Advanced Pathophysiology Midterm 6501
Walden University Exam 2025
A runner has depleted all the oxygen available for muscle energy. Which of the following
will facilitate his continued muscle performance? Correct Answer : Anaerobic glycolysis
What causes the rapid change in the resting membrane potential that initiates an action
potential? Correct Answer : Sodium gates open, and sodium rushes into the cell, changing
the membrane potential from negative to positive.
A 12-year-old male is diagnosed with Klinefelter syndrome. His karyotype would reveal
which of the following? Correct Answer : XXY
A nurse is reviewing the pedigree chart. When checking for a proband, what is the nurse
looking for? Correct Answer : The person who is first diagnosed with a genetic disease
An aide asks the nurse why people who have neurofibromatosis will show varying degrees
of the disease. Which genetic principle should the nurse explain to the aide? Correct
Answer : Expressivity
In teaching a patient with cirrhosis, which information should the nurse include regarding
cholesterol? Correct Answer : Cholesterol decreases the membrane fluidity of the
erythrocyte, which reduces its ability to carry oxygen.
When a patient asks what causes cystic fibrosis, how should the nurse respond? Cystic
fibrosis is caused by an _____ gene Correct Answer : Autosomal recessive
How are potassium and sodium transported across plasma membranes? Correct Answer :
By adenosine triphosphate enzyme (ATPase)
, Advanced Pathophysiology Midterm 6501
Walden University Exam 2025
The nurse would be correct in identifying the predominant extracellular cation as: Correct
Answer : Sodium
The early dilation (swelling) of the cell's endoplasmic reticulum results in: Correct Answer
: Reduced protein synthesis
What principle should the nurse remember when trying to distinguish aging from diseases?
Correct Answer : It is difficult to tell the difference because both processes are believed to
result from cell injury.
What is the diagnosis of a 13-year-old female who has a karyotype that reveals an absent
homologous X chromosome with only a single X chromosome present? Her features
include a short stature, widely spaced nipples, reduced carrying angle at the elbow, and
sparse body hair. Correct Answer : Turner syndrome
A eukaryotic cell is undergoing DNA replication. In which region of the cell would most of
the genetic information be contained? Correct Answer : Nucleolus
The nurse is teaching staff about the most common cause of Down syndrome. What is the
nurse describing? Correct Answer : Maternal nondisjunction
A 50-year-old male was recently diagnosed with Huntington disease. Transmission of this
disease is associated with: Correct Answer : Delayed age of onset
A patient wants to know the risk factors for Down syndrome. What is the nurse's best
response? Correct Answer : Pregnancy in women over age 35
Walden University Exam 2025
A runner has depleted all the oxygen available for muscle energy. Which of the following
will facilitate his continued muscle performance? Correct Answer : Anaerobic glycolysis
What causes the rapid change in the resting membrane potential that initiates an action
potential? Correct Answer : Sodium gates open, and sodium rushes into the cell, changing
the membrane potential from negative to positive.
A 12-year-old male is diagnosed with Klinefelter syndrome. His karyotype would reveal
which of the following? Correct Answer : XXY
A nurse is reviewing the pedigree chart. When checking for a proband, what is the nurse
looking for? Correct Answer : The person who is first diagnosed with a genetic disease
An aide asks the nurse why people who have neurofibromatosis will show varying degrees
of the disease. Which genetic principle should the nurse explain to the aide? Correct
Answer : Expressivity
In teaching a patient with cirrhosis, which information should the nurse include regarding
cholesterol? Correct Answer : Cholesterol decreases the membrane fluidity of the
erythrocyte, which reduces its ability to carry oxygen.
When a patient asks what causes cystic fibrosis, how should the nurse respond? Cystic
fibrosis is caused by an _____ gene Correct Answer : Autosomal recessive
How are potassium and sodium transported across plasma membranes? Correct Answer :
By adenosine triphosphate enzyme (ATPase)
, Advanced Pathophysiology Midterm 6501
Walden University Exam 2025
The nurse would be correct in identifying the predominant extracellular cation as: Correct
Answer : Sodium
The early dilation (swelling) of the cell's endoplasmic reticulum results in: Correct Answer
: Reduced protein synthesis
What principle should the nurse remember when trying to distinguish aging from diseases?
Correct Answer : It is difficult to tell the difference because both processes are believed to
result from cell injury.
What is the diagnosis of a 13-year-old female who has a karyotype that reveals an absent
homologous X chromosome with only a single X chromosome present? Her features
include a short stature, widely spaced nipples, reduced carrying angle at the elbow, and
sparse body hair. Correct Answer : Turner syndrome
A eukaryotic cell is undergoing DNA replication. In which region of the cell would most of
the genetic information be contained? Correct Answer : Nucleolus
The nurse is teaching staff about the most common cause of Down syndrome. What is the
nurse describing? Correct Answer : Maternal nondisjunction
A 50-year-old male was recently diagnosed with Huntington disease. Transmission of this
disease is associated with: Correct Answer : Delayed age of onset
A patient wants to know the risk factors for Down syndrome. What is the nurse's best
response? Correct Answer : Pregnancy in women over age 35
