EXAM 2: NR 293 PHARMACOLOGY FOR
NURSING PRACTICE, 2025/2026 WITH
CORRECT/ACCURATE ANSWERS
Analgesics - CORRECT-ANSWERS--- Pain Medication
- medications aimed at reducing pain without causing sedation >>>
commonly known as painkillers, are medications used to relieve pain.
They work in different ways depending on the type, such as by reducing
inflammation at the site of injury or by altering the brain's perception of
pain. Analgesics can be categorized into several major groups, each with
its own mechanism of action, side effects, and uses.
NSAIDS - CORRECT-ANSWERS--- Aspirin
- Ibuprofen
- Celecoxib
- Acetaminophen
- Indomethacin
- Magnesium
- Naproxen >>> NSAIDs, or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, are a
class of medications widely used to relieve pain, reduce inflammation, and
lower fever. They are available both over-the-counter and by prescription
and are commonly used to treat conditions like arthritis, muscle aches,
headaches, and menstrual pain.
Ibuprofen and Aspirin - CORRECT-ANSWERS--inhibit or block
prostaglandins, thus reducing inflammation, pain and swelling >>>
Ibuprofen (e.g., Advil, Motrin) and Aspirin are both nonsteroidal anti-
inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) used to relieve pain, reduce fever, and
decrease inflammation. However, there are significant differences
,between them regarding their mechanism of action, specific uses, and
drug interactions, particularly with regard to cardiovascular health.
Celecoxib - CORRECT-ANSWERS--anti-inflammatory drug given for
osteoarthritis >>> Celecoxib, commonly known by the brand name
Celebrex, is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) used to relieve
pain and inflammation. Unlike traditional, non-selective NSAIDs like
ibuprofen, celecoxib is a selective COX-2 inhibitor.
Cyclooxygenase 2 (Cox 2) - CORRECT-ANSWERS--an enzyme directly
responsible for inflammation, swelling and pain. >>> Cyclooxygenase 2
(COX-2) is a key enzyme involved in the inflammatory response, playing a
crucial role in the production of prostaglandins that mediate pain and
inflammation. It is one of two main isoforms of the cyclooxygenase
enzyme, with the other being COX-1.
Acetaminophen (Tylenol) - CORRECT-ANSWERS--toxic for your liver
(tyLIVER)
Hydromorphone - CORRECT-ANSWERS--- side effects (urinary retention)
- important to monitor urine output
Morphine Sulfate - CORRECT-ANSWERS--- side effects (constipation,
pruritis, hypotension)
- decrease in pain level
- decrease in tachycardia
- absence of facial grimacing or discomfort
- verbalization of pain relief
Anxiety Disorder - CORRECT-ANSWERS--anxiety that interferes with daily
life
, Buspirone - CORRECT-ANSWERS--commonly used antianxiety drug to treat
Anxiety disorder
Bipolar Disorder - CORRECT-ANSWERS--extreme mood swings, also known
as manic-depression
Lithium - CORRECT-ANSWERS--- commonly used mood stabilizer
- therapeutic level = 0.8-1.2
Psychosis - CORRECT-ANSWERS--severe mental illness such as
schizophrenia
Antipsychotics - CORRECT-ANSWERS--used to treat refractory or recurring
schizophrenia
Risperidone - CORRECT-ANSWERS--helps to reduce paranoia and
delusions
Antidepressants - CORRECT-ANSWERS--- may take up to 4 weeks to notice
therapeutic effects
- prevent the absorption of serotonin in the body, thus increasing
concentration in the brain, elevating mood
Serotonin - CORRECT-ANSWERS--- acts as neurotransmitter
- mostly in the brain but found in digestive system and blood platelets
- mood, sexual desire, appetite, sleep, memory, temperature regulation
and social behavior
Serotonin Syndrome - CORRECT-ANSWERS--- when there is too much
serotonin in the body
NURSING PRACTICE, 2025/2026 WITH
CORRECT/ACCURATE ANSWERS
Analgesics - CORRECT-ANSWERS--- Pain Medication
- medications aimed at reducing pain without causing sedation >>>
commonly known as painkillers, are medications used to relieve pain.
They work in different ways depending on the type, such as by reducing
inflammation at the site of injury or by altering the brain's perception of
pain. Analgesics can be categorized into several major groups, each with
its own mechanism of action, side effects, and uses.
NSAIDS - CORRECT-ANSWERS--- Aspirin
- Ibuprofen
- Celecoxib
- Acetaminophen
- Indomethacin
- Magnesium
- Naproxen >>> NSAIDs, or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, are a
class of medications widely used to relieve pain, reduce inflammation, and
lower fever. They are available both over-the-counter and by prescription
and are commonly used to treat conditions like arthritis, muscle aches,
headaches, and menstrual pain.
Ibuprofen and Aspirin - CORRECT-ANSWERS--inhibit or block
prostaglandins, thus reducing inflammation, pain and swelling >>>
Ibuprofen (e.g., Advil, Motrin) and Aspirin are both nonsteroidal anti-
inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) used to relieve pain, reduce fever, and
decrease inflammation. However, there are significant differences
,between them regarding their mechanism of action, specific uses, and
drug interactions, particularly with regard to cardiovascular health.
Celecoxib - CORRECT-ANSWERS--anti-inflammatory drug given for
osteoarthritis >>> Celecoxib, commonly known by the brand name
Celebrex, is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) used to relieve
pain and inflammation. Unlike traditional, non-selective NSAIDs like
ibuprofen, celecoxib is a selective COX-2 inhibitor.
Cyclooxygenase 2 (Cox 2) - CORRECT-ANSWERS--an enzyme directly
responsible for inflammation, swelling and pain. >>> Cyclooxygenase 2
(COX-2) is a key enzyme involved in the inflammatory response, playing a
crucial role in the production of prostaglandins that mediate pain and
inflammation. It is one of two main isoforms of the cyclooxygenase
enzyme, with the other being COX-1.
Acetaminophen (Tylenol) - CORRECT-ANSWERS--toxic for your liver
(tyLIVER)
Hydromorphone - CORRECT-ANSWERS--- side effects (urinary retention)
- important to monitor urine output
Morphine Sulfate - CORRECT-ANSWERS--- side effects (constipation,
pruritis, hypotension)
- decrease in pain level
- decrease in tachycardia
- absence of facial grimacing or discomfort
- verbalization of pain relief
Anxiety Disorder - CORRECT-ANSWERS--anxiety that interferes with daily
life
, Buspirone - CORRECT-ANSWERS--commonly used antianxiety drug to treat
Anxiety disorder
Bipolar Disorder - CORRECT-ANSWERS--extreme mood swings, also known
as manic-depression
Lithium - CORRECT-ANSWERS--- commonly used mood stabilizer
- therapeutic level = 0.8-1.2
Psychosis - CORRECT-ANSWERS--severe mental illness such as
schizophrenia
Antipsychotics - CORRECT-ANSWERS--used to treat refractory or recurring
schizophrenia
Risperidone - CORRECT-ANSWERS--helps to reduce paranoia and
delusions
Antidepressants - CORRECT-ANSWERS--- may take up to 4 weeks to notice
therapeutic effects
- prevent the absorption of serotonin in the body, thus increasing
concentration in the brain, elevating mood
Serotonin - CORRECT-ANSWERS--- acts as neurotransmitter
- mostly in the brain but found in digestive system and blood platelets
- mood, sexual desire, appetite, sleep, memory, temperature regulation
and social behavior
Serotonin Syndrome - CORRECT-ANSWERS--- when there is too much
serotonin in the body
