Wong’s Nursing Care of Infants and Children, 12th Edition —
Chapter 1: Perspectives of Pediatric Nursing.
1. Chapter 1 – Perspectives of Pediatric Nursing — Subtopic:
Health Care for Children
Key Concept: Interpreting infant mortality statistics and
priority-setting.
Question Stem: A nurse reviewing U.S. infant mortality data
notes the five leading causes. Which conclusion best guides
community health planning? (≤65 words)
A. Focus primarily on congenital anomaly prevention programs.
B. Prioritize preterm birth prevention and safe-sleep education.
C. Prioritize oncology screening resources for infants.
D. Emphasize adolescent injury prevention only.
Correct Answer: B
Rationales:
• Correct: Preterm birth/low birthweight and SIDS are
among the top causes of infant death; community
programs that reduce prematurity and promote safe sleep
most directly target these causes (Wong, Ch. 1 — Health
Care for Children). Evolve+1
• A (wrong): Congenital anomalies are a leading cause but
cannot be prevented as readily through community-level
interventions compared with prematurity and safe-sleep
campaigns.
, • C (wrong): Infant oncology is uncommon and not a leading
driver of infant mortality.
• D (wrong): Adolescent injury prevention is important but
does not address the leading infant mortality causes.
Teaching Point: Target prematurity reduction and safe-sleep
education to lower infant mortality.
2. Chapter 1 – Perspectives of Pediatric Nursing — Subtopic:
Health Promotion
Key Concept: Vaccine counseling and shared decision-
making for pediatric immunizations (including COVID-19).
Question Stem: A parent asks whether the COVID-19 vaccine is
recommended for their 10-year-old with asthma. Best nursing
response: (≤65 words)
A. “No children should get COVID vaccine; natural infection is
better.”
B. “Yes — children ≥6 months, especially with chronic
conditions, are recommended to receive updated vaccines.”
C. “Only adults need vaccination; children do not benefit.”
D. “Vaccines are optional and irrelevant for asthma control.”
Correct Answer: B
Rationales:
• Correct: CDC recommends COVID-19 vaccination for ages
≥6 months, with priority for children who have chronic
, conditions (e.g., asthma) to reduce severe outcomes; nurse
should counsel about benefits and safety (Wong, Ch. 1 —
Health Promotion; CDC pediatric guidance). Evolve+1
• A (wrong): This is inaccurate and harmful; vaccination
reduces severe disease risk.
• C (wrong): Children can benefit from vaccines; many
pediatric hospitalizations are vaccine-preventable.
• D (wrong): Vaccine counseling is relevant to overall health
and risk reduction for children with chronic illness.
Teaching Point: Counsel families that updated COVID vaccines
protect at-risk children.
3. Chapter 1 – Perspectives of Pediatric Nursing — Subtopic:
Development
Key Concept: Developmental surveillance and recognizing
red flags.
Question Stem: A 15-month toddler is not yet using single
words and shows limited eye contact. Next best nursing action:
(≤65 words)
A. Reassure parents that this is normal until age 2.
B. Begin developmental screening and refer for early
intervention.
C. Recommend strict time limits on play.
D. Advise waiting one year before follow-up.
, Correct Answer: B
Rationales:
• Correct: Early delays in language and social interaction are
red flags; nurses should perform standardized screening
and refer to early intervention to maximize outcomes
(Wong, Ch. 1 — Development). Evolve
• A (wrong): Delaying evaluation risks missed early-
intervention benefits.
• C (wrong): Time limits on play are not an appropriate
intervention for developmental delay.
• D (wrong): Waiting risks lost opportunity for early therapy.
Teaching Point: Early screening and referral improve
developmental outcomes.
4. Chapter 1 – Perspectives of Pediatric Nursing — Subtopic:
Nutrition
Key Concept: Infant feeding recommendations and growth
monitoring.
Question Stem: A 3-month exclusively breastfed infant shows
steady weight gain along WHO growth curves. Which is the best
nursing implication? (≤65 words)
A. Recommend switching to formula immediately.
B. Continue exclusive breastfeeding and routine growth
monitoring.
Chapter 1: Perspectives of Pediatric Nursing.
1. Chapter 1 – Perspectives of Pediatric Nursing — Subtopic:
Health Care for Children
Key Concept: Interpreting infant mortality statistics and
priority-setting.
Question Stem: A nurse reviewing U.S. infant mortality data
notes the five leading causes. Which conclusion best guides
community health planning? (≤65 words)
A. Focus primarily on congenital anomaly prevention programs.
B. Prioritize preterm birth prevention and safe-sleep education.
C. Prioritize oncology screening resources for infants.
D. Emphasize adolescent injury prevention only.
Correct Answer: B
Rationales:
• Correct: Preterm birth/low birthweight and SIDS are
among the top causes of infant death; community
programs that reduce prematurity and promote safe sleep
most directly target these causes (Wong, Ch. 1 — Health
Care for Children). Evolve+1
• A (wrong): Congenital anomalies are a leading cause but
cannot be prevented as readily through community-level
interventions compared with prematurity and safe-sleep
campaigns.
, • C (wrong): Infant oncology is uncommon and not a leading
driver of infant mortality.
• D (wrong): Adolescent injury prevention is important but
does not address the leading infant mortality causes.
Teaching Point: Target prematurity reduction and safe-sleep
education to lower infant mortality.
2. Chapter 1 – Perspectives of Pediatric Nursing — Subtopic:
Health Promotion
Key Concept: Vaccine counseling and shared decision-
making for pediatric immunizations (including COVID-19).
Question Stem: A parent asks whether the COVID-19 vaccine is
recommended for their 10-year-old with asthma. Best nursing
response: (≤65 words)
A. “No children should get COVID vaccine; natural infection is
better.”
B. “Yes — children ≥6 months, especially with chronic
conditions, are recommended to receive updated vaccines.”
C. “Only adults need vaccination; children do not benefit.”
D. “Vaccines are optional and irrelevant for asthma control.”
Correct Answer: B
Rationales:
• Correct: CDC recommends COVID-19 vaccination for ages
≥6 months, with priority for children who have chronic
, conditions (e.g., asthma) to reduce severe outcomes; nurse
should counsel about benefits and safety (Wong, Ch. 1 —
Health Promotion; CDC pediatric guidance). Evolve+1
• A (wrong): This is inaccurate and harmful; vaccination
reduces severe disease risk.
• C (wrong): Children can benefit from vaccines; many
pediatric hospitalizations are vaccine-preventable.
• D (wrong): Vaccine counseling is relevant to overall health
and risk reduction for children with chronic illness.
Teaching Point: Counsel families that updated COVID vaccines
protect at-risk children.
3. Chapter 1 – Perspectives of Pediatric Nursing — Subtopic:
Development
Key Concept: Developmental surveillance and recognizing
red flags.
Question Stem: A 15-month toddler is not yet using single
words and shows limited eye contact. Next best nursing action:
(≤65 words)
A. Reassure parents that this is normal until age 2.
B. Begin developmental screening and refer for early
intervention.
C. Recommend strict time limits on play.
D. Advise waiting one year before follow-up.
, Correct Answer: B
Rationales:
• Correct: Early delays in language and social interaction are
red flags; nurses should perform standardized screening
and refer to early intervention to maximize outcomes
(Wong, Ch. 1 — Development). Evolve
• A (wrong): Delaying evaluation risks missed early-
intervention benefits.
• C (wrong): Time limits on play are not an appropriate
intervention for developmental delay.
• D (wrong): Waiting risks lost opportunity for early therapy.
Teaching Point: Early screening and referral improve
developmental outcomes.
4. Chapter 1 – Perspectives of Pediatric Nursing — Subtopic:
Nutrition
Key Concept: Infant feeding recommendations and growth
monitoring.
Question Stem: A 3-month exclusively breastfed infant shows
steady weight gain along WHO growth curves. Which is the best
nursing implication? (≤65 words)
A. Recommend switching to formula immediately.
B. Continue exclusive breastfeeding and routine growth
monitoring.
