lOMoAR cPSD| 47061011
Pharm Drugs Classes Flashcards
UPDATED!!!
NERVOUS SYSTEM
Benzodiazepines
• Alprazolam Diazepam
• Lorazepam
• Chlordiazepoxide
• Sedation
• Dependency/Withdrawal - Short term
• Antidote is Flumazenil
Atypical Anxiolytics
• Buspirone
• No Sedation - No Dependency - Long term
• Full effects take weeks
• Take with meals
SSRIs
• Paroxetine
• Sertraline
• Fluoxetine
• Insomnia
• Watch for Serotonin Syndrome (Agitation, Hallucinations, Fever, Diaphoresis,
Tremors)
• Do Not Take With St. John’s Wort
• Full Effects take months
Atypical Antidepressants
• Bupropion
• Trazodone (Major Side Effect - Sedation)
• Depression & Smoke Cessation
• Insomnia, headache, GI Distress, Weight Loss, Agitation, Seizures
TCAs
• Amitriptyline
• Imipramine
• Sedation, orthostatic hypotension Anticholinergic Effects (Urinary Retention,
Constipation, Dry Mouth, Blurry Vision, Photophobia)
, lOMoAR cPSD| 47061011
MAOIs
• Phenelzine
• Tranylcypromine
• HTN Crisis
• Do not eat foods with tyramine
Mood Stabilizers
• Lithium
• Side Effects: GI Upset, Fine Hand Tremors (Coarse in Tox), Polyuria, Weight
gain, Kidney Tox, Electrolyte imbalances
• Monitor Plasma Levels: Tox over 1.5 mEq/L
• Toxicity (Coarse hand tremors, confusion, hypotension, seizures, tinnitus
• No diuretics, Anticholinergics or NSAIDs Contraindicated in Renal
Disease
• Closely monitor NA, Drink 2-3 L of water
Antiepileptics (Bipolar Disorder)
• Carbamazepine (Blood Issues (Anemia, Thrombocytopenia & Leukopenia),
Vision Issues & Rash)
• Valproic Acid (GI Upset, Hepatotoxicity, Pancreatitis, Thrombocytopenia)
Antipsychotics
• Chlorpromazine
• Haloperidol
• EPS, NMS, Agranulocytosis, Anticholinergic Effects, Sedation
• Monitor Vitals 1-2 hours
• Benztropine can control EPS
• Dantrolene can control NMS
Atypical Antipsychotics
• Risperidone (IM q 2 weeks for non-compliance)
• Clozapine (Agranulocytosis)
• Olanzapine
• Diabetes, Weight Gain, Increased Cholesterol, Sedation, Anticholinergic
Effects
• Avoid Alcohol
ADHD Meds
• Methylphenidate
• Amphetamine
• Insomnia, Dysrhythmias, Decreased Appetite, Weight Loss
• Do not give at night
.
, lOMoAR cPSD| 47061011
• Give Immediately Before/After Meals
• Monitor Child’s Weight
Alcohol Abuse (Withdrawal)
*Withdrawal Starts Within 4-12 Hours of Last Drink
*Peaks at 24-48 Hours
• Benzodiazepines - Stabilizes vitals, Decrease Seizures
• Carbamazepine - Decreases Seizures
• Clonidine - Decreases BP & HR
Beta Blockers - Decreases BP, HR, & Cravings
Alcohol Abuse (Abstinence)
• Disulfiram - Vomit
• Naltrexone - Decreases Cravings
• Acamprosate - Decreases Abstinence Symptoms
Opioid & Nicotine Withdrawal
Opioid
• Methadone - Used for Withdrawal & Long-Term Nicotine
• Bupropion
• Nicotine Replacements - Gum, Patch, Nasal Spray
• Varenicline - Reduces Cravings/Withdrawal; monitor for depression
Cholinergics
• Neostigmine
• Pyridostigmine
• Edrophonium (Used to Diagnose MG vs. Cholinergic Crisis)
• Myasthenia Gravis, Reverses Nerve Blocks
• Increased Salivation, Diarrhea, Nausea/Vomiting, Sweating, Bradycardia
Antidote is Atropine
Anti Parkinson’s (Dopamine Agonist)
• Levodopa/Carbidopa
• N/V, Drowsiness, Tics, Orthostatic Hypotension, Darkening of urine/sweat
• Do not take with High Protein Meals, can take with other meals
Anti Parkinson’s (Anticholinergic)
• Benztropine
• Anticholinergic Effects (Dry mouth, Dry Eyes, Blurry Vision, Urinary Retention)
Antiepileptics
• Phenytoin
• Lamotrigine
, lOMoAR cPSD| 47061011
• Carbamazepine
• Valproic Acid
• Gingival Hyperplasia, double vision, rash, ataxia
• Narrow Therapeutic Range - Monitor Levels
• Decreases Oral Contraceptives
Anti Glaucoma (Beta Blockers)
• Timolol
• Glaucoma
• Hold Gentle Pressure on Nasolacrimal Duct for 30-60 Seconds
Anti Glaucoma (Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitor)
• Acetazolamide
• Causes Diuresis
• Flu Like Symptoms, GI Upset, Electrolyte Imbalance
• Give with Food
Ear Drops to Treat Otitis Externa (Swimmer’s Ear)
• Cipro W/ Hydrocortisone
• Roll Container, Don’t Shake Position on Unaffected Side
• Keep pt on Side for 5 mins
• Lightly Pack w/ cotton
• Dry Ear Canal after Swimming/Bathing
Neuromuscular Blocking Agent
• Succinylcholine
• Pancuronium
• Respiratory Arrest, Apnea, Malignant Hyperthermia, Muscle Pain
• Treatment of Malignant Hyperthermia (100% O2, Cooling, Dantrolene (Muscle
Relaxant))
Muscle Relaxant (Direct on Skeletal Muscle)
• Dantrolene
• Used for MS, Muscle Spasm, Cerebral Palsy, Malignant Hyperthermia
• Drowsiness, Muscle Weakness, GI Upset, Hepatotoxicity
• Monitor for Liver Damage
Muscle Relaxant (Centrally Acting)
• Baclofen
• Muscle Spasm, Cerebral Palsy, MS, can also treat Malignant Hyperthermia
• Drowsiness, GI Upset, Constipation (Increase Fiber)
.
Pharm Drugs Classes Flashcards
UPDATED!!!
NERVOUS SYSTEM
Benzodiazepines
• Alprazolam Diazepam
• Lorazepam
• Chlordiazepoxide
• Sedation
• Dependency/Withdrawal - Short term
• Antidote is Flumazenil
Atypical Anxiolytics
• Buspirone
• No Sedation - No Dependency - Long term
• Full effects take weeks
• Take with meals
SSRIs
• Paroxetine
• Sertraline
• Fluoxetine
• Insomnia
• Watch for Serotonin Syndrome (Agitation, Hallucinations, Fever, Diaphoresis,
Tremors)
• Do Not Take With St. John’s Wort
• Full Effects take months
Atypical Antidepressants
• Bupropion
• Trazodone (Major Side Effect - Sedation)
• Depression & Smoke Cessation
• Insomnia, headache, GI Distress, Weight Loss, Agitation, Seizures
TCAs
• Amitriptyline
• Imipramine
• Sedation, orthostatic hypotension Anticholinergic Effects (Urinary Retention,
Constipation, Dry Mouth, Blurry Vision, Photophobia)
, lOMoAR cPSD| 47061011
MAOIs
• Phenelzine
• Tranylcypromine
• HTN Crisis
• Do not eat foods with tyramine
Mood Stabilizers
• Lithium
• Side Effects: GI Upset, Fine Hand Tremors (Coarse in Tox), Polyuria, Weight
gain, Kidney Tox, Electrolyte imbalances
• Monitor Plasma Levels: Tox over 1.5 mEq/L
• Toxicity (Coarse hand tremors, confusion, hypotension, seizures, tinnitus
• No diuretics, Anticholinergics or NSAIDs Contraindicated in Renal
Disease
• Closely monitor NA, Drink 2-3 L of water
Antiepileptics (Bipolar Disorder)
• Carbamazepine (Blood Issues (Anemia, Thrombocytopenia & Leukopenia),
Vision Issues & Rash)
• Valproic Acid (GI Upset, Hepatotoxicity, Pancreatitis, Thrombocytopenia)
Antipsychotics
• Chlorpromazine
• Haloperidol
• EPS, NMS, Agranulocytosis, Anticholinergic Effects, Sedation
• Monitor Vitals 1-2 hours
• Benztropine can control EPS
• Dantrolene can control NMS
Atypical Antipsychotics
• Risperidone (IM q 2 weeks for non-compliance)
• Clozapine (Agranulocytosis)
• Olanzapine
• Diabetes, Weight Gain, Increased Cholesterol, Sedation, Anticholinergic
Effects
• Avoid Alcohol
ADHD Meds
• Methylphenidate
• Amphetamine
• Insomnia, Dysrhythmias, Decreased Appetite, Weight Loss
• Do not give at night
.
, lOMoAR cPSD| 47061011
• Give Immediately Before/After Meals
• Monitor Child’s Weight
Alcohol Abuse (Withdrawal)
*Withdrawal Starts Within 4-12 Hours of Last Drink
*Peaks at 24-48 Hours
• Benzodiazepines - Stabilizes vitals, Decrease Seizures
• Carbamazepine - Decreases Seizures
• Clonidine - Decreases BP & HR
Beta Blockers - Decreases BP, HR, & Cravings
Alcohol Abuse (Abstinence)
• Disulfiram - Vomit
• Naltrexone - Decreases Cravings
• Acamprosate - Decreases Abstinence Symptoms
Opioid & Nicotine Withdrawal
Opioid
• Methadone - Used for Withdrawal & Long-Term Nicotine
• Bupropion
• Nicotine Replacements - Gum, Patch, Nasal Spray
• Varenicline - Reduces Cravings/Withdrawal; monitor for depression
Cholinergics
• Neostigmine
• Pyridostigmine
• Edrophonium (Used to Diagnose MG vs. Cholinergic Crisis)
• Myasthenia Gravis, Reverses Nerve Blocks
• Increased Salivation, Diarrhea, Nausea/Vomiting, Sweating, Bradycardia
Antidote is Atropine
Anti Parkinson’s (Dopamine Agonist)
• Levodopa/Carbidopa
• N/V, Drowsiness, Tics, Orthostatic Hypotension, Darkening of urine/sweat
• Do not take with High Protein Meals, can take with other meals
Anti Parkinson’s (Anticholinergic)
• Benztropine
• Anticholinergic Effects (Dry mouth, Dry Eyes, Blurry Vision, Urinary Retention)
Antiepileptics
• Phenytoin
• Lamotrigine
, lOMoAR cPSD| 47061011
• Carbamazepine
• Valproic Acid
• Gingival Hyperplasia, double vision, rash, ataxia
• Narrow Therapeutic Range - Monitor Levels
• Decreases Oral Contraceptives
Anti Glaucoma (Beta Blockers)
• Timolol
• Glaucoma
• Hold Gentle Pressure on Nasolacrimal Duct for 30-60 Seconds
Anti Glaucoma (Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitor)
• Acetazolamide
• Causes Diuresis
• Flu Like Symptoms, GI Upset, Electrolyte Imbalance
• Give with Food
Ear Drops to Treat Otitis Externa (Swimmer’s Ear)
• Cipro W/ Hydrocortisone
• Roll Container, Don’t Shake Position on Unaffected Side
• Keep pt on Side for 5 mins
• Lightly Pack w/ cotton
• Dry Ear Canal after Swimming/Bathing
Neuromuscular Blocking Agent
• Succinylcholine
• Pancuronium
• Respiratory Arrest, Apnea, Malignant Hyperthermia, Muscle Pain
• Treatment of Malignant Hyperthermia (100% O2, Cooling, Dantrolene (Muscle
Relaxant))
Muscle Relaxant (Direct on Skeletal Muscle)
• Dantrolene
• Used for MS, Muscle Spasm, Cerebral Palsy, Malignant Hyperthermia
• Drowsiness, Muscle Weakness, GI Upset, Hepatotoxicity
• Monitor for Liver Damage
Muscle Relaxant (Centrally Acting)
• Baclofen
• Muscle Spasm, Cerebral Palsy, MS, can also treat Malignant Hyperthermia
• Drowsiness, GI Upset, Constipation (Increase Fiber)
.
