IDRL308-ATHABASCA UNIT 1-4 EXAM
QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS
incident vs accident - Answer- its better to use incident because it includes any
underside event that leads or could lead to harm. this includes near misses. it can use
short term or long term. accident is event that leads to some degree of harm
hazard identification - Answer- inspect workplace including observing process, talk with
workers, job inventory such as job description, task alnalasys..( mapping out flow of
work to allow for examination of how job is supposed to be conducted) compare this to
worker interview, record and data viewing previous workplace incident, measuring and
testing, research
hazard assessment - Answer- you first prioritize which hazard to control first. you use a
risk assessment using probability, consequence, and exposure
hazard control - Answer- in order of most effective form: elimination, substitution,
engineering control ( modification, installing rail gurdads, ventilation system),
administrative control ( change in work process, training, work process...they dont
actually control hazard), and PPE like helmet lies, fall protection system
critique of hierarchy of control approach - Answer- hazard focused so it dehumanizes
control process, technology over process, and traditional hazards ( work less with
service sector jobs which doesn't recognize easily stress, harassment, repetitive strain)
what is location of control - Answer- a better work centre approach and is looking at the
hazard control in tcontex t of where worker is in production process. 3 controls:
-control at source( elimination, substitution or some type of engineer control)
-control along path-machine guard, local ventilation,
-control at worker-pep and administrative control
why are hazards not agreed on - Answer- workers want safety, employers want money,
disagree over what is hazard, harder to see chemical biological ergonomic and
psychological hazards,, also some hazards have unclear causation, also assessment of
hazards is not agreed on. what is first, also how to control the hazard. employer go for
cheaper PPE
WHAT IS active failure and latent failure - Answer- active is immediate factors that lead
to risk. latent failure is conditions that elicit substandard or unsafe behavior that are
present in system without causing immediate threat but have potential to harm: design,
organization of work, management decision
, noise has what 3 parts - Answer- duration, frequency , loudness. 85 db during 8 hrs
why are workplace stress underregoginzed as hazards - Answer- -stress is individuals
response so 2 diff individuals react 2 different ways to trigger.
-hard to identify issue
-hard to isolate stressors
-worplace stress is result of workplace factors interplaying
-preventing effects of stress requires change to job design, workload, culture,
interpersonal dynamics
4 routes of entry for chemical hazards - Answer- most common being thru respiration
and aborption. can also be ingestion and cut thru skin. acute toxicity is immediate harm.
chronic is long term
what are OELS what are some of the critiques of how they are set - Answer-
occupational exposure limits are legal maximum a worker can be exposed for a
chemical. based on available science but the process it is calculated is bias toward
higher exposer limits. this is because science method leads to overly conservative
approach to chemical and biological hazard that tend to downplay associated risk to
worker health. .
-limit of scientific method combined with emploeyer conflict of interest leading to
collusion to hide data leads to overly conservative approac
what are arguments for and against prohibiting work alone - Answer- by itself its not
hazard. however stat of being alone intensifies other hazards. workers lack access to
assistance , and increasing risk to harm of worker. also worker is isolated in some
fashion from other coworkers. also the contact needs to be with someone capable of
responding . best think is to either have 2 people or establishing a two step
communication
what is precautionary principle - Answer- it is placing burden of proof on the party
wishing to use it to demonstrate it is safe.
Precarious employment - Answer- Those forms of work characterized by limited social
benefits and statutory entitlements, job insecurity, low wages, and high risks of ill health.
women and minorities more e likely. linked ti increased stress and poor well being,
increased risk of work related injury. precarious work is on the rise. more like to get
injured. less aware of rights, lack of ohs resources, owners downplay risk
nature of employment relationship - Answer- high demand and low control linked to high
level of stress. also shift work
what is best method to prevent violence and harsssment - Answer- actually part of
OHS, not just human resources. employers are resposible for creating safe workplace
and fee of harassment, bullying. factors such as money drugs and alcohol target for
QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS
incident vs accident - Answer- its better to use incident because it includes any
underside event that leads or could lead to harm. this includes near misses. it can use
short term or long term. accident is event that leads to some degree of harm
hazard identification - Answer- inspect workplace including observing process, talk with
workers, job inventory such as job description, task alnalasys..( mapping out flow of
work to allow for examination of how job is supposed to be conducted) compare this to
worker interview, record and data viewing previous workplace incident, measuring and
testing, research
hazard assessment - Answer- you first prioritize which hazard to control first. you use a
risk assessment using probability, consequence, and exposure
hazard control - Answer- in order of most effective form: elimination, substitution,
engineering control ( modification, installing rail gurdads, ventilation system),
administrative control ( change in work process, training, work process...they dont
actually control hazard), and PPE like helmet lies, fall protection system
critique of hierarchy of control approach - Answer- hazard focused so it dehumanizes
control process, technology over process, and traditional hazards ( work less with
service sector jobs which doesn't recognize easily stress, harassment, repetitive strain)
what is location of control - Answer- a better work centre approach and is looking at the
hazard control in tcontex t of where worker is in production process. 3 controls:
-control at source( elimination, substitution or some type of engineer control)
-control along path-machine guard, local ventilation,
-control at worker-pep and administrative control
why are hazards not agreed on - Answer- workers want safety, employers want money,
disagree over what is hazard, harder to see chemical biological ergonomic and
psychological hazards,, also some hazards have unclear causation, also assessment of
hazards is not agreed on. what is first, also how to control the hazard. employer go for
cheaper PPE
WHAT IS active failure and latent failure - Answer- active is immediate factors that lead
to risk. latent failure is conditions that elicit substandard or unsafe behavior that are
present in system without causing immediate threat but have potential to harm: design,
organization of work, management decision
, noise has what 3 parts - Answer- duration, frequency , loudness. 85 db during 8 hrs
why are workplace stress underregoginzed as hazards - Answer- -stress is individuals
response so 2 diff individuals react 2 different ways to trigger.
-hard to identify issue
-hard to isolate stressors
-worplace stress is result of workplace factors interplaying
-preventing effects of stress requires change to job design, workload, culture,
interpersonal dynamics
4 routes of entry for chemical hazards - Answer- most common being thru respiration
and aborption. can also be ingestion and cut thru skin. acute toxicity is immediate harm.
chronic is long term
what are OELS what are some of the critiques of how they are set - Answer-
occupational exposure limits are legal maximum a worker can be exposed for a
chemical. based on available science but the process it is calculated is bias toward
higher exposer limits. this is because science method leads to overly conservative
approach to chemical and biological hazard that tend to downplay associated risk to
worker health. .
-limit of scientific method combined with emploeyer conflict of interest leading to
collusion to hide data leads to overly conservative approac
what are arguments for and against prohibiting work alone - Answer- by itself its not
hazard. however stat of being alone intensifies other hazards. workers lack access to
assistance , and increasing risk to harm of worker. also worker is isolated in some
fashion from other coworkers. also the contact needs to be with someone capable of
responding . best think is to either have 2 people or establishing a two step
communication
what is precautionary principle - Answer- it is placing burden of proof on the party
wishing to use it to demonstrate it is safe.
Precarious employment - Answer- Those forms of work characterized by limited social
benefits and statutory entitlements, job insecurity, low wages, and high risks of ill health.
women and minorities more e likely. linked ti increased stress and poor well being,
increased risk of work related injury. precarious work is on the rise. more like to get
injured. less aware of rights, lack of ohs resources, owners downplay risk
nature of employment relationship - Answer- high demand and low control linked to high
level of stress. also shift work
what is best method to prevent violence and harsssment - Answer- actually part of
OHS, not just human resources. employers are resposible for creating safe workplace
and fee of harassment, bullying. factors such as money drugs and alcohol target for
