MICR 290 - Final Exam Review
5' 3' Frame 1 - ANS-Most likely to contain a gene as it has the longest open reading frame.
Advantages of pipetting - ANS-Easily do away with infected suggestions, accurate
measurement.
Aeration and bacterial increase - ANS-Some bacteria grow first-rate is the presence of
excessive oxygen stages, other bacteria are anaerobic and do not need oxygen to grow.
Affinity Chromatography - ANS-Based on particular binding interactions between proteins and
chromatographic resin.
Aminoglycosides - ANS-Antibiotics which target the bacterial ribosome via impacting its capacity
to study mRNA which results in the manufacturing of proteins with wrong amino acid sequences
or proteins that are truncated.
Annealing Temperature 50-65 - ANS-Temperature is decreased to the point at which the primers
bind to the template.
Antibiotic Target: Bacterial Cell Wall - ANS-Most eukaryotic cells do now not have a cells nicely.
Some antibiotics inhibit enzymes concerned in synthesizing the cell wall, at the same time as
others bind to chemical intermediates that are required for its synthesis.
Antibiotic Target: Metabolite Synthesis - ANS-Target enzymes worried in the synthesis of
important metabolites i.E. Folic acid is a coenzyme required for the synthesis of nucleic acids
and some amino acids. Humans gather folic acid from our food regimen and do now not use the
biosynthetic pathway that bacterial cells do.
Antibiotic Target: Nucleic Acid Synthesis - ANS-Antibiotics act by using inhibiting enzymes
together with DNA gyrase which can be concerned in DNA replication and RNA polymerase
that's concerned in transcription.
Antigen - ANS-Proteins that bind with high affinity and specificity to an antigen.
Aseptic Technique - ANS-Strategies and methods designed to create a sterile environment.
B-galactosidase - ANS-Enzyme worried within the digestion of lactose and converts the
chemical X-gal into an indigo dye.
B-Lactam Antibiotics - ANS-Include penicillins, cephalosporins, and carbapenems. Contain a
4-membered ring containing an amide useful organization known as B-lactam. They goal
, transpeptidases which weakens the cellular wall, main to its degradation and to the loss of life of
the bacterial cellular.
Bacilli (bacillus) - ANS-Rod-fashioned
Bactericidal Agents - ANS-Directly kill bacterial cells.
Bacteriostatic Agents - ANS-Prevent bacterial cells from developing and replicating. Although
they do not without delay kill micro organism, their inhibitory interest can also allow for host
immune defenses to kill bacterial cells.
Basic Local Alignment Search Tool - ANS-Measures the extent of similarities among special
sequences of nucleotides or amino acids. A query is entered and as compared in opposition to
a database of regarded sequences.
Beer-Lambert Law - ANS-A = extinction coefficient x path duration x concentration
Bicinchoninic Acid Assay - ANS-Uses copper (II) ions and bicinchoninic acid to degree the
concentration of protein in a pattern.
Binary Fission - ANS-The 2 offspring cells each inherit a replica of the chromosome. This switch
of genetic material from determine cells to their offspring is called vertical gene switch.
Blood Agar - ANS-A complicated strong media containing blood. Some micro organism lyse
RBCs, therefore those colonies are surrounded through a clear area. Other bacteria smash
hemoglobin to give a greenish by-product.
Blue-White Screening - ANS-Identifies bacteria transformed with self-ligated vectors in which
the more than one cloning website is within the middle of the lacZ gene which encodes for the
enzyme B-galactosidase.
Bradford Assay - ANS-Measure the alternate in shade of Coomassie Brillant Blue G-250 within
the presence of protein.
Buffers - ANS-A mixture of a weak acid and its conjugate base and help an answer withstand
adjustments in pH while acid or base is added.
Capillary Electrophoresis - ANS-Used to examine the fluorescently-categorized DNA and may
separate DNA strands in step with length: smaller strands tour extra quick and skip via a
detector which generates an electropherogram.
Capsule - ANS-Some bacteria have an extra gelatinous layer masking outside the cell
membranes, generally made from polysaccharides. This protects bacteria from immune cells.
5' 3' Frame 1 - ANS-Most likely to contain a gene as it has the longest open reading frame.
Advantages of pipetting - ANS-Easily do away with infected suggestions, accurate
measurement.
Aeration and bacterial increase - ANS-Some bacteria grow first-rate is the presence of
excessive oxygen stages, other bacteria are anaerobic and do not need oxygen to grow.
Affinity Chromatography - ANS-Based on particular binding interactions between proteins and
chromatographic resin.
Aminoglycosides - ANS-Antibiotics which target the bacterial ribosome via impacting its capacity
to study mRNA which results in the manufacturing of proteins with wrong amino acid sequences
or proteins that are truncated.
Annealing Temperature 50-65 - ANS-Temperature is decreased to the point at which the primers
bind to the template.
Antibiotic Target: Bacterial Cell Wall - ANS-Most eukaryotic cells do now not have a cells nicely.
Some antibiotics inhibit enzymes concerned in synthesizing the cell wall, at the same time as
others bind to chemical intermediates that are required for its synthesis.
Antibiotic Target: Metabolite Synthesis - ANS-Target enzymes worried in the synthesis of
important metabolites i.E. Folic acid is a coenzyme required for the synthesis of nucleic acids
and some amino acids. Humans gather folic acid from our food regimen and do now not use the
biosynthetic pathway that bacterial cells do.
Antibiotic Target: Nucleic Acid Synthesis - ANS-Antibiotics act by using inhibiting enzymes
together with DNA gyrase which can be concerned in DNA replication and RNA polymerase
that's concerned in transcription.
Antigen - ANS-Proteins that bind with high affinity and specificity to an antigen.
Aseptic Technique - ANS-Strategies and methods designed to create a sterile environment.
B-galactosidase - ANS-Enzyme worried within the digestion of lactose and converts the
chemical X-gal into an indigo dye.
B-Lactam Antibiotics - ANS-Include penicillins, cephalosporins, and carbapenems. Contain a
4-membered ring containing an amide useful organization known as B-lactam. They goal
, transpeptidases which weakens the cellular wall, main to its degradation and to the loss of life of
the bacterial cellular.
Bacilli (bacillus) - ANS-Rod-fashioned
Bactericidal Agents - ANS-Directly kill bacterial cells.
Bacteriostatic Agents - ANS-Prevent bacterial cells from developing and replicating. Although
they do not without delay kill micro organism, their inhibitory interest can also allow for host
immune defenses to kill bacterial cells.
Basic Local Alignment Search Tool - ANS-Measures the extent of similarities among special
sequences of nucleotides or amino acids. A query is entered and as compared in opposition to
a database of regarded sequences.
Beer-Lambert Law - ANS-A = extinction coefficient x path duration x concentration
Bicinchoninic Acid Assay - ANS-Uses copper (II) ions and bicinchoninic acid to degree the
concentration of protein in a pattern.
Binary Fission - ANS-The 2 offspring cells each inherit a replica of the chromosome. This switch
of genetic material from determine cells to their offspring is called vertical gene switch.
Blood Agar - ANS-A complicated strong media containing blood. Some micro organism lyse
RBCs, therefore those colonies are surrounded through a clear area. Other bacteria smash
hemoglobin to give a greenish by-product.
Blue-White Screening - ANS-Identifies bacteria transformed with self-ligated vectors in which
the more than one cloning website is within the middle of the lacZ gene which encodes for the
enzyme B-galactosidase.
Bradford Assay - ANS-Measure the alternate in shade of Coomassie Brillant Blue G-250 within
the presence of protein.
Buffers - ANS-A mixture of a weak acid and its conjugate base and help an answer withstand
adjustments in pH while acid or base is added.
Capillary Electrophoresis - ANS-Used to examine the fluorescently-categorized DNA and may
separate DNA strands in step with length: smaller strands tour extra quick and skip via a
detector which generates an electropherogram.
Capsule - ANS-Some bacteria have an extra gelatinous layer masking outside the cell
membranes, generally made from polysaccharides. This protects bacteria from immune cells.
