Summary Life Sciences: Endocrine

This study guide gives a clear overview of the human endocrine system for Grade 12 Life Sciences. It is designed for quick and focused revision. Inside, you’ll find: • What the endocrine system is – a system of glands that secrete hormones into the blood to regulate body functions. • Major endocrine glands and their hormones: • Hypothalamus & Pituitary (master control) • Thyroid & Parathyroid • Pancreas (insulin & glucagon) • Adrenal glands (adrenaline, cortisol) • Ovaries & Testes (sex hormones) • Functions of hormones – growth, metabolism, reproduction, stress response, blood sugar control. • Homeostasis and feedback mechanisms (e.g. negative feedback in blood sugar regulation, thyroid regulation). • Common disorders linked to the endocrine system: diabetes, hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, growth disorders. The notes are kept short and clear, making it easy to compare glands, hormones, and their effects.