ASCP Molecular Biology Exam 2026
Questions and Answers 100% Pass
Guaranteed
Pyrimidine - Correct answer-one carbon ring
Cytosine, Thymine, Uracil
Purine - Correct answer-two carbon rings
Adenine, Guanine
How are nucleotides joined together? - Correct answer-condensation
What does mRNA do? - Correct answer-carries code out of cell.
code for protein structure.
DNA to ribosomes
end of transcription start of translation
What does tRNA do? - Correct answer-decodes mRNA. Matches amino acids to
mRNA code. Protein synthesis
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,What does rRNA do? - Correct answer-part of ribosome structure
most abundant RNA
coordinated coupling of tRNA to mRNA codons
Feedback Inhibition - Correct answer-end product of pathway is noncompetitive
inhibitor
binds to allosteric site to slow down rxn b/c too much product
Exonucleases - Correct answer-degrades nucleic acids by removing one terminal
nucleotide at a time
cleaves phosphodiester bond at end of chain
5' ---> 3' and 3' ---> 5'
Endonucleases - Correct answer-cleaves phoshpodiester bonds w/in chain
recognition site is palindromic sequence
cleaves unevenly, leaves sticky ends
(restriction enzymes)
DNA polymerase III - Correct answer-copies DNA by reading existing strand,
builds new comp. strand
always adds to 3' end
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, can't start new strand on its own (ORI sites)
ORI sites - Correct answer-origin of replication on chromosome
triggers DNA replication
gyrase - Correct answer-unwinds DNA in front of fork
DNA polymerase I - Correct answer-removes RNA nucleotides form RNA primers
and replaces with DNA
(makes sure primers that start replication are removed)
helicase - Correct answer-breaks H-bonds of double helix
topoisomerase - Correct answer-breaks/ reseals DNA backbone to release tension
caused by twisting
(DNA gyrase)
primase - Correct answer-(RNA pol)
primers, small RNA, serves as starting points for copying DNA
helper enzyme for DNA pol III
single-strand DNA-binding proteins (SSBPs) - Correct answer-hold DNA open
during replication
Okazaki fragments - Correct answer-lagging strand
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Questions and Answers 100% Pass
Guaranteed
Pyrimidine - Correct answer-one carbon ring
Cytosine, Thymine, Uracil
Purine - Correct answer-two carbon rings
Adenine, Guanine
How are nucleotides joined together? - Correct answer-condensation
What does mRNA do? - Correct answer-carries code out of cell.
code for protein structure.
DNA to ribosomes
end of transcription start of translation
What does tRNA do? - Correct answer-decodes mRNA. Matches amino acids to
mRNA code. Protein synthesis
©COPYRIGHT 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVE 1
,What does rRNA do? - Correct answer-part of ribosome structure
most abundant RNA
coordinated coupling of tRNA to mRNA codons
Feedback Inhibition - Correct answer-end product of pathway is noncompetitive
inhibitor
binds to allosteric site to slow down rxn b/c too much product
Exonucleases - Correct answer-degrades nucleic acids by removing one terminal
nucleotide at a time
cleaves phosphodiester bond at end of chain
5' ---> 3' and 3' ---> 5'
Endonucleases - Correct answer-cleaves phoshpodiester bonds w/in chain
recognition site is palindromic sequence
cleaves unevenly, leaves sticky ends
(restriction enzymes)
DNA polymerase III - Correct answer-copies DNA by reading existing strand,
builds new comp. strand
always adds to 3' end
©COPYRIGHT 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVE 2
, can't start new strand on its own (ORI sites)
ORI sites - Correct answer-origin of replication on chromosome
triggers DNA replication
gyrase - Correct answer-unwinds DNA in front of fork
DNA polymerase I - Correct answer-removes RNA nucleotides form RNA primers
and replaces with DNA
(makes sure primers that start replication are removed)
helicase - Correct answer-breaks H-bonds of double helix
topoisomerase - Correct answer-breaks/ reseals DNA backbone to release tension
caused by twisting
(DNA gyrase)
primase - Correct answer-(RNA pol)
primers, small RNA, serves as starting points for copying DNA
helper enzyme for DNA pol III
single-strand DNA-binding proteins (SSBPs) - Correct answer-hold DNA open
during replication
Okazaki fragments - Correct answer-lagging strand
©COPYRIGHT 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVE 3
