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Samenvatting - Laboratoriumgeneeskunde

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Geslaagd 1e zit - Dit is een samenvatting van het deel gegeven door Prof. Cassiman en Prof. Bossuyt uit het vak ziektemechanismen. Het document is gebaseerd op mijn notities uit de les.

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Uploaded on
December 11, 2020
File latest updated on
December 23, 2020
Number of pages
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Written in
2020/2021
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S A M E N VAT T I N G

L ABORATORIUM
GENEESKUNDE




1

, INHOUDSTAFEL
Inhoudstafel .........................................................................................................................................2

Inleiding ...............................................................................................................................................3
1. Wat is klinische biologie ...................................................................................................................................................3
2. Rol van laboratoriumtesten in diagnostisch proces .............................................................................................................3
3. Diagnostische onzekerheid ...............................................................................................................................................4
4. Referentiewaarden ..........................................................................................................................................................5
5. Diagnostische performantie van een test ...........................................................................................................................5
6. Rapporteren van diagnostische performantie ....................................................................................................................6

De pre-analytische fase ........................................................................................................................7
1. De laboratoriumtest cyclus ...............................................................................................................................................7
2. Staalsoorten....................................................................................................................................................................7

Urine-onderzoek ................................................................................................................................10
1. Verzamelen goed urinestaal ...........................................................................................................................................10
2. Uitzicht, geur en kleur ....................................................................................................................................................10
3. Teststrook ......................................................................................................................................................................10
4. Urine-microscopie ..........................................................................................................................................................12
5. Opsporen drugs en medicatie .........................................................................................................................................12

Eiwitchemie ........................................................................................................................................13
1. Eiwit..............................................................................................................................................................................13
2. Immunologische reactie ...................................................................................................................................................13
3. Zone elektroforese ..........................................................................................................................................................13

Hematologie.......................................................................................................................................17
1. Rode bloedcellen ...........................................................................................................................................................17

LABO Semiologie ...............................................................................................................................22
1. Ijzerset ..........................................................................................................................................................................22
2. Varia..............................................................................................................................................................................22
3. Enzymologie...................................................................................................................................................................23
4. Lipiden ...........................................................................................................................................................................26
5. B12 en foliumzuur ...........................................................................................................................................................26




2

, INLEIDING
1. W a t i s k l i n i s c h e b i o l o g i e
= Alles wat te maken heeft met laboratoriumtechnieken zowel bij de profylaxe en pathologi
- Diagnose stelle
- Balans opmaken over werking van orgaa
- Uitslag van behandeling beoordele
Omvat als medisch specialisme: microbiologie, chemie en hematologi

Impact van de vooruitgang klinische biologi
+ Onmisbaar in de dagelijkse praktijk voor preventie, diagnose en opvolging van de
patiënte
- Neiging om minder aandacht te besteden aan klinisch onderzoe
- Onoordeelkundig gebruik en aanvraag van nutteloze test aanvragen → onnodige kosten,
onnodige bijkomende onderzoeken etc


2. R o l v a n l a b o r a t o r i u m t e s t e n i n
diagnostisch proces
Hoe labotest zien in context van diagnostisch proces
1. Is er een labotest nodig
2. Laboratoriumtest uitvoeren om meer inzicht te verwerven
3. Mbv resultaten een beslissing nemen omtrent behadelin

➩ Labotest is enkel nuttig als obv resultaat in staat om het medisch beleid te wijzigen

Diagnostisch proce
→ klinisch zinvol gebruiken van labotes
- Wat is de kans dat een patiënt een bepaalde ziekte heeft → pretest probabilitei
- Kennis over de performantie van de test
- Kennis over de impact van bekomen posttest probabiliteit op het beleid

a. Pretest probabilitei
- Frequentie van de ziekte in de populati
- Individuele patiënt: ✧ Symptomen
✧ Presentatie
✧ Voorgeschiedeni
✧ Risicofactore

b. Wie mag labotest aanvragen
- Geneeshee
- Tandart
- Vroedvrou




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Geneeskunde samenvattingen

Hey, wat leuk dat je hier even een kijkje komt nemen! Hier kan je samenvattingen en opgeloste examenvragen (van Wikimedica) vinden voor Geneeskunde aan de KUL. Als je vragen hebt, aarzel dan niet om mij een berichtje te sturen. Alvast veel succes met blokken!

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