Rasmussen Pathophysiology Exam 1 Questions and Answers (Verified
Answers) (Latest Update 2025) UPDATE!!
1. function of mitochondria ATP production/cellular respiration, powerhouse of the cell
2. Rough ER That portion of the endoplasmic reticulum studded with ribosomes.
3. Smooth ER That portion of the endoplasmic reticulum that is free of ribosomes.
4. Homeostasis A tendency to maintain a balanced or constant internal state; the
regulation of any aspect of body chemistry, such as blood glucose,
around a particular level
5. Hypertrophy increase in muscle/tissue size, excessive development
6. atrophy the wasting away of a body organ or tissue; any progressive decline
or failure; to waste away
7. Ischemia an inadequate blood supply to an organ or part of the body, espe-
cially the heart muscles.
8. S/S of Objective Data Any observations made by using your senses (pts. blood pressure,
physical findings, and lab values)
9. S/S of Subjective Data Any symptoms pt. complains of, what the pt. feels (pain)
10. Epinephrine Neurotransmitter secreted by the adrenal medulla in response to
stress. Also known as adrenaline.
11. Renin hormone secreted by the kidney; it raises blood pressure by influ-
encing vasoconstriction (narrowing of blood vessels)
12. What causes edema? -reduced concentration of plasma proteins
-increased permeability of capillary wall
-increased venous pressure
-blockage of lymph vessels
, Rasmussen Pathophysiology Exam 1 Questions and Answers (Verified
Answers) (Latest Update 2025) UPDATE!!
13. Signs and symptoms of edema, dysnpea (trouble breathing), hyptertension (high bp), JVD,
fluid excess pulse increase and bounding, weight increase
14. Signs and symptoms of Dry mucous membranes, decreased skin turgor, Low BP, Low pulse,
dehydration fatigue, Increased HCT, decreased mental function, confusion, and
loss of consciousness
15. S/S of hypocalcemia - muscle twitches/tetany
- hyperactive DTRs
- positive Chvostek's sign (tapping on the facial nerve triggering
facial twitching)
- positive Trousseau's sign (hand/finger spasms with sustained
blood pressure cuff inflation)
- seizures
16. Osmosis Diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane
17. Diffusion Movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an
area of lower concentration.
18. active transport Energy-requiring process that moves material across a cell mem-
brane against a concentration difference
19. Effect of hypertonic solu- cell shrinks and can die
tion
20. effect of a hypotonic solu- cell swells and can burst
tion
21. active immunity A form of acquired immunity in which the body produces its own
antibodies against disease-causing antigens.
22. passive immunity
, Rasmussen Pathophysiology Exam 1 Questions and Answers (Verified
Answers) (Latest Update 2025) UPDATE!!
An individual does not produce his or her own antibodies, but rather
receives them directly from another source, such as mother to infant
through breast milk
23. Examples of active immu- natural infection, vaccines,
nity
24. Examples of passive im- IgA in breast milk, maternal IgG crossing placenta, antitoxin, human-
munity ized monoclonal antibody
25. acquired immunity Immunity that is present only after exposure and is highly specific.
26. examples of acquired im- 1) having the infection 2) vaccination
munity
27. innate immunity Immunity that is present before exposure and effective from birth.
Responds to a broad range of pathogens.
28. Examples of innate immu- skin, hair, cilia, mucus membranes, digestive enzymes, stomach acid-
nity ity, inflammatory response, fever, inflammation
29. 5 P's of compartment syn- pain, pallor, pulselessness, paralysis, paresthesia
drome
30. Signs and symptoms of severe pain or burning sensation
compartment syndrome decreased strength in the extremity
paralysis of the extremity
pain with movement
extremity feeling hard to palpation
distal pulses, motor and sensory function possibly normal
emergency care focuses on treating any life threatening injuries first:
immobilize and splint the affected extremity and apply a cold pack
or ice
Answers) (Latest Update 2025) UPDATE!!
1. function of mitochondria ATP production/cellular respiration, powerhouse of the cell
2. Rough ER That portion of the endoplasmic reticulum studded with ribosomes.
3. Smooth ER That portion of the endoplasmic reticulum that is free of ribosomes.
4. Homeostasis A tendency to maintain a balanced or constant internal state; the
regulation of any aspect of body chemistry, such as blood glucose,
around a particular level
5. Hypertrophy increase in muscle/tissue size, excessive development
6. atrophy the wasting away of a body organ or tissue; any progressive decline
or failure; to waste away
7. Ischemia an inadequate blood supply to an organ or part of the body, espe-
cially the heart muscles.
8. S/S of Objective Data Any observations made by using your senses (pts. blood pressure,
physical findings, and lab values)
9. S/S of Subjective Data Any symptoms pt. complains of, what the pt. feels (pain)
10. Epinephrine Neurotransmitter secreted by the adrenal medulla in response to
stress. Also known as adrenaline.
11. Renin hormone secreted by the kidney; it raises blood pressure by influ-
encing vasoconstriction (narrowing of blood vessels)
12. What causes edema? -reduced concentration of plasma proteins
-increased permeability of capillary wall
-increased venous pressure
-blockage of lymph vessels
, Rasmussen Pathophysiology Exam 1 Questions and Answers (Verified
Answers) (Latest Update 2025) UPDATE!!
13. Signs and symptoms of edema, dysnpea (trouble breathing), hyptertension (high bp), JVD,
fluid excess pulse increase and bounding, weight increase
14. Signs and symptoms of Dry mucous membranes, decreased skin turgor, Low BP, Low pulse,
dehydration fatigue, Increased HCT, decreased mental function, confusion, and
loss of consciousness
15. S/S of hypocalcemia - muscle twitches/tetany
- hyperactive DTRs
- positive Chvostek's sign (tapping on the facial nerve triggering
facial twitching)
- positive Trousseau's sign (hand/finger spasms with sustained
blood pressure cuff inflation)
- seizures
16. Osmosis Diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane
17. Diffusion Movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an
area of lower concentration.
18. active transport Energy-requiring process that moves material across a cell mem-
brane against a concentration difference
19. Effect of hypertonic solu- cell shrinks and can die
tion
20. effect of a hypotonic solu- cell swells and can burst
tion
21. active immunity A form of acquired immunity in which the body produces its own
antibodies against disease-causing antigens.
22. passive immunity
, Rasmussen Pathophysiology Exam 1 Questions and Answers (Verified
Answers) (Latest Update 2025) UPDATE!!
An individual does not produce his or her own antibodies, but rather
receives them directly from another source, such as mother to infant
through breast milk
23. Examples of active immu- natural infection, vaccines,
nity
24. Examples of passive im- IgA in breast milk, maternal IgG crossing placenta, antitoxin, human-
munity ized monoclonal antibody
25. acquired immunity Immunity that is present only after exposure and is highly specific.
26. examples of acquired im- 1) having the infection 2) vaccination
munity
27. innate immunity Immunity that is present before exposure and effective from birth.
Responds to a broad range of pathogens.
28. Examples of innate immu- skin, hair, cilia, mucus membranes, digestive enzymes, stomach acid-
nity ity, inflammatory response, fever, inflammation
29. 5 P's of compartment syn- pain, pallor, pulselessness, paralysis, paresthesia
drome
30. Signs and symptoms of severe pain or burning sensation
compartment syndrome decreased strength in the extremity
paralysis of the extremity
pain with movement
extremity feeling hard to palpation
distal pulses, motor and sensory function possibly normal
emergency care focuses on treating any life threatening injuries first:
immobilize and splint the affected extremity and apply a cold pack
or ice
