Exam 3: NUR6111 / NUR 6111 (Latest
Update ) Advanced Practice
Nursing I | Test Review Questions & Answers
| 100% Correct | Grade A - WPUNJ
Endocrine Disorders
1. What is a hallmark symptom of type 1 diabetes mellitus?
Answer: Polyuria, polydipsia, and weight loss
Rationale: Type 1 diabetes results from insulin deficiency, causing hyperglycemia and
osmotic diuresis.
2. What is the first-line treatment for type 1 diabetes?
Answer: Insulin therapy
Rationale: Insulin replacement is essential due to autoimmune destruction of pancreatic
beta cells.
3. What is a diagnostic criterion for diabetes mellitus?
Answer: HbA1c ≥ 6.5%
Rationale: HbA1c reflects average blood glucose over 2–3 months, confirming diabetes.
4. What is a hallmark symptom of type 2 diabetes mellitus?
Answer: Fatigue, blurred vision, and slow-healing wounds
Rationale: Type 2 diabetes involves insulin resistance, leading to chronic hyperglycemia
symptoms.
5. What is a first-line treatment for type 2 diabetes?
Answer: Metformin
, Rationale: Metformin reduces hepatic glucose production and improves insulin
sensitivity.
6. What is a side effect of metformin?
Answer: Gastrointestinal upset
Rationale: Common side effects include nausea and diarrhea, often minimized by slow
titration.
7. What is a contraindication for metformin?
Answer: Renal impairment (eGFR < 30 mL/min)
Rationale: Metformin increases lactic acidosis risk in renal dysfunction.
8. What is diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)?
Answer: A life-threatening complication with hyperglycemia, ketosis, and acidosis
Rationale: DKA occurs primarily in type 1 diabetes due to insulin deficiency.
9. What is a treatment for DKA?
Answer: IV insulin and fluid replacement
Rationale: Insulin corrects hyperglycemia, and fluids address dehydration and electrolyte
imbalances.
10. What is a hallmark symptom of hyperthyroidism?
Answer: Weight loss, palpitations, and heat intolerance
Rationale: Excess thyroid hormone increases metabolism, causing these symptoms.
11. What is a diagnostic test for hyperthyroidism?
Answer: Low TSH and high free T4
Rationale: Suppressed TSH with elevated thyroid hormones confirms hyperthyroidism.
12. What is a first-line treatment for hyperthyroidism?
Answer: Methimazole
Rationale: Antithyroid drugs like methimazole inhibit thyroid hormone synthesis.
Update ) Advanced Practice
Nursing I | Test Review Questions & Answers
| 100% Correct | Grade A - WPUNJ
Endocrine Disorders
1. What is a hallmark symptom of type 1 diabetes mellitus?
Answer: Polyuria, polydipsia, and weight loss
Rationale: Type 1 diabetes results from insulin deficiency, causing hyperglycemia and
osmotic diuresis.
2. What is the first-line treatment for type 1 diabetes?
Answer: Insulin therapy
Rationale: Insulin replacement is essential due to autoimmune destruction of pancreatic
beta cells.
3. What is a diagnostic criterion for diabetes mellitus?
Answer: HbA1c ≥ 6.5%
Rationale: HbA1c reflects average blood glucose over 2–3 months, confirming diabetes.
4. What is a hallmark symptom of type 2 diabetes mellitus?
Answer: Fatigue, blurred vision, and slow-healing wounds
Rationale: Type 2 diabetes involves insulin resistance, leading to chronic hyperglycemia
symptoms.
5. What is a first-line treatment for type 2 diabetes?
Answer: Metformin
, Rationale: Metformin reduces hepatic glucose production and improves insulin
sensitivity.
6. What is a side effect of metformin?
Answer: Gastrointestinal upset
Rationale: Common side effects include nausea and diarrhea, often minimized by slow
titration.
7. What is a contraindication for metformin?
Answer: Renal impairment (eGFR < 30 mL/min)
Rationale: Metformin increases lactic acidosis risk in renal dysfunction.
8. What is diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)?
Answer: A life-threatening complication with hyperglycemia, ketosis, and acidosis
Rationale: DKA occurs primarily in type 1 diabetes due to insulin deficiency.
9. What is a treatment for DKA?
Answer: IV insulin and fluid replacement
Rationale: Insulin corrects hyperglycemia, and fluids address dehydration and electrolyte
imbalances.
10. What is a hallmark symptom of hyperthyroidism?
Answer: Weight loss, palpitations, and heat intolerance
Rationale: Excess thyroid hormone increases metabolism, causing these symptoms.
11. What is a diagnostic test for hyperthyroidism?
Answer: Low TSH and high free T4
Rationale: Suppressed TSH with elevated thyroid hormones confirms hyperthyroidism.
12. What is a first-line treatment for hyperthyroidism?
Answer: Methimazole
Rationale: Antithyroid drugs like methimazole inhibit thyroid hormone synthesis.
