PHP 0320 MIDTERM 1 STUDY GUIDE
health - Answer -a complete state of physical, mental, and social well being- not just
absence of disease
public health before 1850s - Answer -epidemics avoidance and acceptance; quarantine
and isolation
public health 1850-1949 - Answer -building state and local infrastructure such as health
departments, health care facilities, sanitation; USPHS, FDA created
public health 1950-1999 - Answer -filling gaps in medical care delivery by increasing
equity; medicare, medicaid; OSHA, EPA
public health 1999-now - Answer -preparing for and responding to community health
threats; prevention, community driven public health practice
population health - Answer -the complete social, physical, and mental well being o f a
group of people with a commonality
population health science - Answer -the study of conditions that shape distributions of
health across populations and how they manifest
public health - Answer -the science/art of preventing disease, prolonging life, and
promoting health through community health efforts
what is the public health approach - Answer -surveillance (what/is there a problem), risk
factor identification (what is the cause), intervention (what works and how do you do it),
evaluation (did it work)
example: cholera public health approach - Answer -surveillance: the man was a doctor
risk factor identification: went around asking who was sick and the commonalities
between them, where they got their water from
intervention: remove handle from pump
evaluation: not specific data
what factors impact the health of the population - Answer -physical factors, social and
cultural norms, community organizing, individual behaviors
examples of physical factors - Answer -geography, environment, community size,
industrial development
examples of social and cultural factors - Answer -social norms, economy,
socioeconomic position, politics, religion
, examples of community organizing - Answer -bringing people together to combat health
problem
examples of individual behaviors - Answer -smoking, using contraception, vaccines
top 10 public health achievements of the 20th century - Answer -1. vaccination
2. motor vehicle safety
3. safer workplaces
4. infectious disease control
5. less deaths from coronary heart disease and stroke
6. recognize tobacco is bad
7. healthier mothers and infants
8. safer, healthier foods
9. family planning
10. fluoridation of drinking water
top 10 public health achievements of 2000-2010 - Answer -1. vaccine preventable
diseases
2. motor vehicle safety
3. occupational safety
4. prevention and control of infectious disease
5. prevention of cardiovascular disease
6. tobacco control
7. healthier mothers and infants
8. prevention of cancer
9. prevention of childhood lead poisoning
10. public health preparedness and response
public health philosophy - Answer -balance between individual and population interests
to prevent disease and promote health and wellbeing; communal efforts to address
health individuals cannot fix on their own
public health values - Answer -health is well-being, health is a right, interdependence
on each other and natural environment, trust, collaboration, participation, power and
knowledge, use of scientific knowledge, responsibility to act on what we know, action
based on principle
challenges to public health - Answer -1. invisibility of benefits
2. vested interests (tobacco companies)
3. problems lose urgency with success
4. universality of benefits means that individuals don't see where their money goes
5. rule of rescue- reduction in prevention
social ecological approach - Answer -individuals, family/social network,
neighborhood/city, country/society
health - Answer -a complete state of physical, mental, and social well being- not just
absence of disease
public health before 1850s - Answer -epidemics avoidance and acceptance; quarantine
and isolation
public health 1850-1949 - Answer -building state and local infrastructure such as health
departments, health care facilities, sanitation; USPHS, FDA created
public health 1950-1999 - Answer -filling gaps in medical care delivery by increasing
equity; medicare, medicaid; OSHA, EPA
public health 1999-now - Answer -preparing for and responding to community health
threats; prevention, community driven public health practice
population health - Answer -the complete social, physical, and mental well being o f a
group of people with a commonality
population health science - Answer -the study of conditions that shape distributions of
health across populations and how they manifest
public health - Answer -the science/art of preventing disease, prolonging life, and
promoting health through community health efforts
what is the public health approach - Answer -surveillance (what/is there a problem), risk
factor identification (what is the cause), intervention (what works and how do you do it),
evaluation (did it work)
example: cholera public health approach - Answer -surveillance: the man was a doctor
risk factor identification: went around asking who was sick and the commonalities
between them, where they got their water from
intervention: remove handle from pump
evaluation: not specific data
what factors impact the health of the population - Answer -physical factors, social and
cultural norms, community organizing, individual behaviors
examples of physical factors - Answer -geography, environment, community size,
industrial development
examples of social and cultural factors - Answer -social norms, economy,
socioeconomic position, politics, religion
, examples of community organizing - Answer -bringing people together to combat health
problem
examples of individual behaviors - Answer -smoking, using contraception, vaccines
top 10 public health achievements of the 20th century - Answer -1. vaccination
2. motor vehicle safety
3. safer workplaces
4. infectious disease control
5. less deaths from coronary heart disease and stroke
6. recognize tobacco is bad
7. healthier mothers and infants
8. safer, healthier foods
9. family planning
10. fluoridation of drinking water
top 10 public health achievements of 2000-2010 - Answer -1. vaccine preventable
diseases
2. motor vehicle safety
3. occupational safety
4. prevention and control of infectious disease
5. prevention of cardiovascular disease
6. tobacco control
7. healthier mothers and infants
8. prevention of cancer
9. prevention of childhood lead poisoning
10. public health preparedness and response
public health philosophy - Answer -balance between individual and population interests
to prevent disease and promote health and wellbeing; communal efforts to address
health individuals cannot fix on their own
public health values - Answer -health is well-being, health is a right, interdependence
on each other and natural environment, trust, collaboration, participation, power and
knowledge, use of scientific knowledge, responsibility to act on what we know, action
based on principle
challenges to public health - Answer -1. invisibility of benefits
2. vested interests (tobacco companies)
3. problems lose urgency with success
4. universality of benefits means that individuals don't see where their money goes
5. rule of rescue- reduction in prevention
social ecological approach - Answer -individuals, family/social network,
neighborhood/city, country/society
