TEST BANK Understanding Pathophysiology 7th Edition By Huether, McCance & Brashers ,All Chapters

,Chapter 1. Cellular Biologynn nn nn




MULTIPLE CHOICE nn




1. A student is observing a cell under the microscope. It is observed to have supercoiled
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nn DNA with histones. Which of the following would also be observed by the student?
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a. A single circular chromosome
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b. A nucleus nn




c. Free-floating nuclear material nn nn




d. No organelles nn




ANS: B nn




The cell described is a eukaryotic cell, so it has histones and a supercoiled DNA within
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nn its nucleus; thus, the nucleus should be observed.
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A single circular chromosome is characteristic of prokaryotic cells, which do not have histones.
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Free-floating nuclear material describes a prokaryotic cell, which would not have a distinct
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nn nucleus.

Eukaryotic cells have membrane bounded cellular components called organelles. No organelles
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nn describes a prokaryotic cell. nn nn nn




2. A nurse is instructing the staff about cellular functions. Which cellular function is the
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nurse describing when an isolated cell absorbs oxygen and uses it to transform
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nn nutrients to energy? nn nn




a. Metabolic absorption nn




b. Communication
c. Secretion
d. Respiration

,ANS: D nn




The ability of the cell to absorb oxygen refers to the cells function of respiration.
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The ability of the cell to function within a society of cells refers to its function of
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nn communication.

The ability of the cell to take in nutrients refers to the cells function of metabolic absorption.
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The ability of the cell to synthesize new substances and secrete these elsewhere refers to the
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nn cells function of secretion.
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3. A eukaryotic cell is undergoing DNA replication. In which region of the cell would
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nn most of the genetic information be contained?
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a. Mitochondria
b. Ribosome
c. Nucleolus
d. Nucleus


ANS: C nn




The region of the cell that contains genetic material, including a large amount of
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ribonucleic acid, most of the DNA, and DNA-binding proteins, is the nucleolus.
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The mitochondria is the site of cellular respiration.
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The ribosomes are involved in manufacturing of proteins within the cell.
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The nucleus contains the nucleolus, and it is the nucleolus that contains genetic material.
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4. The fluid mosaic model for biologic membranes describes membrane behavior.
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nn According to this model, which of the following float singly or as aggregates in the fluid
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nn lipid bilayer?
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a. Peripheral membrane proteins nn nn




b. Integral membrane proteinsnn nn

, c. Glycoproteins
d. Cell adhesion molecules
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ANS: B nn




Integral membrane proteins float freely in the fluid lipid bilayer.
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Peripheral membrane proteins are not embedded in the layer, but reside at the surface.
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nn Glycoproteins act as cell surface markers. nn nn nn nn nn




Cell adhesion molecules are on the outside of the membrane and allow cells to hook together.
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5. Which of the following can bind to plasma membrane receptors?
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a. Oxygen
b. Ribosomes
c. Amphipathic lipids nn




d. Ligands


ANS: D nn




Ligands are specific molecules that can bind with receptors on the cell membrane.
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nn Oxygen moves by diffusion; it does not bind to receptors.
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Ribosomes make proteins and are not involved in
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binding. Amphipathic lipids are a portion of the cell
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nn membrane.

6. A nurse is reviewing a report from a patient with metastatic cancer. What finding
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nn would support the diagnosis of metastatic cancer? Alterations in extracellular matrix
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that include:
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a. Decreased fibronectin nn




b. Increased collagen nn




c. Decreased elastin nn