What nerve(s) need to be blocked in order to dehorn cattle? Ans
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj f j - Cornual
fj
What nerve(s) need to be blocked in order to dehorn goats? Ans
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj f j -
cornual nerve and infratrochlear nerve
fj fj fj fj fj
Several rabbits in a commercial meat operation have developed genital scabs, perineal ulcerations a crus
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj
ty exudate around the nose and eyes. Microhemaglutination tests are positive for treponematosis.
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj
Which one of the following steps is most effective to treat this problem?
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj
A - Amprolium-medicated feed for whole herd, 2 weeks; Increase ventilation
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj
B - Clindamycin PO for exposed rabbits, 8 days; Cull affected animals
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj
C - Amipcillin PO for affected rabbits, 10-14 days
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj
D - Isolate affected animals, Lincomycin in water 2-3 weeks
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj
E - Penicillin IM for all rabbits, 5-7 days Ans
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj f j - Penicillin IM for all rabbits, 5-7 days
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj
Two bucket- fj
fed veal calves are depressed and stunted and have sticky feces coating their hindquarters. Fluid-
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj
splashing sounds are audible during auscultation over the left flank when a calf is drinking.
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj
Passage of a stomach tube obtains a rancid-smelling liquid with a pH of 5.2 [N=5.9-6.2]
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj
Which one of the following choices is the most appropriate treatment?
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj
,A - Cull affected calves
fj fj fj fj
B - Remove fermented rumen contents, flush with saline
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj
C - Wean affected calves; Shift to bottle-feeding for well calves
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj
D - Vitamin E/Selenium injections, plus dietary supplements
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj
E - Inoculate rumen fluid from a healthy cow into calf by stomach tube Ans
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj f j -B-
fj fj
Remove fermented rumen contents, flush with saline
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj
This is the clinical picture of a ruminal drinker calf with chronic indigestion from milk deposited directly i
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj
nto the rumen. fj fj
Treat by removing the fermented material and flushing the rumen with saline. Attempt to induce g
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj
astric/reticular groove closure during feeding by inducing vigorous sucking activity with a finger be
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj
fore feeding milk. If calves relapse, consider weaning.
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj
The problem occurs due to failure of the gastric groove reflex, which normally shunts milk directly into t
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj
he abomasum, (bypassing the rumen). Most often seen in bucket fed calves who gulp their milk.
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj
Abortions due to brucellosis tend to occur at what stage of pregnancy? Ans
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj f j -D- fj fj
Last half of pregnancy
fj fj fj fj
Typically, Brucellosis causes abortion in the LAST HALF of pregnancy, for the 5th month onwards. Last tri
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj
mester is also a good answer, though not entirely correct. You might remember "Bruce is always late".
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj
Expect STILLBORN calves. Cows only abort ONCE.
fj fj fj fj fj fj
Brucellosis is REPORTABLE. fj fj
The vaccines used are the Brucella abortus strain 19 vaccine or the RB51 vaccine, given to heifer calves 4
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj
-12 months old, along with a USDA tattoo in the right ear. Remember: "The right ear is the RIGHT EAR".
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj
,BVD and Trichomoniasis (occasionally) can cause early abortion in cows, but MOST things cause abortio
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj
n late, like 3rd trimester.
fj fj fj fj
Listeriosis and Arcanobacterium pyogenes can cause abortion at any time during pregnancy.
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj
A cow is presented on emergency with urea/non-protein nitrogen toxicity.
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj
What is the treatment of choice?
fj fj fj fj fj
A - Atropine, Protopam chloride IV q 4-6 hours
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj
B - Rumenal infusion 2-8 liters vinegar,3-10 gallons cold water
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj
C - Rumenotomy
fj fj
D - IV Fluids with MgSO4, Na thiosulfate PO
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj
E - Relieve bloat, drench with 2-8 liters sodium bicarbonate Ans
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj f j - B - Rumenal infusion 2-
fj fj fj fj fj
8 liters vinegar,3-10 gallons cold water
fj fj fj fj fj
A 3- fj
month old calf is presented for necropsy. The calf collapsed and suddenly died this morning after she es
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj
caped and was chased around the back pasture for 45 minutes by her owner.
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj
Among other things, endocardial plaques in the left ventricle of this calf's heart are discovered.
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj
What advice should be given the farmer?
fj fj fj fj fj fj
A - Treat the other calves with vitamin E/Selenium
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj
B - Check the mother for bovine leukosis by AGID
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj
C - Take all the calves off ionophore-containing feed
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj
D - Start the other calves on Ceftiofur (Naxcel ®)
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj
E - Search the calf barn for sources of lead Ans
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj f j -A-
fj fj
Treat the other calves with vitamin E/Selenium
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj
, Treat the other calves with vitamin E/Selenium. Think White Muscle Disease when you see SUDDEN DEA
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj
TH and endocardial PLAQUES in a young calf, lamb or kid with a history of recent VIGOROUS EXERCISE. F
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj
ollow this link to a Merck image of pale ventricular myocardium.
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj
Typically seen in young, fast-growing animals (ie: calves 2 weeks-
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj
6 mos) Clinical signs may include dyspnea (due to myocardial disease), stiff gait, arched back, weakness,
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj
recumbent but BAR (bright, alert, responsive). fj fj fj fj fj
Sudden death may resemble enterotoxemia, should see acute bloody diarrhea, convulsions, opisthotono
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj
s in first days of life with enterotoxemia.
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj
Which pair of neonatal calf diarrheas both have public health/zoonotic significance?
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj
A - Colibacillosis, Ostertagiasis
fj fj fj
B - Colibacillosis, Rotavirus
fj fj fj
C - Cryptosporidiosis, Salmonella
fj fj fj
D - Salmonella, Coccidiosis
fj fj fj
E - Clostridium perfringens, Coronavirus Ans
fj fj fj fj f j - C - Cryptosporidiosis, Salmonella
fj fj fj fj
Cryptosporidiosis is caused by a protozoa implicated in drinking water- fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj
associated outbreaks of diarrhea in humans; Salmonellae can infect humans from a number of different
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj
sources (turtles, chickens, eggs) fj fj fj
E. Coli can cause human disease, but Ostertagia and bovine rotavirus do not. (There IS a human version
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj
of rotavirus, however)
fj fj
C. perfringens can be found in soil and in the normal gut flora and is not contagious.
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj
Swainsonine is a toxic compound present in which one of the following plants?
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj
A - Persea americana (Avocado)
fj fj fj fj
B - Pteridium aquilinum (Bracken fern)
fj fj fj fj fj
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj f j - Cornual
fj
What nerve(s) need to be blocked in order to dehorn goats? Ans
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj f j -
cornual nerve and infratrochlear nerve
fj fj fj fj fj
Several rabbits in a commercial meat operation have developed genital scabs, perineal ulcerations a crus
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj
ty exudate around the nose and eyes. Microhemaglutination tests are positive for treponematosis.
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj
Which one of the following steps is most effective to treat this problem?
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj
A - Amprolium-medicated feed for whole herd, 2 weeks; Increase ventilation
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj
B - Clindamycin PO for exposed rabbits, 8 days; Cull affected animals
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj
C - Amipcillin PO for affected rabbits, 10-14 days
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj
D - Isolate affected animals, Lincomycin in water 2-3 weeks
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj
E - Penicillin IM for all rabbits, 5-7 days Ans
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj f j - Penicillin IM for all rabbits, 5-7 days
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj
Two bucket- fj
fed veal calves are depressed and stunted and have sticky feces coating their hindquarters. Fluid-
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj
splashing sounds are audible during auscultation over the left flank when a calf is drinking.
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj
Passage of a stomach tube obtains a rancid-smelling liquid with a pH of 5.2 [N=5.9-6.2]
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj
Which one of the following choices is the most appropriate treatment?
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj
,A - Cull affected calves
fj fj fj fj
B - Remove fermented rumen contents, flush with saline
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj
C - Wean affected calves; Shift to bottle-feeding for well calves
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj
D - Vitamin E/Selenium injections, plus dietary supplements
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj
E - Inoculate rumen fluid from a healthy cow into calf by stomach tube Ans
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj f j -B-
fj fj
Remove fermented rumen contents, flush with saline
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj
This is the clinical picture of a ruminal drinker calf with chronic indigestion from milk deposited directly i
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj
nto the rumen. fj fj
Treat by removing the fermented material and flushing the rumen with saline. Attempt to induce g
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj
astric/reticular groove closure during feeding by inducing vigorous sucking activity with a finger be
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj
fore feeding milk. If calves relapse, consider weaning.
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj
The problem occurs due to failure of the gastric groove reflex, which normally shunts milk directly into t
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj
he abomasum, (bypassing the rumen). Most often seen in bucket fed calves who gulp their milk.
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj
Abortions due to brucellosis tend to occur at what stage of pregnancy? Ans
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj f j -D- fj fj
Last half of pregnancy
fj fj fj fj
Typically, Brucellosis causes abortion in the LAST HALF of pregnancy, for the 5th month onwards. Last tri
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj
mester is also a good answer, though not entirely correct. You might remember "Bruce is always late".
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj
Expect STILLBORN calves. Cows only abort ONCE.
fj fj fj fj fj fj
Brucellosis is REPORTABLE. fj fj
The vaccines used are the Brucella abortus strain 19 vaccine or the RB51 vaccine, given to heifer calves 4
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj
-12 months old, along with a USDA tattoo in the right ear. Remember: "The right ear is the RIGHT EAR".
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj
,BVD and Trichomoniasis (occasionally) can cause early abortion in cows, but MOST things cause abortio
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj
n late, like 3rd trimester.
fj fj fj fj
Listeriosis and Arcanobacterium pyogenes can cause abortion at any time during pregnancy.
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj
A cow is presented on emergency with urea/non-protein nitrogen toxicity.
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj
What is the treatment of choice?
fj fj fj fj fj
A - Atropine, Protopam chloride IV q 4-6 hours
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj
B - Rumenal infusion 2-8 liters vinegar,3-10 gallons cold water
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj
C - Rumenotomy
fj fj
D - IV Fluids with MgSO4, Na thiosulfate PO
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj
E - Relieve bloat, drench with 2-8 liters sodium bicarbonate Ans
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj f j - B - Rumenal infusion 2-
fj fj fj fj fj
8 liters vinegar,3-10 gallons cold water
fj fj fj fj fj
A 3- fj
month old calf is presented for necropsy. The calf collapsed and suddenly died this morning after she es
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj
caped and was chased around the back pasture for 45 minutes by her owner.
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj
Among other things, endocardial plaques in the left ventricle of this calf's heart are discovered.
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj
What advice should be given the farmer?
fj fj fj fj fj fj
A - Treat the other calves with vitamin E/Selenium
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj
B - Check the mother for bovine leukosis by AGID
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj
C - Take all the calves off ionophore-containing feed
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj
D - Start the other calves on Ceftiofur (Naxcel ®)
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj
E - Search the calf barn for sources of lead Ans
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj f j -A-
fj fj
Treat the other calves with vitamin E/Selenium
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj
, Treat the other calves with vitamin E/Selenium. Think White Muscle Disease when you see SUDDEN DEA
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj
TH and endocardial PLAQUES in a young calf, lamb or kid with a history of recent VIGOROUS EXERCISE. F
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj
ollow this link to a Merck image of pale ventricular myocardium.
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj
Typically seen in young, fast-growing animals (ie: calves 2 weeks-
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj
6 mos) Clinical signs may include dyspnea (due to myocardial disease), stiff gait, arched back, weakness,
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj
recumbent but BAR (bright, alert, responsive). fj fj fj fj fj
Sudden death may resemble enterotoxemia, should see acute bloody diarrhea, convulsions, opisthotono
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj
s in first days of life with enterotoxemia.
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj
Which pair of neonatal calf diarrheas both have public health/zoonotic significance?
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj
A - Colibacillosis, Ostertagiasis
fj fj fj
B - Colibacillosis, Rotavirus
fj fj fj
C - Cryptosporidiosis, Salmonella
fj fj fj
D - Salmonella, Coccidiosis
fj fj fj
E - Clostridium perfringens, Coronavirus Ans
fj fj fj fj f j - C - Cryptosporidiosis, Salmonella
fj fj fj fj
Cryptosporidiosis is caused by a protozoa implicated in drinking water- fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj
associated outbreaks of diarrhea in humans; Salmonellae can infect humans from a number of different
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj
sources (turtles, chickens, eggs) fj fj fj
E. Coli can cause human disease, but Ostertagia and bovine rotavirus do not. (There IS a human version
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj
of rotavirus, however)
fj fj
C. perfringens can be found in soil and in the normal gut flora and is not contagious.
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj
Swainsonine is a toxic compound present in which one of the following plants?
fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj fj
A - Persea americana (Avocado)
fj fj fj fj
B - Pteridium aquilinum (Bracken fern)
fj fj fj fj fj
