HCR240 Final Exam Questions with Detailed Verified Answers

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HCR240 Final Exam Questions with Detailed
Verified Answers

Question: Which valvular condition is characterized by the valve opening
being constricted and narrowed, causing the valve leaflets, or cusps, to
fail to open?

Ans✅ ✅: Stenosis

Question: A 62-year-old male presents to his primary provider reporting
chest pain at rest and with exertion. He does not have a history of
coronary artery disease and reports the pain often occurs at night. He is
most likely experiencing which type of angina?

Ans✅ ✅: Prinzmetal

Question: T/F Atherosclerosis is caused by plaque buildup that narrows
and obstructs vessels.

Ans✅ ✅: True

Question: T/F Hypertension is a drop in blood pressure that occurs upon
standing.

Ans✅ ✅: False

Question: Individuals with Raynaud Disease need to be counseled to
avoid which of the following conditions to prevent severe symptoms?

Ans✅ ✅: Cold exposure

Question: A 52-year-old male presents with pooling of blood in the
veins of the lower extremities and edema. The diagnosis is chronic
venous insufficiency and an expected assessment finding of this disorder
is:

Ans✅ ✅: skin hyperpigmentation.

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Question: A patient presents to the emergency department reporting
difficulty swallowing and shortness of breath. A CT scan would most likely
reveal an aneurysm in the:

Ans✅ ✅: thoracic aorta.

Question: What term should the nurse use to document a detached
blood clot?

Ans✅ ✅: INCORRECT: Embolus

Question: A 75-year-old obese female presents to her primary care
provider reporting edema in the lower extremities. Physical exam reveals
she has varicose veins. Upon performing the history, which of the
following is a possible cause for the varicose veins? (Select all that
apply.)

Ans✅ ✅: Long periods of standing; Trauma to the saphenous veins

Question: A 56-year-old presents to his primary caregiver for a
checkup. Physical exam reveals edema, hepatomegaly, and muffled heart
sounds. Which of the following is of greatest concern to the nurse?

Ans✅ ✅: Tamponade

Question: T/F Myocardial Infarction (MI) occurs when coronary blood
flow is interrupted for an extended period of time, killing myocytes.

Ans✅ ✅: True

Question: T/F An embolus is a particle or mass that travels freely in the
bloodstream that can cause vessel occlusion.

Ans✅ ✅: True

Question: A 51-year-old male presents with recurrent chest pain on
exertion and is diagnosed with angina pectoris. The pain occurs when:

Ans✅ ✅: INCORRECT: the myocardial oxygen supply has fallen below demand.

Question: An older adult is diagnosed with cerebral aneurysm. Where
does the nurse suspect the cerebral aneurysm is located?

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Ans✅ ✅: Circle of Willis

Question: A nurse takes an adult patient's blood pressure and
determines it to be normal. What reading did the nurse obtain?

Ans✅ ✅: Systolic pressure less than 120 mm Hg and diastolic pressure less than 80
mm Hg

Question: This type of shock is the result of widespread hypersensitivity
reaction:

Ans✅ ✅: anaphylactic shock.

Question: A 50-year-old male with a 30-year history of smoking was
diagnosed with bronchogenic cancer. He developed edema and venous
distention in the upper extremities and face. Which of the following
diagnoses will the nurse observe on the chart?

Ans✅ ✅: Superior vena cava syndrome

Question: T/F Systole refers to the period of relaxation in the cardiac
cycle in which blood is forced out of the ventricles of the heart.

Ans✅ ✅: False

Question: A 28-year-old presents to the ER reporting severe chest pain
that worsens with respirations or lying down. Other signs include a fever,
tachycardia, and a friction rub. Assessment findings support which
medical diagnosis?

Ans✅ ✅: Acute pericarditis

Question: A 42-year-old is diagnosed with constrictive pericarditis. The
nurse knows one of the factors associated with constrictive pericarditis is:

Ans✅ ✅: fibrosis and calcification of the pericardial layers.

Question: A 68-year-old male presents to the ER reporting chest pain.
He has a history of stable angina that now appears to be unstable. He
most likely has:

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Ans✅ ✅: impending myocardial infarction.

Question: Ventricles are muscles that hold cusps of valves together to
prevent inversion or prolapse.

Ans✅ ✅: False

Question: When a patient is diagnosed with coronary artery disease,
the nurse assesses for myocardial:

Ans✅ ✅: ischemia.

Question: Upon assessment of the patient, the nurse finds a widened
pulse pressure and throbbing peripheral pulses. Which valve disorder
does the nurse suspect?

Ans✅ ✅: Aortic regurgitation

Question: Chronic venous insufficiency is the inadequate venous return
over a long period of time that causes pathologic ischemic changes in the
vasculature, skin, and supporting tissues.

Ans✅ ✅: True

Question: A 51-year-old male is at the health clinic for an annual
physical exam. After walking from the car to the clinic, he developed
substernal pain. He also reported discomfort in his left shoulder and his
jaw, lasting 2-3 minutes and then subsiding with rest. He indicates this
has occurred frequently over the past few months with similar exertion.
The nurse suspects he is most likely experiencing:

Ans✅ ✅: stable angina.

Question: A patient presents with severe chest pain and shortness of
breath and is diagnosed with pulmonary embolism. The embolism most
likely originated from the:

Ans✅ ✅: deep veins of the leg.

Question: The heart has five chambers.