Wong’s Nursing Care of Infants and Children, 12th Edition —
Chapter 1: Perspectives of Pediatric Nursing.
1. Chapter 1 — Perspectives of Pediatric Nursing
Key Concept: Family-centered & atraumatic care to reduce
child/family distress.
Question Stem: A 4-year-old scheduled for an IV insertion
becomes very anxious. Which nursing intervention best reflects
atraumatic, family-centered care?
A. Restrain the child for a safe, quick insertion.
B. Allow the parent to stay and coach the child during the
procedure.
C. Take the child to a separate treatment room without the
parent.
D. Delay the procedure until the child is sedated.
Correct Answer: B
Rationales:
Correct: Allowing the parent to stay and coach promotes family-
centered, atraumatic care, reduces distress, and supports
coping during procedures. (Wong, Ch. 1, Perspectives of
Pediatric Nursing). Google Books
A (wrong): Restraint increases trauma and should be avoided
unless absolutely necessary for safety; atraumatic care
prioritizes nonrestrictive methods. Google Books
C (wrong): Separating the child from the parent often increases
anxiety and contradicts family-centered practice. Google Books
D (wrong): Routine sedation for simple procedures is
,inappropriate and exposes the child to unnecessary risk. Google
Books
Teaching Point: Family presence and preparation reduce
procedural distress.
2. Chapter 2 — Family, Social, Cultural, and Religious
Influences on Child Health Promotion
Key Concept: Cultural competence in health teaching and
care planning.
Question Stem: A nurse plans discharge teaching for a family
whose cultural practices include herbal remedies. Best nursing
action:
A. Tell the family to stop all cultural remedies immediately.
B. Ask about their remedies and discuss potential interactions
with prescribed meds.
C. Ignore cultural practices and teach only standard discharge
instructions.
D. Replace their remedies with Western herbal alternatives
approved by the nurse.
Correct Answer: B
Rationales:
Correct: Asking about remedies and discussing interactions
respects culture while ensuring safety—core to culturally
competent, family-centered care (Wong, Ch. 2). Nursing Hero+1
A (wrong): Instructing to stop immediately is culturally
,insensitive and may harm rapport. Nursing Hero
C (wrong): Ignoring cultural context reduces efficacy of teaching
and adherence. Nursing Hero
D (wrong): Substituting remedies without evidence or family
input is inappropriate and may be unsafe. Nursing Hero
Teaching Point: Explore cultural practices; collaborate to ensure
safe, acceptable plans.
3. Chapter 4 — Communication and Physical Assessment of
the Child and Family
Key Concept: Developmentally appropriate
communication and assessment.
Question Stem: When assessing a nonverbal 8-month-old,
which observation is most useful for pain assessment?
A. Child’s ability to name the pain location.
B. Changes in facial expression and activity level.
C. Verbal pain rating using a numeric scale.
D. Child’s report of pain intensity.
Correct Answer: B
Rationales:
Correct: For infants, behavioral cues (facial expression, crying,
activity) are key pain indicators; Wong emphasizes age-
appropriate assessment. (Wong, Ch. 4). Google Books
A (wrong): Infants cannot identify or name pain locations.
Google Books
, C (wrong): Numeric scales are invalid for nonverbal infants.
Google Books
D (wrong): Infants cannot self-report pain intensity; rely on
observational scales. Google Books
Teaching Point: Use behavioral cues and validated
observational pain scales for infants.
4. Chapter 7 — Health Promotion of the Newborn and
Family
Key Concept: Breastfeeding benefits and guidance.
Question Stem: A mother reports her newborn latches poorly
at 2 days old. Best initial nursing action:
A. Recommend formula supplementation immediately.
B. Observe a feeding and provide hands-on latch coaching.
C. Tell the mother to stop breastfeeding for 24 hours.
D. Suggest waiting until the baby is 1 week old to try again.
Correct Answer: B
Rationales:
Correct: Direct observation with latch guidance supports
successful breastfeeding and addresses technique issues (Wong,
Ch. 7: Health Promotion of the Newborn). Nursing Hero+1
A (wrong): Routine early formula undermines breastfeeding
unless medically indicated. Google Books
C (wrong): Stopping breastfeeding unnecessarily reduces milk
supply and bonding. Google Books
Chapter 1: Perspectives of Pediatric Nursing.
1. Chapter 1 — Perspectives of Pediatric Nursing
Key Concept: Family-centered & atraumatic care to reduce
child/family distress.
Question Stem: A 4-year-old scheduled for an IV insertion
becomes very anxious. Which nursing intervention best reflects
atraumatic, family-centered care?
A. Restrain the child for a safe, quick insertion.
B. Allow the parent to stay and coach the child during the
procedure.
C. Take the child to a separate treatment room without the
parent.
D. Delay the procedure until the child is sedated.
Correct Answer: B
Rationales:
Correct: Allowing the parent to stay and coach promotes family-
centered, atraumatic care, reduces distress, and supports
coping during procedures. (Wong, Ch. 1, Perspectives of
Pediatric Nursing). Google Books
A (wrong): Restraint increases trauma and should be avoided
unless absolutely necessary for safety; atraumatic care
prioritizes nonrestrictive methods. Google Books
C (wrong): Separating the child from the parent often increases
anxiety and contradicts family-centered practice. Google Books
D (wrong): Routine sedation for simple procedures is
,inappropriate and exposes the child to unnecessary risk. Google
Books
Teaching Point: Family presence and preparation reduce
procedural distress.
2. Chapter 2 — Family, Social, Cultural, and Religious
Influences on Child Health Promotion
Key Concept: Cultural competence in health teaching and
care planning.
Question Stem: A nurse plans discharge teaching for a family
whose cultural practices include herbal remedies. Best nursing
action:
A. Tell the family to stop all cultural remedies immediately.
B. Ask about their remedies and discuss potential interactions
with prescribed meds.
C. Ignore cultural practices and teach only standard discharge
instructions.
D. Replace their remedies with Western herbal alternatives
approved by the nurse.
Correct Answer: B
Rationales:
Correct: Asking about remedies and discussing interactions
respects culture while ensuring safety—core to culturally
competent, family-centered care (Wong, Ch. 2). Nursing Hero+1
A (wrong): Instructing to stop immediately is culturally
,insensitive and may harm rapport. Nursing Hero
C (wrong): Ignoring cultural context reduces efficacy of teaching
and adherence. Nursing Hero
D (wrong): Substituting remedies without evidence or family
input is inappropriate and may be unsafe. Nursing Hero
Teaching Point: Explore cultural practices; collaborate to ensure
safe, acceptable plans.
3. Chapter 4 — Communication and Physical Assessment of
the Child and Family
Key Concept: Developmentally appropriate
communication and assessment.
Question Stem: When assessing a nonverbal 8-month-old,
which observation is most useful for pain assessment?
A. Child’s ability to name the pain location.
B. Changes in facial expression and activity level.
C. Verbal pain rating using a numeric scale.
D. Child’s report of pain intensity.
Correct Answer: B
Rationales:
Correct: For infants, behavioral cues (facial expression, crying,
activity) are key pain indicators; Wong emphasizes age-
appropriate assessment. (Wong, Ch. 4). Google Books
A (wrong): Infants cannot identify or name pain locations.
Google Books
, C (wrong): Numeric scales are invalid for nonverbal infants.
Google Books
D (wrong): Infants cannot self-report pain intensity; rely on
observational scales. Google Books
Teaching Point: Use behavioral cues and validated
observational pain scales for infants.
4. Chapter 7 — Health Promotion of the Newborn and
Family
Key Concept: Breastfeeding benefits and guidance.
Question Stem: A mother reports her newborn latches poorly
at 2 days old. Best initial nursing action:
A. Recommend formula supplementation immediately.
B. Observe a feeding and provide hands-on latch coaching.
C. Tell the mother to stop breastfeeding for 24 hours.
D. Suggest waiting until the baby is 1 week old to try again.
Correct Answer: B
Rationales:
Correct: Direct observation with latch guidance supports
successful breastfeeding and addresses technique issues (Wong,
Ch. 7: Health Promotion of the Newborn). Nursing Hero+1
A (wrong): Routine early formula undermines breastfeeding
unless medically indicated. Google Books
C (wrong): Stopping breastfeeding unnecessarily reduces milk
supply and bonding. Google Books
