Biology 305 – Genetics, Ecology, and Molecular Biology | Exam Questions with Correct Answers

This Biology 305 exam resource includes comprehensive questions and 100% correct answers. Topics range from genetics, DNA replication, and protein synthesis to ecology, evolution, and environmental science. It also addresses biotechnology, enzyme activity, cellular respiration, photosynthesis, and experimental design in biology. With coverage of both molecular details and applied ecological principles, this document is a complete study guide for mastering Biology 305. Statistical analysis of data from field experiments supports the conclusion that an investigators hypothesis about the role of seas stars in an intertidal community is valid. Which of the following statements is true? - answerFurther experimentation or observation could still discredit the hypothesis In which of the following cases would a circle graph be the most appropriate format for presenting data? - answercomparing the percentage of several types of prey in the diet of an owl species The graph above depicts the numbers of three different species of ants counted in a field study. Which of the following adjustments would provide the best presentation of the field study results? - answerstarting the scale on the vertical axis at zero A lab exercise requires the separation of cells form the liquid culture medium they have been grown in. Which of the following lab procedures would be most effective at achieving this separation? - answercentrifugation In a bird species, the percentage of young successfully raised by the parents each year tends to - 2 -: be inversely proportional to the number of eggs laid. Which of the following graphs best represents the type of data on which this statement is based? - answery axis up slopes down to x axis big two bird species regularly visit feeders for sunflower seeds during the winter. For a month, several students take turns watching the feeding station from 6:30 to 7:30 every morning and record their observations. They find that whenever individuals of one species arrive at the feeder, individuals of the other species leave. The students conclude that competition for food between the species is important factor in their ecological relationship. The students conclusion above would be most strengthened by adding which of the following elements to their study? - answerobserving the feeding behaviors of both species under natural conditions A certain plant cell is 70 micrometers long. This is equivalent to how many cm? - answer7.0 x 10-3cm The validity of the results of a scientific study can most directly be assessed by asking which of the following questions? - answerCan the methodology used in the study be replicated by an independent researcher? The general acceptance of Robert Koch's work linking cholera and the pathogen that causes it was important in the history of science because Koch's postulates resulted from: - answerthe use of logic to explain reproducible evidence The elements in the same column of the periodic table can be characterized as having the same: - answernumber of valence electrons In the early 1900's, Ernest Rutherford and his colleagues performed an experiment in which alpha particles were directed at a thin sheet of gold foil. The scientists found that most of the alpha particles were significantly deflected. This finding led to which of the following advances in understanding atomic structure? - answerAll the positive charge and most of the - 3 -: mass of an atom is concentrated in the nucleus Biologists understand the value of studying and interpreting the behavior of an organism, population, or ecosystem as a whole and not just viewing it as the sum of its independent parts. In other words, biologists believer the concept of: - answeremergent properties The Forces responsible for the dynamic movement of the continents originally describes by Wegener are now know to be the result of - answergeothermal energy and gravity The functioning of a compound light microscope is based on which of the following physical phenomena? - answerLight refracted when it passes from one medium to another George Washington Carver is best known for his research with peanuts. This research led to the reintroduction of an important agricultural technique known as: - answercrop rotation Rachel Carson helped launch environmental movement when she wrote an influential book that: - answerwarned the widespread contamination of the environment by pesticides and herbicides Each number in a Fibonacci sequence is the sum of the two previous numbers. Which of the following natural phenomena has been described using the Fibonacci sequence? - answerthe arrangement of leaves on a stem, such that the arrangement minimizes the degree to which they shade each other Most scientists believe that widespread use of irradiation of food supplies could dramatically decrease the incidence of infectious food-borne illnesses, including fatal illnesses cause by salmonella and E.coli bacteria. However, food irradiation is not widely used in the US, primarily because - answerconsumers generalize the known health risks of exposure to radiation to include the use of irradiation to reduce contamination of food MMR, which previously was almost wiped out in the US, have become more common in recent years. - 4 -: Which of the following best explains the resurgence of these diseases in the US? - answerrefusal of parents for personal reasons to have their children vaccinated against these diseases Huntington's chorea is a disease, caused by a dominant allele, whose symptoms usually do not appear until a person reaches middle age. Which of the following statements about Huntington's cholera is accurate and should be considered by a person who has a parent with Huntington's chorea and who is deciding whether to take the test for the disease? - answerThere is a 50 percent chance that the person will pass the allele for the disease to his or her children Which of the following best describes the primary economic benefit to a farmer of planting herbicide-resistent transgenic corn? - answerHerbicides can be used instead of mechanical cultivation to control weeds while the corn crop is growing A decline in the use of animal testing in the cosmetics industry has been primarily the result of the - answerethical concerns of consumers associated with the use of animals in the tests After an unusually severe cold snap, a student in a HS bio class brings in a newspaper article in which the writer mocks the idea of global warming in light of recent cold weather the area has been experiencing. In responding the this article, it would be most accurate for the teacher to point out that: - answertheories of