BIO 210 LECTURE EXAM 1 QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS (GRADED A+)
Anatomy - ANSWER-studies the form and structure of the body.
Physiology - ANSWER-examines living organisms and their parts of how they function
Microscopic anatomy - ANSWER-examines structures that cannot be observed by the
unaided eye
Two main subdivisions of microscopic anatomy - ANSWER-cytology and histology
cytology - ANSWER-study of cells
Histology - ANSWER-study of tissues
Gross anatomy or macroscopic anatomy - ANSWER-investigates the structure visible to
the aided eye
Systematic anatomy - ANSWER-each individual body system
Regional anatomy - ANSWER-all the structures in a particular region of the body
Surface anatomy - ANSWER-focuses on superficial anatomic markings and internal
body structures
Comparative anatomy - ANSWER-examines similarities and differences in the anatomy
of different species
Embryology - ANSWER-studies developmental changes from conception to birth
Pathologic anatomy - ANSWER-examines anatomic changes resulting from disease
Radiographic anatomy - ANSWER-investigates internal structures with visual scanning
procedures
Physiology - ANSWER-examines living organisms and their parts of how they function
Cardiovascular physiology - ANSWER-the functioning of the heart, blood vessels and
blood
Neurophysiology - ANSWER-functioning of the nerves and nervous system organs
, Pathophysiology - ANSWER-relationship between the function of an organ system and
disease of injury of the system
Respiratory physiology - ANSWER-functioning of respiratory organs
Reproductive physiology - ANSWER-the functioning of the hormones and reproductive
cycle
Homeostasis - ANSWER-the body's ability to maintain a stable internal environment
Receptor - ANSWER-component of homeostasis that the structure that detects changes
in the stimulus, sensory nerves
Stimulus - ANSWER-component of homeostasis that changes in a variable that is
regulated
Control center - ANSWER-component of homeostasis that processes the change that
occurred from the receptor
Negative feedback - ANSWER-if it is high, lower it. If it is low, raise it. Negative because
the response is opposite of the stimulus
Set point - ANSWER-variable maintained within a normal level
The hypothalamus - ANSWER-part of the brain that regulates body temperature
Ionic compounds - ANSWER-are structures composed of ions held together in a lattice
of ionic bonds
Ions - ANSWER-groups of atoms with a positive or negative charge
Positively charged - ANSWER-Sodium ion Potassium ion Calcium ion Magnesium ion
Hydrogen ion
Negatively charged ions - ANSWER-Chloride ion Bicarbonate ion Phosphate ion
Octet rule - ANSWER-outermost shell/orbit is full and contains 8 electrons
cations - ANSWER-Ions with a positive charge, loosing an electron
Anions - ANSWER-ions with a negative charge, gain an electron
Positive feedback - ANSWER-moves the stimulus in the same direction, occurs less
frequently than negative feedback
AND ANSWERS (GRADED A+)
Anatomy - ANSWER-studies the form and structure of the body.
Physiology - ANSWER-examines living organisms and their parts of how they function
Microscopic anatomy - ANSWER-examines structures that cannot be observed by the
unaided eye
Two main subdivisions of microscopic anatomy - ANSWER-cytology and histology
cytology - ANSWER-study of cells
Histology - ANSWER-study of tissues
Gross anatomy or macroscopic anatomy - ANSWER-investigates the structure visible to
the aided eye
Systematic anatomy - ANSWER-each individual body system
Regional anatomy - ANSWER-all the structures in a particular region of the body
Surface anatomy - ANSWER-focuses on superficial anatomic markings and internal
body structures
Comparative anatomy - ANSWER-examines similarities and differences in the anatomy
of different species
Embryology - ANSWER-studies developmental changes from conception to birth
Pathologic anatomy - ANSWER-examines anatomic changes resulting from disease
Radiographic anatomy - ANSWER-investigates internal structures with visual scanning
procedures
Physiology - ANSWER-examines living organisms and their parts of how they function
Cardiovascular physiology - ANSWER-the functioning of the heart, blood vessels and
blood
Neurophysiology - ANSWER-functioning of the nerves and nervous system organs
, Pathophysiology - ANSWER-relationship between the function of an organ system and
disease of injury of the system
Respiratory physiology - ANSWER-functioning of respiratory organs
Reproductive physiology - ANSWER-the functioning of the hormones and reproductive
cycle
Homeostasis - ANSWER-the body's ability to maintain a stable internal environment
Receptor - ANSWER-component of homeostasis that the structure that detects changes
in the stimulus, sensory nerves
Stimulus - ANSWER-component of homeostasis that changes in a variable that is
regulated
Control center - ANSWER-component of homeostasis that processes the change that
occurred from the receptor
Negative feedback - ANSWER-if it is high, lower it. If it is low, raise it. Negative because
the response is opposite of the stimulus
Set point - ANSWER-variable maintained within a normal level
The hypothalamus - ANSWER-part of the brain that regulates body temperature
Ionic compounds - ANSWER-are structures composed of ions held together in a lattice
of ionic bonds
Ions - ANSWER-groups of atoms with a positive or negative charge
Positively charged - ANSWER-Sodium ion Potassium ion Calcium ion Magnesium ion
Hydrogen ion
Negatively charged ions - ANSWER-Chloride ion Bicarbonate ion Phosphate ion
Octet rule - ANSWER-outermost shell/orbit is full and contains 8 electrons
cations - ANSWER-Ions with a positive charge, loosing an electron
Anions - ANSWER-ions with a negative charge, gain an electron
Positive feedback - ANSWER-moves the stimulus in the same direction, occurs less
frequently than negative feedback
