psych 121 chapter 1 usask questions
well answered graded A+
Psychology - ANS ✔the scientific behavior, thought and experience and how they can be
affected by physical, mental, social and environmental factors
scientific method - ANS ✔a way of learning about the world through collecting observation,
developing theories to explain them and using theories to make predictions
hypothesis - ANS ✔a testable prediction about processes that can be observed and measured
falsifiable - ANS ✔the hypothesis is precise enough that it could be proven false
theory - ANS ✔is an explanation for a broad range of observations that also generates new
hypotheses and integrates numerous finding into coherent whole
1. not the same as opinions or beliefs
2. all theories are not equally plausible
3. the quality of a theory is not related to the number of people who believe it to be true
biopsychosocial model - ANS ✔is a mean of explaining behaviour as a product of biological,
psychological and sociocultural factors
1. Biological influences: involves brain structures, brain chemicals, hormones and external
substances like drugs.
2. Psychological influences: involves, memories, emotions, memories and how these factors
shape the way one thinks and responds to situations and people.
, 3. Social influences: involves family, peers, ethnicity, gender and culture can greatly effect
behavior.
scientific literacy - ANS ✔· the ability to understand, analyze and apply scientific information
1. Knowledge gathering: what do we know about this? Ability to learn new info
2. Scientific explanation: how can science explain it?
3. Critical thinking: can we critically evaluate the evidence? Assessing accuracy of claim and info
4. Application: why is this relevant?
critical thinking - ANS ✔· involves exercising curiosity and skepticism when evaluating the claims
of others and with our own assumptions and beliefs Critical thinking does not mean being
negative or arbitrarily critical; rather, it means that you intentionally examine knowledge,
beliefs, and the means by which conclusions were obtained
thinking critically can be learned by - ANS ✔1. Be curious. Simple answers are sometimes too
simple, and common sense is not always correct (or even close to it).
2. Examine the nature and source of the evidence; not all research is of equal quality.
3. Examine assumptions and biases. This includes your own assumptions as well as the
assumptions of those making the claims.
4. Avoid overly emotional thinking. Emotions can tell us what we value, but they are not always
helpful when it comes to making critical decisions.
5. Tolerate ambiguity. Most complex issues do not have clear-cut answers.
6. Consider alternative viewpoints and alternative interpretations of the evidence.
false memories - ANS ✔· vivid recollection and belief in something that did not happen
principle of parsimony: - ANS ✔· the simplest of all competing explanations (the most
"parsimonious") of a phenomenon should be the one we accept
well answered graded A+
Psychology - ANS ✔the scientific behavior, thought and experience and how they can be
affected by physical, mental, social and environmental factors
scientific method - ANS ✔a way of learning about the world through collecting observation,
developing theories to explain them and using theories to make predictions
hypothesis - ANS ✔a testable prediction about processes that can be observed and measured
falsifiable - ANS ✔the hypothesis is precise enough that it could be proven false
theory - ANS ✔is an explanation for a broad range of observations that also generates new
hypotheses and integrates numerous finding into coherent whole
1. not the same as opinions or beliefs
2. all theories are not equally plausible
3. the quality of a theory is not related to the number of people who believe it to be true
biopsychosocial model - ANS ✔is a mean of explaining behaviour as a product of biological,
psychological and sociocultural factors
1. Biological influences: involves brain structures, brain chemicals, hormones and external
substances like drugs.
2. Psychological influences: involves, memories, emotions, memories and how these factors
shape the way one thinks and responds to situations and people.
, 3. Social influences: involves family, peers, ethnicity, gender and culture can greatly effect
behavior.
scientific literacy - ANS ✔· the ability to understand, analyze and apply scientific information
1. Knowledge gathering: what do we know about this? Ability to learn new info
2. Scientific explanation: how can science explain it?
3. Critical thinking: can we critically evaluate the evidence? Assessing accuracy of claim and info
4. Application: why is this relevant?
critical thinking - ANS ✔· involves exercising curiosity and skepticism when evaluating the claims
of others and with our own assumptions and beliefs Critical thinking does not mean being
negative or arbitrarily critical; rather, it means that you intentionally examine knowledge,
beliefs, and the means by which conclusions were obtained
thinking critically can be learned by - ANS ✔1. Be curious. Simple answers are sometimes too
simple, and common sense is not always correct (or even close to it).
2. Examine the nature and source of the evidence; not all research is of equal quality.
3. Examine assumptions and biases. This includes your own assumptions as well as the
assumptions of those making the claims.
4. Avoid overly emotional thinking. Emotions can tell us what we value, but they are not always
helpful when it comes to making critical decisions.
5. Tolerate ambiguity. Most complex issues do not have clear-cut answers.
6. Consider alternative viewpoints and alternative interpretations of the evidence.
false memories - ANS ✔· vivid recollection and belief in something that did not happen
principle of parsimony: - ANS ✔· the simplest of all competing explanations (the most
"parsimonious") of a phenomenon should be the one we accept
