the treated surface
17. jar test perform a jar test physical compatibility is a concern
18. selective pesti- control some related pests, but not others. example-2,4-D to control broadleaf
cides weeds in grasses
19. non-selective control all related pests. example-glyphosate to control all weeds along a fence
pesticides row
20. contact pesti- do not move within the plant. expamle-daconil fungicide, sevin insecticide,
cides gramoxone herbicide
21. systematic pesti- move within the plant. example-apron fungicide, merit insecticide, roundup her-
cides bicide
22. preharvest inter- minimum time that mush pass between application and harvest
val (PHI)
23. Spot applications
2/9
Questions and CORRECT Answers
1. pest any insect, mite, rodent,nematode, fungus, weed, or other plant or animal that is
injurious to the health of humans, animals, or to the environment
2. economic thresh- number of pests per plant or the amount of damage to a plant at which point
old control measures should be begun
3. economic injury break-even point at which the cost of pest control equals the revenue loss caused
level by a pest
4. aesthetic injury number of pests that might cause enough damage to the appearance of a plant
level to warrant the cost of control
5. cultural control improves crop health in order to make the crop better able to compete against
pests. for example, a dense, vigorous stand of turfgrass that has been properly
fertilized and mowed is the best defense against invading weeds. selecting plants
that are resistant to insects or disease pathogens is another cultural control practice
6. mechanical con- physically eliminates the best. hand pulling, hoeing, rotary hoeing, cultivating,
trol mowing, and aquatic weed harvesting can control weeds and minimize the needs
for herbicides
7. biological control the use of living organisms to reduce pest populations to economically acceptable
levels. insects,diseases, or parasitic plants can be used as control agents to reduce
weed competitiveness. examples for pest control-parasitic wasps to control alfalfa
weevil and b.t. to control corn borers. triploid amur carp, have been used success-
fully in some aquatic areas.
8. chemical control may be an integral part of an ipm program. quick effective short term, consider
non-chemical methods first, consider environmental impacts, apply at proper time
and site
9. plant pests are generally categorized as insects and other animals, weeds, or diseases. first
step in pest control is identification of the pest
1/9
, Illinois pesticide general standards UPDATED ACTUAL
Questions and CORRECT Answers
10. desiccants plants to be dehydrated
11. active ingredi- toxic to the pest. examples: glysophate, carbaryl, propiconazole
ents
12. inactive ingredi- example: solvent or dry carrier
ents
13. adjuvant- a chemical that modifies a pesticides physical properties and/or enhances perfor-
mance
14. spreaders help individual spray droplets spread out on the treated surface
15. stickers improve pesticide adherence to the treated surface
16. penetrant improves systematic pesticide penetration in the treated surface
17. jar test perform a jar test physical compatibility is a concern
18. selective pesti- control some related pests, but not others. example-2,4-D to control broadleaf
cides weeds in grasses
19. non-selective control all related pests. example-glyphosate to control all weeds along a fence
pesticides row
20. contact pesti- do not move within the plant. expamle-daconil fungicide, sevin insecticide,
cides gramoxone herbicide
21. systematic pesti- move within the plant. example-apron fungicide, merit insecticide, roundup her-
cides bicide
22. preharvest inter- minimum time that mush pass between application and harvest
val (PHI)
23. Spot applications
2/9
