“JD Next Exam 2025: Latest Questions with
Correct Answers (Graded A)”
What is acceptance in contract law? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔✔,,,,Assent to the terms of an offer.
How must acceptance be judged? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔✔,,Objectively.
Can acceptance be expressed or implied? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔✔,,Yes, it can be either
expressly stated or implied by the offeree's conduct.
What is required for acceptance to form a binding contract? - CORRECT
ANSWER✔✔✔,,Acceptance should be relayed in a manner authorized, requested, or at least
reasonably expected by the offeror.
Accruing - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔✔,,To be added as a matter of periodic gain or advantage, as
interest on money.
What does the term 'affirm' generally mean in a legal context? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔✔,,To
confirm or ratify.
What happens when an appellate court affirms a ruling? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔✔,,The court
agrees that the prior ruling was valid and must stand as rendered.
In what context do courts and administrative boards use the term 'affirm'? - CORRECT
ANSWER✔✔✔,,To mean 'approve'.
What choice do government officials and witnesses have regarding oaths? - CORRECT
ANSWER✔✔✔,,They may choose to 'affirm' the content of the oath rather than 'swear' to it.
Can you give an example of a situation where someone might 'affirm' an oath? - CORRECT
ANSWER✔✔✔,,The oath of office of U.S. Senators.
,What is an allegation? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔✔,,A claim of fact not yet proven to be true.
In a lawsuit, where are allegations presented? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔✔,,In a complaint,
indictment, or affirmative defense.
What is the purpose of presenting evidence at trial in relation to allegations? - CORRECT
ANSWER✔✔✔,,To attempt to prove the truth of the allegations.
What is an appeal in legal terms? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔✔,,A challenge to a previous legal
determination.
To whom is an appeal directed? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔✔,,A legal power higher than the power
making the challenged determination.
Where can trial court determinations typically be appealed? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔✔,,In an
appellate court.
What is the highest court in the federal system that can review appellate court rulings? - CORRECT
ANSWER✔✔✔,,The United States Supreme Court.
Who is the person pursuing an appeal called? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔✔,,Appellant.
What is the term for the person defending the lower court's ruling? - CORRECT
ANSWER✔✔✔,,Appellee or respondent.
What is an appeal of right? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔✔,,An appeal that the higher court must hear
if the losing party demands it.
What is a discretionary appeal? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔✔,,An appeal that the higher court may
consider, but does not have to.
,Can appeals originate from decisions made by executive agencies? - CORRECT
ANSWER✔✔✔,,Yes, in administrative law, people can appeal such decisions in court.
What is an appellant? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔✔,,The party who appeals a lower court's decision
in a higher court.
What does the appellant seek? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔✔,,Reversal or modification of the lower
court's decision.
Who is the appellee? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔✔,,The party against whom the appeal is filed.
In a case where P sues D and wins, who is the appellant if D files an appeal? - CORRECT
ANSWER✔✔✔,,D is the appellant.
If D wins the appeal and P appeals next, who becomes the appellant? - CORRECT
ANSWER✔✔✔,,P becomes the appellant.
Arbitrary Discretion - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔✔,,When used in reference to a judge's ruling in a
court case, arbitrary means based on individual discretion rather than a fair application of the law.
For example, finding someone guilty of a crime simply because they have a beard would be an
arbitrary decision. However, a discretionary decision is not always arbitrary. Although, the law
sometimes gives judges discretionary powers, it also requires them to act within boundaries when
applying general principles of law to the facts of a particular case. As a result, a judge cannot act in
disregard of the evidence or ignore established precedent. Such disregard would be arbitrary.
Assent - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔✔,,The expression of approval or agreement.
What is an assignee? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔✔,,A person to whom a property right is transferred
by the person holding such rights under contract.
What is the person who transfers property rights called? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔✔,,The assignor.
, What is the act of transferring property rights called? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔✔,,Assigning or
assignment.
In which areas of law is the concept of assignment used? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔✔,,Contract and
property law.
What does it mean to assume in a legal context? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔✔,,To undertake or take
over a certain duty or responsibility.
What is an example of assuming a debt? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔✔,,Alice may assume Bob's
liability for a debt, meaning she takes over Bob's debt.
Avers - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔✔,,To state or assert to be the case.
What is the definition of an award in legal terms? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔✔,,A final judgment or
decision.
What is usually the centerpiece of an award? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔✔,,A declaration that one
party owes another a certain amount of money.
Who can make decisions referred to as awards? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔✔,,Arbitrators, juries,
and judges.
What does it mean if a bank account bears interest? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔✔,,The bank pays
you a particular amount of money for keeping your money in the account.
What is typically paid by a bank for keeping money in an account? - CORRECT
ANSWER✔✔✔,,Interest
What is black letter law? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔✔,,Basic standard rules that are generally
known and free from doubt.
Correct Answers (Graded A)”
What is acceptance in contract law? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔✔,,,,Assent to the terms of an offer.
How must acceptance be judged? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔✔,,Objectively.
Can acceptance be expressed or implied? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔✔,,Yes, it can be either
expressly stated or implied by the offeree's conduct.
What is required for acceptance to form a binding contract? - CORRECT
ANSWER✔✔✔,,Acceptance should be relayed in a manner authorized, requested, or at least
reasonably expected by the offeror.
Accruing - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔✔,,To be added as a matter of periodic gain or advantage, as
interest on money.
What does the term 'affirm' generally mean in a legal context? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔✔,,To
confirm or ratify.
What happens when an appellate court affirms a ruling? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔✔,,The court
agrees that the prior ruling was valid and must stand as rendered.
In what context do courts and administrative boards use the term 'affirm'? - CORRECT
ANSWER✔✔✔,,To mean 'approve'.
What choice do government officials and witnesses have regarding oaths? - CORRECT
ANSWER✔✔✔,,They may choose to 'affirm' the content of the oath rather than 'swear' to it.
Can you give an example of a situation where someone might 'affirm' an oath? - CORRECT
ANSWER✔✔✔,,The oath of office of U.S. Senators.
,What is an allegation? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔✔,,A claim of fact not yet proven to be true.
In a lawsuit, where are allegations presented? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔✔,,In a complaint,
indictment, or affirmative defense.
What is the purpose of presenting evidence at trial in relation to allegations? - CORRECT
ANSWER✔✔✔,,To attempt to prove the truth of the allegations.
What is an appeal in legal terms? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔✔,,A challenge to a previous legal
determination.
To whom is an appeal directed? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔✔,,A legal power higher than the power
making the challenged determination.
Where can trial court determinations typically be appealed? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔✔,,In an
appellate court.
What is the highest court in the federal system that can review appellate court rulings? - CORRECT
ANSWER✔✔✔,,The United States Supreme Court.
Who is the person pursuing an appeal called? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔✔,,Appellant.
What is the term for the person defending the lower court's ruling? - CORRECT
ANSWER✔✔✔,,Appellee or respondent.
What is an appeal of right? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔✔,,An appeal that the higher court must hear
if the losing party demands it.
What is a discretionary appeal? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔✔,,An appeal that the higher court may
consider, but does not have to.
,Can appeals originate from decisions made by executive agencies? - CORRECT
ANSWER✔✔✔,,Yes, in administrative law, people can appeal such decisions in court.
What is an appellant? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔✔,,The party who appeals a lower court's decision
in a higher court.
What does the appellant seek? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔✔,,Reversal or modification of the lower
court's decision.
Who is the appellee? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔✔,,The party against whom the appeal is filed.
In a case where P sues D and wins, who is the appellant if D files an appeal? - CORRECT
ANSWER✔✔✔,,D is the appellant.
If D wins the appeal and P appeals next, who becomes the appellant? - CORRECT
ANSWER✔✔✔,,P becomes the appellant.
Arbitrary Discretion - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔✔,,When used in reference to a judge's ruling in a
court case, arbitrary means based on individual discretion rather than a fair application of the law.
For example, finding someone guilty of a crime simply because they have a beard would be an
arbitrary decision. However, a discretionary decision is not always arbitrary. Although, the law
sometimes gives judges discretionary powers, it also requires them to act within boundaries when
applying general principles of law to the facts of a particular case. As a result, a judge cannot act in
disregard of the evidence or ignore established precedent. Such disregard would be arbitrary.
Assent - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔✔,,The expression of approval or agreement.
What is an assignee? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔✔,,A person to whom a property right is transferred
by the person holding such rights under contract.
What is the person who transfers property rights called? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔✔,,The assignor.
, What is the act of transferring property rights called? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔✔,,Assigning or
assignment.
In which areas of law is the concept of assignment used? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔✔,,Contract and
property law.
What does it mean to assume in a legal context? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔✔,,To undertake or take
over a certain duty or responsibility.
What is an example of assuming a debt? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔✔,,Alice may assume Bob's
liability for a debt, meaning she takes over Bob's debt.
Avers - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔✔,,To state or assert to be the case.
What is the definition of an award in legal terms? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔✔,,A final judgment or
decision.
What is usually the centerpiece of an award? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔✔,,A declaration that one
party owes another a certain amount of money.
Who can make decisions referred to as awards? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔✔,,Arbitrators, juries,
and judges.
What does it mean if a bank account bears interest? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔✔,,The bank pays
you a particular amount of money for keeping your money in the account.
What is typically paid by a bank for keeping money in an account? - CORRECT
ANSWER✔✔✔,,Interest
What is black letter law? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔✔,,Basic standard rules that are generally
known and free from doubt.
