A-LEVEL POLITICS - UK POLITICS QUESTIONS AND
VERIFIED ANSWERS, 100% GUARANTEE
legitimacy - political authority conferred by law or by a state or national constitution
direct democracy - A form of government in which citizens rule directly and not through
representatives
Representative democracy - A government in which leaders make decisions by winning a
competitive struggle for the popular vote
pluralist democracy - a political system where there is more than one center of power.
Democracies are by definition pluralist as democracies allow freedom of association.
democratic deficit - when government or government institutions fall short of fulfilling
the principles of democracy in their practices or operation or where political representatives and
institutions are discredited in the eyes of the public
pluralism - a condition or system in which two or more states, groups, principles, sources
of authority, etc., coexist.
participation crisis - fewer people are getting involved in politics. ... The decline in
turnout in general elections is a significant indication that the UK is suffering from a
participation crisis as the trend has existed since 1959
franchise/ suffarage - the right to vote in public, political elections
think tanks - a body of experts providing advice and ideas on specific political or
economic problems.
,lobbyists - a person who takes part in an organized attempt to influence legislators.
initiatives - a process that enables citizens to bypass their state legislature by placing
proposed statutes and, in some states, constitutional amendments on the ballot.
petitions - a formal written request, typically one signed by many people, appealing to
authority in respect of a particular cause. e.g. anything on change.org
recall - procedure whereby voters can remove an elected official from office
e-democracy - Online methods of political participation such as through online petitions
on sites such as change.org
access points - the places to which pressure groups go to exert influence. Assuming they
have a choice, it's a good guide to where the real power lies in a political system. The amount of
access points available depends on the type of political system that operates.
compulsory voting - a law that requires all citizens in a particular county to vote and pay a
fine if they don't vote e.g. Australia
political apathy - indifference on the part of any citizens with regard to their attitude
toward political activities
cause groups - organizations whose members care intensely about a single issue or a
group of related issues
sectional groups - seek to represent the common interests of a particular section of society.
As a result, members of sectional groups are directly and personally concerned with the outcome
of the campaign fought by the group because they usually stand to gain professionally and/or
economically.
, insider groups - pressure groups that are regularly consulted by government departments
outsider groups - those whose aims do not enjoy the support of the Government. They
tend to adopt media based, high profile campaigns to capture public attention.
pressure groups - collections of people outside government who campaign for changes in
society
old labour (social democracy) - an unofficial name used to talk about the British Labour
Party before it was changed by Tony Blair in the 1990s. Old Labour was thought to be more left
wing, and supported the idea of increasing taxes to pay for public services such as education and
health.
new labour (third wave) - A movement to update Britain 's Labour Party by discarding the
traditional Labour platform calling for state ownership of the means of production. The
movement has been led by Tony Blair, who became prime minister in 1997 after guiding the
Labour Party to victory.
one nation conservatism - a form of British political conservatism advocating preservation
of established institutions and traditional principles combined with political democracy, and a
social and economic programme designed to benefit the common man.
new right - a political movement made up especially of Protestants, opposed especially to
secular humanism, and concerned with issues especially of church and state, patriotism, laissez-
faire economics, pornography, and abortion.
classical liberals - a political ideology that values the freedom of individuals — including
the freedom of religion, speech, press, assembly, and markets — as well as limited government.
It developed in 18th-century Europe and drew on the economic writings of Adam Smith and the
growing notion of social progress.
modern liberal - a reaction against free-market capitalism, believing this had led to many
individuals not being free. Freedom could no longer simply be defined as 'being left alone.
VERIFIED ANSWERS, 100% GUARANTEE
legitimacy - political authority conferred by law or by a state or national constitution
direct democracy - A form of government in which citizens rule directly and not through
representatives
Representative democracy - A government in which leaders make decisions by winning a
competitive struggle for the popular vote
pluralist democracy - a political system where there is more than one center of power.
Democracies are by definition pluralist as democracies allow freedom of association.
democratic deficit - when government or government institutions fall short of fulfilling
the principles of democracy in their practices or operation or where political representatives and
institutions are discredited in the eyes of the public
pluralism - a condition or system in which two or more states, groups, principles, sources
of authority, etc., coexist.
participation crisis - fewer people are getting involved in politics. ... The decline in
turnout in general elections is a significant indication that the UK is suffering from a
participation crisis as the trend has existed since 1959
franchise/ suffarage - the right to vote in public, political elections
think tanks - a body of experts providing advice and ideas on specific political or
economic problems.
,lobbyists - a person who takes part in an organized attempt to influence legislators.
initiatives - a process that enables citizens to bypass their state legislature by placing
proposed statutes and, in some states, constitutional amendments on the ballot.
petitions - a formal written request, typically one signed by many people, appealing to
authority in respect of a particular cause. e.g. anything on change.org
recall - procedure whereby voters can remove an elected official from office
e-democracy - Online methods of political participation such as through online petitions
on sites such as change.org
access points - the places to which pressure groups go to exert influence. Assuming they
have a choice, it's a good guide to where the real power lies in a political system. The amount of
access points available depends on the type of political system that operates.
compulsory voting - a law that requires all citizens in a particular county to vote and pay a
fine if they don't vote e.g. Australia
political apathy - indifference on the part of any citizens with regard to their attitude
toward political activities
cause groups - organizations whose members care intensely about a single issue or a
group of related issues
sectional groups - seek to represent the common interests of a particular section of society.
As a result, members of sectional groups are directly and personally concerned with the outcome
of the campaign fought by the group because they usually stand to gain professionally and/or
economically.
, insider groups - pressure groups that are regularly consulted by government departments
outsider groups - those whose aims do not enjoy the support of the Government. They
tend to adopt media based, high profile campaigns to capture public attention.
pressure groups - collections of people outside government who campaign for changes in
society
old labour (social democracy) - an unofficial name used to talk about the British Labour
Party before it was changed by Tony Blair in the 1990s. Old Labour was thought to be more left
wing, and supported the idea of increasing taxes to pay for public services such as education and
health.
new labour (third wave) - A movement to update Britain 's Labour Party by discarding the
traditional Labour platform calling for state ownership of the means of production. The
movement has been led by Tony Blair, who became prime minister in 1997 after guiding the
Labour Party to victory.
one nation conservatism - a form of British political conservatism advocating preservation
of established institutions and traditional principles combined with political democracy, and a
social and economic programme designed to benefit the common man.
new right - a political movement made up especially of Protestants, opposed especially to
secular humanism, and concerned with issues especially of church and state, patriotism, laissez-
faire economics, pornography, and abortion.
classical liberals - a political ideology that values the freedom of individuals — including
the freedom of religion, speech, press, assembly, and markets — as well as limited government.
It developed in 18th-century Europe and drew on the economic writings of Adam Smith and the
growing notion of social progress.
modern liberal - a reaction against free-market capitalism, believing this had led to many
individuals not being free. Freedom could no longer simply be defined as 'being left alone.
