U.S. History – Grade 9
Unit 2: The American Revolution (1763–1783)
Index
1. Introduction
2. Causes of the Revolution
○ Economic Causes
○ Political Causes
○ Social Causes
3. Escalation of Tensions
4. First Steps Toward Independence
5. The Declaration of Independence (1776)
6. The Revolutionary War
○ Early Battles
○ Turning Points
○ International Support
○ The End of the War
7. Key Leaders of the Revolution
8. Life During the Revolution
9. Results and Impact of the Revolution
10.Timeline (1763–1783)
11.Glossary of Key Terms
12.Review Questions and Essay Prompts
, 1. Introduction
The American Revolution was one of the most important moments in world history. It was the
first time that colonies successfully fought for independence from their mother country, creating
a nation based on liberty and representative government.
From 1763 to 1783, conflicts between Great Britain and the American colonies escalated.
Disputes over taxation, political rights, and identity transformed loyal subjects into
revolutionaries. This unit explores the causes, events, and results of the Revolution.
2. Causes of the Revolution
Economic Causes
● Sugar Act (1764): Tax on sugar and molasses.
● Stamp Act (1765): Tax on newspapers, contracts, and printed materials.
● Townshend Acts (1767): Duties on glass, paper, paint, and tea.
● Colonists opposed “taxation without representation.”
Political Causes
● Colonists believed their rights as Englishmen were violated.
● Parliament claimed “virtual representation,” but colonists wanted direct representation.
● Enlightenment ideas of natural rights challenged absolute monarchy.
Social Causes
● A growing sense of American identity.
● Pamphlets and newspapers spread revolutionary ideas.
● Influence of thinkers like John Locke and Montesquieu.
3. Escalation of Tensions
● Boston Massacre (1770): British soldiers killed five colonists.
● Boston Tea Party (1773): Protest against the Tea Act; colonists dumped tea into the
harbor.
● Intolerable Acts (1774): Punishment for the Tea Party; closed Boston Harbor, reduced
self-government.
Unit 2: The American Revolution (1763–1783)
Index
1. Introduction
2. Causes of the Revolution
○ Economic Causes
○ Political Causes
○ Social Causes
3. Escalation of Tensions
4. First Steps Toward Independence
5. The Declaration of Independence (1776)
6. The Revolutionary War
○ Early Battles
○ Turning Points
○ International Support
○ The End of the War
7. Key Leaders of the Revolution
8. Life During the Revolution
9. Results and Impact of the Revolution
10.Timeline (1763–1783)
11.Glossary of Key Terms
12.Review Questions and Essay Prompts
, 1. Introduction
The American Revolution was one of the most important moments in world history. It was the
first time that colonies successfully fought for independence from their mother country, creating
a nation based on liberty and representative government.
From 1763 to 1783, conflicts between Great Britain and the American colonies escalated.
Disputes over taxation, political rights, and identity transformed loyal subjects into
revolutionaries. This unit explores the causes, events, and results of the Revolution.
2. Causes of the Revolution
Economic Causes
● Sugar Act (1764): Tax on sugar and molasses.
● Stamp Act (1765): Tax on newspapers, contracts, and printed materials.
● Townshend Acts (1767): Duties on glass, paper, paint, and tea.
● Colonists opposed “taxation without representation.”
Political Causes
● Colonists believed their rights as Englishmen were violated.
● Parliament claimed “virtual representation,” but colonists wanted direct representation.
● Enlightenment ideas of natural rights challenged absolute monarchy.
Social Causes
● A growing sense of American identity.
● Pamphlets and newspapers spread revolutionary ideas.
● Influence of thinkers like John Locke and Montesquieu.
3. Escalation of Tensions
● Boston Massacre (1770): British soldiers killed five colonists.
● Boston Tea Party (1773): Protest against the Tea Act; colonists dumped tea into the
harbor.
● Intolerable Acts (1774): Punishment for the Tea Party; closed Boston Harbor, reduced
self-government.
