x
Chapter 01: History of Massage: Prehistoric Times to the Modern Era, and
x x x x x x x x x x x
Professional Societies, Organizations, and Associations
x x x x
Salvo: Massage Therapy, 6th Edition
x x x x
x
, x
MULTIPLE CHOICE x
1. Which method is defined as manual manipulation of soft tissue using pressure and traction
xxx x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
for therapeutic, palliative, and recreational purposes?
x x x x x
a. x x x
Acupuncture
b. x x x
Ayurveda
c. x x x Polarity x
therapy
d. x x x Massage x
therapy
ANS: D xx
Massage therapy is as a method of manipulating soft tissue using pressure and traction for
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
therapeutic, palliative, and recreational purposes. x x x x
2. Which origin for the word massage is Greek?
xxx x x x x x x x
a. x x x
Mashesh
b. Masso
x x x x
c. Masser
xxx x
d. Makeh
xxx
ANS: B xx
The origin of the word massage is unclear, but can be traced to numerous sources: the Hebrew
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
mashesh, the Greek masso and massin, the Latin massa, the Arabic mass’h, the Sanskrit
makeh, and the French masTsE
erS. TBANKSELLER.COM
x x x x x x x x x x x x x
x x x x x
3. When is the earliest the term massage was used by most European-based cultures?
xxx x x x x x x x x x x x x
a. 1600s xxx x
b. 1700s xxx x
c. 1800s xxx x
d. x x x
1900s
ANS: C xx
By the early 1800s, the term massage was used by most European-based cultures.
x x x x x x x x x x x x x
Historically, massage was referred to by its techniques such as friction or simply rubbing.
x x x x x x x x x x x x x
4. The first written records of massage date back to 3000 BC in which country?
xxx x x x x x x x x x x x x x
a. x x x
India
b. China
x x x x
c. Egypt
x x x x
d. x x x
Greece
ANS: B xx
Early records have revealed that the practice of massage goes back to China, as early as 3000
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
BC. Acupuncture was not mentioned in Chinese writings until 90 BC.
x x x x x x x x x x
5. Which work is commonly referred to as the classic scripture of traditional Chinese medicine?
xxx x x x x x x x x x x x x x
a. Tao Te
x x x x x
Ching
x
, x
b.xxx Nei Ching x
c.
xxx Ayur-Veda
d.xxx Corpus Hippocraticum x
ANS: B xx
At the time of Hwang Ti, various ideas and beliefs were compiled under the name of the
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
Yellow Emperor (died in 2599 BC) which became the classic scripture of traditional Chinese
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
medicine known as the Nei Chang. The Nei Chang was written about 2760 BC, and this work
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
contains detailed descriptions of massage procedures as well as herbal medicines.
x x x x x x x x x x
6. What is the original massage technique in China and the precursor to manual and
xxx x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
energetic therapies? x
a. Polarity
xxx
b. Shiatsu
xxx
c. Acupuncture
xxx
d. Amma
xxx
ANS: D xx
Amma is regarded as the original massage technique and precursor to all other
x x x x x x x x x x x x x
Chinese therapies, manual and energetic.
x x x x
7. Which healing method is based on Hindu tradition?
xxx x x x x x x x
a. Ayurveda
xxx
b. Shiatsu
x x x x
c. Amma
x x x x
d. x x x
Polarity
ANS: A xx
x
Knowledge of amma massage traveled to the subcontinent of India from China and massage
x x x x x x x x x x x x x
became part of Hindu tradition. Massage is described in India’s first great medical works, the
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
Ayur-Veda books of wisdom (about 1800 BC) and recommend it as an almost indispensable
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
healing procedure. x
8. Which method is Japanese but based on Chinese medicine concepts, and uses applied
xxx x x x x x x x x x x x x x
pressure of the thumbs, elbows, and other parts of the body?
x x x x x x x x x x
a. Ayurveda
xxx
b. Shiatsu
xxx
c. Massage
xxx
d. Amma
xxx
ANS: B xx
Shiatsu is a Japanese method based on the same traditional Chinese medicine concepts as
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
acupuncture. Acupuncturists use needles at specific points to balance the flow of energy;
x x x x x x x x x x x x x
shiatsu therapists use their fingers, thumbs, forearms, and elbows, and even their knees and
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
feet.
9. Who is generally recognized as the father of modern Western medicine?
xxx x x x x x x x x x x
a. Galen
x x x x
b. Celsus
x x x x
c. x x x
Rhazes
d. Hippocrates
xxx
x
, x
ANS: D xx
Hippocrates was known to be a fine clinician, founder of a medical school, author of
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
numerous books, and advocated the use of massage or ―rubbing.‖ His works are collectively
x x x x x x x x x x x x x
known as the Corpus Hippocraticum, and summarized much of what was known about
x x x x x x x x x x x x
disease and medicine in the ancient world. Hippocrates is generally recognized as the father of
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
modern Western medicine, and he believed that physicians should avoid causing harm to
x x x x x x x x x x x x x
patients.
10. Who wrote the Canon of Medicine, the most famous book in the history of medicine in
xxx x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
both the East and the West?
x x x x x
a. Rhazes
xxx
b. Celsus
xxx
c. Avicenna
xxx
d. Hippocrates
xxx
ANS: C xx
A text entitled
x x or Canon of Medicine was written by one of the greatest
xx x x x x x x x x x x x x
Persian physicians of his era, Avicenna (980-1037). He was also known as Ibn Sina. The
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
Canon of Medicine is the most famous book in the history of medicine in both the East and
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
the West.
x
11. Which individual discussed the effects of massage and used friction on joints in the 1500s?
xxx x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
a. Paré
xxx
b. Harvey
xxx
c. Galen
xxx
d. Mezger
xxx
x
ANS: A xx
Ambroise Paré (1515-1590) was a famous French surgeon who was among the
x x x x x x x x x x x x
earliest individuals in this era to discuss the effects of massage. He also used friction
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
to treat dislocated joints and other orthopedic conditions.
x x x x x x x
12. Who was the first known scientist to demonstrate that blood circulation due to
xxx x x x x x x x x x x x x x
muscular contraction of the heart? x x x x
a. Paré
xxx
b. Galen
xxx
c. Harvey
xxx
d. Mezger
xxx
ANS: C xx
English scientist William Harvey (1578–1657) discovered the circulation of blood in 1628.
x x x x x x x x x x x x
Harvey observed the hearts of living animals and determined that muscular contraction
x x x x x x x x x x x
(systole) pumped blood through arteries and veins. This discovery enhanced the acceptance of
x x x x x x x x x x x x x
massage as a therapeutic measure.
x x x x
13. Who developed the Swedish Movement Cure, which included the use of massage?
xxx x x x x x x x x x x x
a. Johann Mezger
xxx x
b. Pehr H. Ling
xxx x x
c. George Henry Taylor
xxx x x
d. John Harvey Kellogg
xxx x x
x
Chapter 01: History of Massage: Prehistoric Times to the Modern Era, and
x x x x x x x x x x x
Professional Societies, Organizations, and Associations
x x x x
Salvo: Massage Therapy, 6th Edition
x x x x
x
, x
MULTIPLE CHOICE x
1. Which method is defined as manual manipulation of soft tissue using pressure and traction
xxx x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
for therapeutic, palliative, and recreational purposes?
x x x x x
a. x x x
Acupuncture
b. x x x
Ayurveda
c. x x x Polarity x
therapy
d. x x x Massage x
therapy
ANS: D xx
Massage therapy is as a method of manipulating soft tissue using pressure and traction for
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
therapeutic, palliative, and recreational purposes. x x x x
2. Which origin for the word massage is Greek?
xxx x x x x x x x
a. x x x
Mashesh
b. Masso
x x x x
c. Masser
xxx x
d. Makeh
xxx
ANS: B xx
The origin of the word massage is unclear, but can be traced to numerous sources: the Hebrew
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
mashesh, the Greek masso and massin, the Latin massa, the Arabic mass’h, the Sanskrit
makeh, and the French masTsE
erS. TBANKSELLER.COM
x x x x x x x x x x x x x
x x x x x
3. When is the earliest the term massage was used by most European-based cultures?
xxx x x x x x x x x x x x x
a. 1600s xxx x
b. 1700s xxx x
c. 1800s xxx x
d. x x x
1900s
ANS: C xx
By the early 1800s, the term massage was used by most European-based cultures.
x x x x x x x x x x x x x
Historically, massage was referred to by its techniques such as friction or simply rubbing.
x x x x x x x x x x x x x
4. The first written records of massage date back to 3000 BC in which country?
xxx x x x x x x x x x x x x x
a. x x x
India
b. China
x x x x
c. Egypt
x x x x
d. x x x
Greece
ANS: B xx
Early records have revealed that the practice of massage goes back to China, as early as 3000
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
BC. Acupuncture was not mentioned in Chinese writings until 90 BC.
x x x x x x x x x x
5. Which work is commonly referred to as the classic scripture of traditional Chinese medicine?
xxx x x x x x x x x x x x x x
a. Tao Te
x x x x x
Ching
x
, x
b.xxx Nei Ching x
c.
xxx Ayur-Veda
d.xxx Corpus Hippocraticum x
ANS: B xx
At the time of Hwang Ti, various ideas and beliefs were compiled under the name of the
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
Yellow Emperor (died in 2599 BC) which became the classic scripture of traditional Chinese
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
medicine known as the Nei Chang. The Nei Chang was written about 2760 BC, and this work
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
contains detailed descriptions of massage procedures as well as herbal medicines.
x x x x x x x x x x
6. What is the original massage technique in China and the precursor to manual and
xxx x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
energetic therapies? x
a. Polarity
xxx
b. Shiatsu
xxx
c. Acupuncture
xxx
d. Amma
xxx
ANS: D xx
Amma is regarded as the original massage technique and precursor to all other
x x x x x x x x x x x x x
Chinese therapies, manual and energetic.
x x x x
7. Which healing method is based on Hindu tradition?
xxx x x x x x x x
a. Ayurveda
xxx
b. Shiatsu
x x x x
c. Amma
x x x x
d. x x x
Polarity
ANS: A xx
x
Knowledge of amma massage traveled to the subcontinent of India from China and massage
x x x x x x x x x x x x x
became part of Hindu tradition. Massage is described in India’s first great medical works, the
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
Ayur-Veda books of wisdom (about 1800 BC) and recommend it as an almost indispensable
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
healing procedure. x
8. Which method is Japanese but based on Chinese medicine concepts, and uses applied
xxx x x x x x x x x x x x x x
pressure of the thumbs, elbows, and other parts of the body?
x x x x x x x x x x
a. Ayurveda
xxx
b. Shiatsu
xxx
c. Massage
xxx
d. Amma
xxx
ANS: B xx
Shiatsu is a Japanese method based on the same traditional Chinese medicine concepts as
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
acupuncture. Acupuncturists use needles at specific points to balance the flow of energy;
x x x x x x x x x x x x x
shiatsu therapists use their fingers, thumbs, forearms, and elbows, and even their knees and
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
feet.
9. Who is generally recognized as the father of modern Western medicine?
xxx x x x x x x x x x x
a. Galen
x x x x
b. Celsus
x x x x
c. x x x
Rhazes
d. Hippocrates
xxx
x
, x
ANS: D xx
Hippocrates was known to be a fine clinician, founder of a medical school, author of
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
numerous books, and advocated the use of massage or ―rubbing.‖ His works are collectively
x x x x x x x x x x x x x
known as the Corpus Hippocraticum, and summarized much of what was known about
x x x x x x x x x x x x
disease and medicine in the ancient world. Hippocrates is generally recognized as the father of
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
modern Western medicine, and he believed that physicians should avoid causing harm to
x x x x x x x x x x x x x
patients.
10. Who wrote the Canon of Medicine, the most famous book in the history of medicine in
xxx x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
both the East and the West?
x x x x x
a. Rhazes
xxx
b. Celsus
xxx
c. Avicenna
xxx
d. Hippocrates
xxx
ANS: C xx
A text entitled
x x or Canon of Medicine was written by one of the greatest
xx x x x x x x x x x x x x
Persian physicians of his era, Avicenna (980-1037). He was also known as Ibn Sina. The
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
Canon of Medicine is the most famous book in the history of medicine in both the East and
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
the West.
x
11. Which individual discussed the effects of massage and used friction on joints in the 1500s?
xxx x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
a. Paré
xxx
b. Harvey
xxx
c. Galen
xxx
d. Mezger
xxx
x
ANS: A xx
Ambroise Paré (1515-1590) was a famous French surgeon who was among the
x x x x x x x x x x x x
earliest individuals in this era to discuss the effects of massage. He also used friction
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
to treat dislocated joints and other orthopedic conditions.
x x x x x x x
12. Who was the first known scientist to demonstrate that blood circulation due to
xxx x x x x x x x x x x x x x
muscular contraction of the heart? x x x x
a. Paré
xxx
b. Galen
xxx
c. Harvey
xxx
d. Mezger
xxx
ANS: C xx
English scientist William Harvey (1578–1657) discovered the circulation of blood in 1628.
x x x x x x x x x x x x
Harvey observed the hearts of living animals and determined that muscular contraction
x x x x x x x x x x x
(systole) pumped blood through arteries and veins. This discovery enhanced the acceptance of
x x x x x x x x x x x x x
massage as a therapeutic measure.
x x x x
13. Who developed the Swedish Movement Cure, which included the use of massage?
xxx x x x x x x x x x x x
a. Johann Mezger
xxx x
b. Pehr H. Ling
xxx x x
c. George Henry Taylor
xxx x x
d. John Harvey Kellogg
xxx x x
x
