Cardiology: ROSH REVIEW UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and CORRECT
Answers
1. A patient has a low-grade fever, flu-like symptoms, Strep viridans: Gram-pos-
petechiae, & a new-onset murmur. He does not have itive bacteria
a history of intravenous drug use or previous heart
valve replacement. He has bacterial endocarditis.
Cause?
2. A man with hypertension and diabetes presents with Captopril
an M I. Which med will reduce this patient's mortality
after a myocardial infarction?
3. A man with a history of M I complains of extreme Mitral regurgitation
fatigue & shortness of breath. The patient appears
pale & diaphoretic with jugular venous distention. BP
90/45, O2 sat 93%. A holosystolic murmur is detected
at the apex. Dagnosis?
4. What is an indication for elective operative repair of Aneurysm diameter more
an abdominal aortic aneurysm in asymptomatic pa- than 5.5 centimeters
tients?
5. A patient has intermittent left-sided chest pain that is 12-lead electrocardio-
elicited by physical labor or stress, lasts 2 to 5 minutes, gram
& is alleviated by rest. Labs are pending. Next step?
,6. A man has chest discomfort worsening for 2 hours & Unstable angina
not resolved with rest. P M H includes hypertension,
diabetes, & hyperlipidemia. Sublingual nitro & aspirin
325 provide partial relief. Cardiac biomarkers are nor-
mal after 3 series over 12 hours. Diagnosis?
7. What BP reading, when confirmed with repetitive 118 over 82
measurements, is consistent with stage 1 hyperten-
sion according to the 2017 American College of Cardi-
ology and American Heart Association guidelines?
8. What describes the primary physiologic dysfunction Valvular incompetence
associated with varicose veins of the lower extremi-
ties?
9. A man has elevated cholesterol and LDl. Statin therapy Liver hepatocytes
is prescribed. In what location does the mechanism of
action of statins take place?
10. What congenital heart defect is characterized by per- Patent ductus arteriosus
sistent communication between the pulmonary artery
and the aorta?
11. A man is admitted with pneumonia with sudden-onset Magnesium sulfate
dizziness and chest pain. The patient is awake and
, alert, has a rapid pulse, and BP is 110/60. ECG is con-
sistent with torsades de pointes. Treatment?
12. A cachectic smoker complains of dyspnea. He has Pulsus paradoxus: a fall
been feeling poorly for a year, with inadvertent weight in a patient's blood pres-
loss & decreased appetite. He is feeling breathless and sure during inspiration by
elevated jugular venous pulsations, decreased heart greater than 10
sounds, & cool extremities. BP 90/50. Finding consis-
tent with diagnosis?
13. What is the common clinical manifestation in patients Fever
presenting with infective endocarditis?
14. What mechanism causes paroxysmal supraventricu- Accessory electrical path-
lar tachycardia? way
15. What tick-borne disease is associated with an atri- Lyme disease
oventricular heart block?
Answers
1. A patient has a low-grade fever, flu-like symptoms, Strep viridans: Gram-pos-
petechiae, & a new-onset murmur. He does not have itive bacteria
a history of intravenous drug use or previous heart
valve replacement. He has bacterial endocarditis.
Cause?
2. A man with hypertension and diabetes presents with Captopril
an M I. Which med will reduce this patient's mortality
after a myocardial infarction?
3. A man with a history of M I complains of extreme Mitral regurgitation
fatigue & shortness of breath. The patient appears
pale & diaphoretic with jugular venous distention. BP
90/45, O2 sat 93%. A holosystolic murmur is detected
at the apex. Dagnosis?
4. What is an indication for elective operative repair of Aneurysm diameter more
an abdominal aortic aneurysm in asymptomatic pa- than 5.5 centimeters
tients?
5. A patient has intermittent left-sided chest pain that is 12-lead electrocardio-
elicited by physical labor or stress, lasts 2 to 5 minutes, gram
& is alleviated by rest. Labs are pending. Next step?
,6. A man has chest discomfort worsening for 2 hours & Unstable angina
not resolved with rest. P M H includes hypertension,
diabetes, & hyperlipidemia. Sublingual nitro & aspirin
325 provide partial relief. Cardiac biomarkers are nor-
mal after 3 series over 12 hours. Diagnosis?
7. What BP reading, when confirmed with repetitive 118 over 82
measurements, is consistent with stage 1 hyperten-
sion according to the 2017 American College of Cardi-
ology and American Heart Association guidelines?
8. What describes the primary physiologic dysfunction Valvular incompetence
associated with varicose veins of the lower extremi-
ties?
9. A man has elevated cholesterol and LDl. Statin therapy Liver hepatocytes
is prescribed. In what location does the mechanism of
action of statins take place?
10. What congenital heart defect is characterized by per- Patent ductus arteriosus
sistent communication between the pulmonary artery
and the aorta?
11. A man is admitted with pneumonia with sudden-onset Magnesium sulfate
dizziness and chest pain. The patient is awake and
, alert, has a rapid pulse, and BP is 110/60. ECG is con-
sistent with torsades de pointes. Treatment?
12. A cachectic smoker complains of dyspnea. He has Pulsus paradoxus: a fall
been feeling poorly for a year, with inadvertent weight in a patient's blood pres-
loss & decreased appetite. He is feeling breathless and sure during inspiration by
elevated jugular venous pulsations, decreased heart greater than 10
sounds, & cool extremities. BP 90/50. Finding consis-
tent with diagnosis?
13. What is the common clinical manifestation in patients Fever
presenting with infective endocarditis?
14. What mechanism causes paroxysmal supraventricu- Accessory electrical path-
lar tachycardia? way
15. What tick-borne disease is associated with an atri- Lyme disease
oventricular heart block?
