NR509 FINAL EXAM PREP 2025/2026
QUESTIONS BANK AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES ||
100% GUARANTEED PASS
<LATEST VERSION>
1. When performing a physical assessment, the first technique the nurse will
always use
A. Palpation
B. Inspection
C. Percussion
D. Auscultation - ANSWER ✔ B. Inspection
2. The nurse is preparing to perform a physical assessment. Which statement is
true about the physical assessment? The inspection phase:
A. Usually yields little information
B. Takes time and reveals a surprising amount of information
C. May be somewhat uncomfortable for the expert practitioner
D. Requires a quick glance at the patient's body systems before
proceeding with palpation - ANSWER ✔ B. Takes time and reveals a
surprising amount of information
3. The nurse is assessing a patient's skin during an office visit. What part of the
hand and technique should be used to best assess the patient's skin
temperature?
A. Fingertips; they are more sensitive to small changes in temperature
B. Dorsal surface of the hand; the skin is thinner on this surface than on
the palms
C. Ulnar portion of the hand, increased blood supply in this area
enhances temperature sensitivity
D. Palmar surface of the hand; this surface is the most sensitive to
temperature variations because of its increased nerve supply in this
, area. - ANSWER ✔ B. Dorsal surface of the hand; the skin is thinner
on this surface than on the palms
4. Which of these techniques uses the sense of touch to assess texture,
temperature, moisture, and swelling when the nurse is assessing a patient?
A. Palpation
B. Inspection
C. Percussion
D. Auscultation - ANSWER ✔ A. Palpation
5. Know that in a 47-year-old man ED is usually ___________ rather than
testosterone - ANSWER ✔ psychologic
6. Erectile dysfunction may be from psychogenic causes, especially if -
ANSWER ✔ early morning erection is preserved.
7. it may also reflect decreased testosterone, decreased blood flow in the
hypogastric arterial system, impaired neural innervation, and diabetes
8. When performing a breast exam, know what abnormal masses should do
when the arm - ANSWER ✔ may be fixed to skin or underlying tissues (may
cause dimpling of skin or retraction when arms are lifted over head or hands
are pressed against hips)
9. Fibroadenoma and cysts mobility - ANSWER ✔ very mobile/mobile
10.Know that a high proportion of breast masses are noted during ________ -
ANSWER ✔ BSE
11.Breast stage 1 - ANSWER ✔ preadolescent- elevation of nipple only
12.Breast stage 2 - ANSWER ✔ breast bud stage- elevation of breast and nipple
as a small mound; enlargement of areolar diameter
13.breast stage 3 - ANSWER ✔ further enlargement of elevation of breast and
areola, with no separation of their contours
14.breast stage 4 - ANSWER ✔ projection of areola and nipple to form a
secondary mound above the level of breast
,15.breast stage 5 - ANSWER ✔ mature stage- projection of nipple only; areola
has receded to general contour of the breast (although in some individuals
the areola continues to form a secondary mound)
16.Know where pain is located with pancreatitis: acute - ANSWER ✔
epigastric, may radiation straight to the back of other areas of the abdomen;
20% with severe sequelae of organ failure
17.Know where pain is located with pancreatitis: chronic - ANSWER ✔
epigastric, radiating to back
18.Know how hepatitis A is transmitted - ANSWER ✔ Transmitted through
fecal-oral route. Fecal shedding followed by poor handwashing contaminates
water and foods leading to infection of household and sexual contacts
19.The nurse is preparing to assess a patient's abdomen by palpation. How
should the nurse proceed?
A. Palpation of reportedly tender areas are avoided because palpation in
these areas may cause pain
B. Palpating a tender area is quickly performed to avoid any discomfort
that the patient may experience
C. The assessment begins with deep palpation, while encouraging the
patient to relax and to take deep breaths.
D. The assessment begins with light palpation to detect surface
characteristics and to accustom the patient to being touched. -
ANSWER ✔ D. The assessment begins with light palpation to detect
surface characteristics and to accustom the patient to being touched.
20.The nurse would use bimanual palpation technique in which situation?
A. Palpating the thorax of an infant
B. Palpating the kidneys and the uterus
C. Assessing pulsations and vibrations
D. Assessing the presence of tenderness and pain - ANSWER ✔ B.
Palpating the kidneys and the uterus
21.A 65-year-old man is admitted to the Cardiac Intensive Care Unit with
decompensated heart failure. On physical examination, the patient is cool to
touch, heart sounds are regular in rate and rhythm, the neck veins are
elevated 8 cm above the sternal angle, diffuse crackles are heard in the
, lungs, and there is 2+ pitting edema to the knee. What would you expect
with palpation of the peripheral pulses? - ANSWER ✔ The answer is small,
weak pulses. This patient is presenting with decompensated heart failure and
has increased peripheral resistance as evidenced by being cool to touch.
Small, weak pulses are often indicative of increased peripheral resistance in
severe heart failure.
22.A first-year medical student is examining a standardized patient. The patient
has a murmur that coincides with the carotid upstroke. What is the most
likely cause of this murmur? - ANSWER ✔ The answer is aortic stenosis..
Palpation of the carotid artery is helpful to differentiate S1 from S2. As the
carotid upstroke always occurs in systole immediately after S1, sounds or
murmurs coinciding with the upstroke are systolic and sounds or murmurs
occurring after completion of the upstroke are diastolic. In this case, the
murmur occurs with the carotid upstroke and is therefore systolic.
23.Diastolic murmurs - ANSWER ✔ Aortic insufficiency, mitral stenosis,
tricuspid stenosis, and pulmonic regurgitation
24.A first-year medical student recently received his stethoscope and is utilizing
only the diaphragm for cardiac auscultation. Which of the following sounds
is this student most likely to miss? - ANSWER ✔ The answer is mitral
stenosis. The bell of the stethoscope is more sensitive in auscultating low-
pitched sounds such as mitral stenosis
25.The diaphragm is better at discerning - ANSWER ✔ high-pitched sounds
such as S1, aortic regurgitation, and mitral regurgitation, and pericardial
friction rubs.
26.A 42-year-old woman with an enlarged ascending aorta is undergoing a
preoperative physical examination. On examination, blood pressure is
130/40 mmHg and there is a blowing, decrescendo diastolic murmur heard
best at the left second interspace. Which of the following would be the
expected finding with the carotid pulse? - ANSWER ✔ The answer is large,
bounding. Patients with an enlarged ascending aorta often also have aortic
insufficiency. This patient has physical examination findings associated with
aortic insufficiency including a widened pulse pressure and cardiac murmur.
Given the widened pulse pressure, the carotid pulse is described as large and
bounding.
QUESTIONS BANK AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES ||
100% GUARANTEED PASS
<LATEST VERSION>
1. When performing a physical assessment, the first technique the nurse will
always use
A. Palpation
B. Inspection
C. Percussion
D. Auscultation - ANSWER ✔ B. Inspection
2. The nurse is preparing to perform a physical assessment. Which statement is
true about the physical assessment? The inspection phase:
A. Usually yields little information
B. Takes time and reveals a surprising amount of information
C. May be somewhat uncomfortable for the expert practitioner
D. Requires a quick glance at the patient's body systems before
proceeding with palpation - ANSWER ✔ B. Takes time and reveals a
surprising amount of information
3. The nurse is assessing a patient's skin during an office visit. What part of the
hand and technique should be used to best assess the patient's skin
temperature?
A. Fingertips; they are more sensitive to small changes in temperature
B. Dorsal surface of the hand; the skin is thinner on this surface than on
the palms
C. Ulnar portion of the hand, increased blood supply in this area
enhances temperature sensitivity
D. Palmar surface of the hand; this surface is the most sensitive to
temperature variations because of its increased nerve supply in this
, area. - ANSWER ✔ B. Dorsal surface of the hand; the skin is thinner
on this surface than on the palms
4. Which of these techniques uses the sense of touch to assess texture,
temperature, moisture, and swelling when the nurse is assessing a patient?
A. Palpation
B. Inspection
C. Percussion
D. Auscultation - ANSWER ✔ A. Palpation
5. Know that in a 47-year-old man ED is usually ___________ rather than
testosterone - ANSWER ✔ psychologic
6. Erectile dysfunction may be from psychogenic causes, especially if -
ANSWER ✔ early morning erection is preserved.
7. it may also reflect decreased testosterone, decreased blood flow in the
hypogastric arterial system, impaired neural innervation, and diabetes
8. When performing a breast exam, know what abnormal masses should do
when the arm - ANSWER ✔ may be fixed to skin or underlying tissues (may
cause dimpling of skin or retraction when arms are lifted over head or hands
are pressed against hips)
9. Fibroadenoma and cysts mobility - ANSWER ✔ very mobile/mobile
10.Know that a high proportion of breast masses are noted during ________ -
ANSWER ✔ BSE
11.Breast stage 1 - ANSWER ✔ preadolescent- elevation of nipple only
12.Breast stage 2 - ANSWER ✔ breast bud stage- elevation of breast and nipple
as a small mound; enlargement of areolar diameter
13.breast stage 3 - ANSWER ✔ further enlargement of elevation of breast and
areola, with no separation of their contours
14.breast stage 4 - ANSWER ✔ projection of areola and nipple to form a
secondary mound above the level of breast
,15.breast stage 5 - ANSWER ✔ mature stage- projection of nipple only; areola
has receded to general contour of the breast (although in some individuals
the areola continues to form a secondary mound)
16.Know where pain is located with pancreatitis: acute - ANSWER ✔
epigastric, may radiation straight to the back of other areas of the abdomen;
20% with severe sequelae of organ failure
17.Know where pain is located with pancreatitis: chronic - ANSWER ✔
epigastric, radiating to back
18.Know how hepatitis A is transmitted - ANSWER ✔ Transmitted through
fecal-oral route. Fecal shedding followed by poor handwashing contaminates
water and foods leading to infection of household and sexual contacts
19.The nurse is preparing to assess a patient's abdomen by palpation. How
should the nurse proceed?
A. Palpation of reportedly tender areas are avoided because palpation in
these areas may cause pain
B. Palpating a tender area is quickly performed to avoid any discomfort
that the patient may experience
C. The assessment begins with deep palpation, while encouraging the
patient to relax and to take deep breaths.
D. The assessment begins with light palpation to detect surface
characteristics and to accustom the patient to being touched. -
ANSWER ✔ D. The assessment begins with light palpation to detect
surface characteristics and to accustom the patient to being touched.
20.The nurse would use bimanual palpation technique in which situation?
A. Palpating the thorax of an infant
B. Palpating the kidneys and the uterus
C. Assessing pulsations and vibrations
D. Assessing the presence of tenderness and pain - ANSWER ✔ B.
Palpating the kidneys and the uterus
21.A 65-year-old man is admitted to the Cardiac Intensive Care Unit with
decompensated heart failure. On physical examination, the patient is cool to
touch, heart sounds are regular in rate and rhythm, the neck veins are
elevated 8 cm above the sternal angle, diffuse crackles are heard in the
, lungs, and there is 2+ pitting edema to the knee. What would you expect
with palpation of the peripheral pulses? - ANSWER ✔ The answer is small,
weak pulses. This patient is presenting with decompensated heart failure and
has increased peripheral resistance as evidenced by being cool to touch.
Small, weak pulses are often indicative of increased peripheral resistance in
severe heart failure.
22.A first-year medical student is examining a standardized patient. The patient
has a murmur that coincides with the carotid upstroke. What is the most
likely cause of this murmur? - ANSWER ✔ The answer is aortic stenosis..
Palpation of the carotid artery is helpful to differentiate S1 from S2. As the
carotid upstroke always occurs in systole immediately after S1, sounds or
murmurs coinciding with the upstroke are systolic and sounds or murmurs
occurring after completion of the upstroke are diastolic. In this case, the
murmur occurs with the carotid upstroke and is therefore systolic.
23.Diastolic murmurs - ANSWER ✔ Aortic insufficiency, mitral stenosis,
tricuspid stenosis, and pulmonic regurgitation
24.A first-year medical student recently received his stethoscope and is utilizing
only the diaphragm for cardiac auscultation. Which of the following sounds
is this student most likely to miss? - ANSWER ✔ The answer is mitral
stenosis. The bell of the stethoscope is more sensitive in auscultating low-
pitched sounds such as mitral stenosis
25.The diaphragm is better at discerning - ANSWER ✔ high-pitched sounds
such as S1, aortic regurgitation, and mitral regurgitation, and pericardial
friction rubs.
26.A 42-year-old woman with an enlarged ascending aorta is undergoing a
preoperative physical examination. On examination, blood pressure is
130/40 mmHg and there is a blowing, decrescendo diastolic murmur heard
best at the left second interspace. Which of the following would be the
expected finding with the carotid pulse? - ANSWER ✔ The answer is large,
bounding. Patients with an enlarged ascending aorta often also have aortic
insufficiency. This patient has physical examination findings associated with
aortic insufficiency including a widened pulse pressure and cardiac murmur.
Given the widened pulse pressure, the carotid pulse is described as large and
bounding.
