PATHO EXAM 2 WITH 100% CORRECT
ANSWERS 2025
How does oxidative stress occur?
1.
In cells that undergo transient ischemia and subsequent
resumption of circulation
2.
When estrogen stimulation results in mitotic division of breast
gland cells
3.
When a blood clot that obstructs a coronary artery causes cardiac
muscle ischemia
4.
When a cell's environment cannot support its metabolic
requirements correct answers >> 1-Oxidative stress is a form
of cell injury that occurs when free radical generation exceeds the
mechanisms of removal. Oxidative stress commonly occurs in
cells that undergo transient ischemia and subsequent resumption
of circulation.
A client is diagnosed with a condition in which the brain cells
cannot withstand low oxygen delivery long enough for cell
reversible changes to happen. Identify the condition.
1.
Organelle disruption
2.
Hypoxia
,3.
Xanthelasma
4.
Ischemic-reperfusion injury correct answers >> 2-Hypoxia is
a condition in which the body or a part of the body is deprived of
adequate oxygen. Brain cells cannot withstand hypoxia for more
than 6 minutes, whereas skeletal muscle can tolerate hypoxia for
prolonged periods.
What is the process whereby newly growing cells acquire the
specialized structure and function of the cells they replace?
1.
Apoptosis
2.
Differentiation
3.
Oxidative phosphorylation
4.
Atherosclerosis correct answers >> 2-Differentiation is the
process whereby newly growing cells acquire the specialized
structure and function of the cells that are replaced.
What is kwashiorkor?
1.
A condition seen in individuals suffering from severe protein
starvation
2.
,A condition where blood pressure within the aorta and systemic
arterial circulation is elevated
3.
A condition where prostate gland cells increase in number
because of testosterone stimulation
4.
A condition that causes defective cholesterol metabolism
correct answers >> 1-Kwashiorkor is a form of malnutrition
caused by protein deficiency in the diet.
What are the unique histological findings that represent distinct
disease processes?
1.
Histology
2.
Biopsy
3.
Autopsy
4.
None of the above correct answers >> 4-The unique
histological findings that represent distinct disease processes are
referred to as pathognomonic changes. For instance, an inflamed,
craterlike breach in the gastrointestinal mucosa is pathognomonic
for peptic ulcer disease.
A client is diagnosed with failure of the thyroid gland due to
increase in apoptotic cell death. Which condition is the client most
likely to have?
1.
, Xanthomas
2.
Hashimoto's thyroiditis
3.
Peptic ulcer
4.
Anthracosis correct answers >> 2-Hashimoto's thyroiditis is a
common autoimmune disease that causes gradual failure of the
thyroid gland because of increased apoptotic cell death.
Which field involves harvesting of embryonic stem cells and
performing nuclear transfer on these cells?
1.
Reproductive cloning
2.
Restoration with stem cells
3.
Transplantation
4.
Therapeutic cloning correct answers >> 4-Therapeutic
cloning is a field that involves harvesting of embryonic stem cells
and performing nuclear transfer on these cells.
A nurse observes that a client has developed a foul odor in the
spots where necrosis of tissue has developed. What organism
causes the emission of this foul odor?
1.
ANSWERS 2025
How does oxidative stress occur?
1.
In cells that undergo transient ischemia and subsequent
resumption of circulation
2.
When estrogen stimulation results in mitotic division of breast
gland cells
3.
When a blood clot that obstructs a coronary artery causes cardiac
muscle ischemia
4.
When a cell's environment cannot support its metabolic
requirements correct answers >> 1-Oxidative stress is a form
of cell injury that occurs when free radical generation exceeds the
mechanisms of removal. Oxidative stress commonly occurs in
cells that undergo transient ischemia and subsequent resumption
of circulation.
A client is diagnosed with a condition in which the brain cells
cannot withstand low oxygen delivery long enough for cell
reversible changes to happen. Identify the condition.
1.
Organelle disruption
2.
Hypoxia
,3.
Xanthelasma
4.
Ischemic-reperfusion injury correct answers >> 2-Hypoxia is
a condition in which the body or a part of the body is deprived of
adequate oxygen. Brain cells cannot withstand hypoxia for more
than 6 minutes, whereas skeletal muscle can tolerate hypoxia for
prolonged periods.
What is the process whereby newly growing cells acquire the
specialized structure and function of the cells they replace?
1.
Apoptosis
2.
Differentiation
3.
Oxidative phosphorylation
4.
Atherosclerosis correct answers >> 2-Differentiation is the
process whereby newly growing cells acquire the specialized
structure and function of the cells that are replaced.
What is kwashiorkor?
1.
A condition seen in individuals suffering from severe protein
starvation
2.
,A condition where blood pressure within the aorta and systemic
arterial circulation is elevated
3.
A condition where prostate gland cells increase in number
because of testosterone stimulation
4.
A condition that causes defective cholesterol metabolism
correct answers >> 1-Kwashiorkor is a form of malnutrition
caused by protein deficiency in the diet.
What are the unique histological findings that represent distinct
disease processes?
1.
Histology
2.
Biopsy
3.
Autopsy
4.
None of the above correct answers >> 4-The unique
histological findings that represent distinct disease processes are
referred to as pathognomonic changes. For instance, an inflamed,
craterlike breach in the gastrointestinal mucosa is pathognomonic
for peptic ulcer disease.
A client is diagnosed with failure of the thyroid gland due to
increase in apoptotic cell death. Which condition is the client most
likely to have?
1.
, Xanthomas
2.
Hashimoto's thyroiditis
3.
Peptic ulcer
4.
Anthracosis correct answers >> 2-Hashimoto's thyroiditis is a
common autoimmune disease that causes gradual failure of the
thyroid gland because of increased apoptotic cell death.
Which field involves harvesting of embryonic stem cells and
performing nuclear transfer on these cells?
1.
Reproductive cloning
2.
Restoration with stem cells
3.
Transplantation
4.
Therapeutic cloning correct answers >> 4-Therapeutic
cloning is a field that involves harvesting of embryonic stem cells
and performing nuclear transfer on these cells.
A nurse observes that a client has developed a foul odor in the
spots where necrosis of tissue has developed. What organism
causes the emission of this foul odor?
1.
