Life span development EXAM 2025
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Which of the following statements regarding an infant's vital signs is correct?
a. An infant's heart rate generally ranges between 70 and 110 beats/min.
b. An infant's normal body temperature is typically higher than a preschooler's.
c. By 6 months of age, an infant's normal tidal volume is 2 to 4 mL/kg.
d. An infant's normal heart rate increases by 10 beats/min each month. - ANS Answer: B
An infant's blood pressure typically increases with age because:
a. the infant's total blood volume decreases with age.
b. his or her normal heart rate usually increases with age.
c. as the infant gets older, his or her blood vessels dilate.
d. blood pressure directly corresponds to body weight. - ANS Answer: D
You are dispatched to a call for a 4-month-old infant with respiratory distress. While you
prepare to take care of this child, you must remember that:
a. small infants are nose breathers and require clear nasal passages at all times.
b. assisted ventilations in infants often need to be forceful to inflate their lungs.
c. the infant's proportionately small tongue often causes an airway obstruction.
d. an infant's head should be placed in a flexed position to prevent obstruction. -
ANS Answer: A
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Infants are often referred to as "belly breathers" because:
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, a. their rib cage is less rigid and the ribs sit horizontally.
b. an infant's ribs are brittle and are less able to expand.
c. their intercostal muscles are not functional.
d. their diaphragm does not receive impulses from the brain. - ANS Answer: A
Which of the following is an anatomic difference between children and adults?
a. The ribcage of an infant is less flexible than an adult's.
b. An infant's tongue is proportionately larger than an adult's.
c. The trachea of an infant is proportionately longer than an adult's.
d. An infant's head accounts for less body weight than an adult's. - ANS Answer: B
An infant or small child's airway can be occluded if it is overextended or overflexed because:
a. the back of the head is flat, which prevents a neutral position.
b. he or she has a long neck, which makes the trachea prone to collapse.
c. the occiput is proportionately large and the trachea is flexible.
d. the tongue is proportionately small and can fall back into the throat. - ANS Answer: C
Which of the following describes the Moro reflex?
a. When something touches a neonate's cheek, he or she instinctively turns his or her head
toward the touch.
b. The neonate opens his or her arms wide, spreads his or her fingers, and seems to grasp at
something after being startled.
c. An infant's heart rate decreases secondary to hypoxia because he or she depends heavily on
the heart rate to perfuse the body.
d. When the sole of the foot is stroked with a blunt object, the big toe lifts upward and the
other toes fan outward. - ANS Answer: B
The anterior fontanelle fuses together between the ages of:
a. 3 and 4 months.
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b. 6 and 8 months.
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QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Which of the following statements regarding an infant's vital signs is correct?
a. An infant's heart rate generally ranges between 70 and 110 beats/min.
b. An infant's normal body temperature is typically higher than a preschooler's.
c. By 6 months of age, an infant's normal tidal volume is 2 to 4 mL/kg.
d. An infant's normal heart rate increases by 10 beats/min each month. - ANS Answer: B
An infant's blood pressure typically increases with age because:
a. the infant's total blood volume decreases with age.
b. his or her normal heart rate usually increases with age.
c. as the infant gets older, his or her blood vessels dilate.
d. blood pressure directly corresponds to body weight. - ANS Answer: D
You are dispatched to a call for a 4-month-old infant with respiratory distress. While you
prepare to take care of this child, you must remember that:
a. small infants are nose breathers and require clear nasal passages at all times.
b. assisted ventilations in infants often need to be forceful to inflate their lungs.
c. the infant's proportionately small tongue often causes an airway obstruction.
d. an infant's head should be placed in a flexed position to prevent obstruction. -
ANS Answer: A
1
Infants are often referred to as "belly breathers" because:
Page
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, a. their rib cage is less rigid and the ribs sit horizontally.
b. an infant's ribs are brittle and are less able to expand.
c. their intercostal muscles are not functional.
d. their diaphragm does not receive impulses from the brain. - ANS Answer: A
Which of the following is an anatomic difference between children and adults?
a. The ribcage of an infant is less flexible than an adult's.
b. An infant's tongue is proportionately larger than an adult's.
c. The trachea of an infant is proportionately longer than an adult's.
d. An infant's head accounts for less body weight than an adult's. - ANS Answer: B
An infant or small child's airway can be occluded if it is overextended or overflexed because:
a. the back of the head is flat, which prevents a neutral position.
b. he or she has a long neck, which makes the trachea prone to collapse.
c. the occiput is proportionately large and the trachea is flexible.
d. the tongue is proportionately small and can fall back into the throat. - ANS Answer: C
Which of the following describes the Moro reflex?
a. When something touches a neonate's cheek, he or she instinctively turns his or her head
toward the touch.
b. The neonate opens his or her arms wide, spreads his or her fingers, and seems to grasp at
something after being startled.
c. An infant's heart rate decreases secondary to hypoxia because he or she depends heavily on
the heart rate to perfuse the body.
d. When the sole of the foot is stroked with a blunt object, the big toe lifts upward and the
other toes fan outward. - ANS Answer: B
The anterior fontanelle fuses together between the ages of:
a. 3 and 4 months.
2
Page
b. 6 and 8 months.
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