Carleton University:NEUR 1202/ NEUR 1202C Worksheet 1: Module 1 and 2 | Answered 2025/26.

NEUR 1202C Worksheet 1: Module 1 & 2 Multiple Choice 1. Which of the following are not risk factors for mental illness? A. Genes B. Stressors C. Video games D. Environmental factors 2. The medical model of mental illness: A. Attributes mental illness to the complex interaction of biological, psychological, and social factors B. Views mental illness as coming from an underlying physiological, biological, or genetic cause C. Associates mental illness with witches, demons, and evil spirits D. Takes only biological and social factors into consideration 3. Which of the following is not true about hormones? A. Hormones can change behaviour, but behaviours cannot change hormone levels B. Hormones act in a gradual fashion, slower than neural signalling C. A hormone can have multiple effects while one behaviour can be affected by multiple hormones D. Hormones change the probability or intensity of a behaviour 4. Which term does not match with its definition? A. Etiology: What caused the illness? B. DSM-5: The Dictionary of Scientific Modalities, 5th edition. It lists and describes multiple neuroscientific processes and techniques. C. Prognosis: What results from a person having this illness? D. Diagnosis: What is the illness in question? 5. Which of the following regions do not match up with their role? A. Occipital lobe - Vision B. Hippocampus – Fear, memory C. Temporal Lobe - Taste D. Brainstem - Breathing 6. are large collections of in the . A. Tract; dendrites; CNS B. Tract; axons; PNS C. Nerve; dendrites; CNS D. Nerve; axons; PNS 7. The resting membrane potential of a neuron is mV. During an action potential, the potential is mV A. +70mV, +30mV B. -30mV, +70mV C. -70mV, -30mV D. -70mV, +30mV 8. In a neuron, information flows in the following direction: A. Axon axon terminal dendrite cell body B. Cell body dendrite axon axon terminal C. Dendrite axon cell body axon terminal D. Dendrite cell body axon axon terminal 9. The Peripheral Nervous System is composed of: A. The brain and spinal cord B. The Somatic Nervous System and spinal cord C. The Somatic Nervous System and Autonomic Nervous System D. The brain and autonomic nervous system 10. A difference between post-synaptic potentials (PSPs) and Action Potentials is that: A. PSPs are graded B. Action potentials will fire if the threshold voltage is reached, however PSPs don’t cause the cell to fire C. PSPs can be inhibitory or excitatory while action potentials are always excitatory D. All of the above 11. When the is inhibited by stress, we may give in to behaviours. A. Prefrontal cortex, impulsive B. Hippocampus, child-like C. Prefrontal cortex, altruistic D. Hippocampus, depressive-like 12. Which of the following is a similarity between hormones and neural signalling? A. Neurotransmitters and hormones bind to receptors to stimulate the target cells B. Neural and hormonal messages both travel rapidly within milliseconds C. Neural and hormonal messages both travel to specific destinations D. Neural and hormonal messages are always involuntary 13. The pituitary is connected to the hypothalamus by blood vessels while the pituitary is directly connected to the hypothalamus by axons A. Posterior, Anterior B. Anterior, Posterior C. Dorsal, Ventral D. Ventral, Dorsal 14. Synaptic transmission occurs through the following order; A. Ion channels open, causing a PSP Neurotransmitters bind to receptors Axon potential stimulates release Neurotransmitters made/stored B. Neurotransmitters bind to receptors Axon potential stimulates release Neurotransmitters made/stored Ion channels open, causing a PSP. C. Neurotransmitters made/stored Axon potential stimulates release Neurotransmitters bind to receptors Ion channels open, causing a PSP. D. Axon potential stimulates release Neurotransmitters made/stored Neurotransmitters bind to receptors Ion channels open, causing a PSP. 15. Which of the following is a major class of neurotransmitter? A. Dopamine B. Vasopressin C. Glutamate D. Amino acids Short Answers 1. Draw and label the anatomy of a neuron. Describe each structure’s purpose. A: Dendrite B: Nucleus C: Cell Body D: Axon Hillock E: Myelin Sheath F: Schwann Cell G: Axon/Node of Ranvier H: Axon Terminal 2. What is the action potential? Be specific and include relevant ions. Fires when the threshold of the membrane potential from its default -70mV reaches -55mV and then increases steeply to +30mV as the membrane is exited and the ion gate is opened and accepts positive ions such as Ca+. 3. Describe the 3 basic ways that hormones can affect organs and give a brief example for each. Hormones may promote proliferation, growth, and differentiation of cells. Example: Growth hormone promotes growth of the long bones (during childhood and adolescence). Hormones may modulate cell activity and metabolism. Example: Insulin increases glucose uptake by muscle, fat, and liver. Example: Thyroid hormones increase glucose and fat metabolism in all tissue. Hormones may modulate hormone secretion from endocrine glands. Example: ACTH causes the release of cortisol from the adrenal glands. Example: Negative feedback.