Med-Surg Exam: Gastrointestinal and Obesity Management
1. A patient with a BMI of 42 is considering comprehensive therapy for obesity. Which of the following should the
nurse include in patient education about lifestyle modifications?
a. A high-protein, low-fat diet is recommended.
b. Exercise should be at least 150 minutes per week.
c. Medications alone are effective in long-term weight loss.
d. Surgery is the first-line treatment for all patients with obesity.
(Exercise of at least 150 minutes per week is recommended.)
2. Which patient statement indicates the need for further teaching regarding bariatric surgical procedures?
a. "I should expect a gradual increase in the size of my meals postoperatively."
b. "I need to take vitamin and mineral supplements after surgery."
c. "I must avoid drinking fluids with meals to prevent dumping syndrome."
d. "I will need to adopt a lifelong commitment to healthy eating habits."
(Gradually increasing meal sizes post-op is incorrect; portion sizes remain small.)
3. A nurse is assessing a patient with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Which clinical manifestations are
most commonly associated with this condition?
a. Regurgitation and heartburn (Regurgitation and heartburn are classic GERD symptoms.)
b. Hematemesis (vomiting blood) and melena (blood in stool)
c. Dysphagia and weight loss
d. Diarrhea and bloating
4. Which statement made by a patient with a hiatal hernia indicates a need for additional teaching?
a. "I will eat small, frequent meals throughout the day."
b. "I should lie down immediately after eating to aid digestion."
c. "Avoiding caffeine and alcohol can help manage my symptoms."
d. "I should avoid wearing tight clothing around my abdomen."
(Lying down after eating worsens reflux symptoms.)
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, 5. A patient with esophageal cancer is undergoing radiation therapy. Which complication should the nurse monitor
for?
a. Esophageal stricture
b. Barrett’s esophagus
c. Perforation of the bowel
d. Achalasia (Difficulty swallowing)
(Radiation can cause esophageal strictures.)
6. A patient presents with diverticula in the esophagus. Which intervention is most appropriate?
a. Encourage large meals to facilitate digestion.
b. Advise the patient to drink fluids with meals.
c. Recommend avoiding carbonated beverages.
d. Position the patient flat after meals.
(Avoiding carbonated drinks prevents air trapping and discomfort.)
7. Which of the following findings is most concerning in a patient with achalasia?
a. Frequent episodes of heartburn
b. Difficulty swallowing liquids
c. Progressive weight loss
d. Mild regurgitation
(Progressive weight loss indicates worsening dysphagia.)
8. The nurse is caring for a patient with chronic gastritis. Which statement by the patient indicates a possible cause
of their condition?
a. "I take ibuprofen for my arthritis every day." (Chronic NSAID use can lead to gastritis.)
b. "I rarely drink alcohol."
c. "I have been following a high-fiber diet."
d. "I avoid caffeine and spicy foods."
This study source was downloaded by 100000897367967 from CourseHero.com on 09-03-2025 08:12:10 GMT -05:00
https://www.coursehero.com/file/249366337/Ch-Obesity-and-Upper-GIdocx/
1. A patient with a BMI of 42 is considering comprehensive therapy for obesity. Which of the following should the
nurse include in patient education about lifestyle modifications?
a. A high-protein, low-fat diet is recommended.
b. Exercise should be at least 150 minutes per week.
c. Medications alone are effective in long-term weight loss.
d. Surgery is the first-line treatment for all patients with obesity.
(Exercise of at least 150 minutes per week is recommended.)
2. Which patient statement indicates the need for further teaching regarding bariatric surgical procedures?
a. "I should expect a gradual increase in the size of my meals postoperatively."
b. "I need to take vitamin and mineral supplements after surgery."
c. "I must avoid drinking fluids with meals to prevent dumping syndrome."
d. "I will need to adopt a lifelong commitment to healthy eating habits."
(Gradually increasing meal sizes post-op is incorrect; portion sizes remain small.)
3. A nurse is assessing a patient with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Which clinical manifestations are
most commonly associated with this condition?
a. Regurgitation and heartburn (Regurgitation and heartburn are classic GERD symptoms.)
b. Hematemesis (vomiting blood) and melena (blood in stool)
c. Dysphagia and weight loss
d. Diarrhea and bloating
4. Which statement made by a patient with a hiatal hernia indicates a need for additional teaching?
a. "I will eat small, frequent meals throughout the day."
b. "I should lie down immediately after eating to aid digestion."
c. "Avoiding caffeine and alcohol can help manage my symptoms."
d. "I should avoid wearing tight clothing around my abdomen."
(Lying down after eating worsens reflux symptoms.)
This study source was downloaded by 100000897367967 from CourseHero.com on 09-03-2025 08:12:10 GMT -05:00
https://www.coursehero.com/file/249366337/Ch-Obesity-and-Upper-GIdocx/
, 5. A patient with esophageal cancer is undergoing radiation therapy. Which complication should the nurse monitor
for?
a. Esophageal stricture
b. Barrett’s esophagus
c. Perforation of the bowel
d. Achalasia (Difficulty swallowing)
(Radiation can cause esophageal strictures.)
6. A patient presents with diverticula in the esophagus. Which intervention is most appropriate?
a. Encourage large meals to facilitate digestion.
b. Advise the patient to drink fluids with meals.
c. Recommend avoiding carbonated beverages.
d. Position the patient flat after meals.
(Avoiding carbonated drinks prevents air trapping and discomfort.)
7. Which of the following findings is most concerning in a patient with achalasia?
a. Frequent episodes of heartburn
b. Difficulty swallowing liquids
c. Progressive weight loss
d. Mild regurgitation
(Progressive weight loss indicates worsening dysphagia.)
8. The nurse is caring for a patient with chronic gastritis. Which statement by the patient indicates a possible cause
of their condition?
a. "I take ibuprofen for my arthritis every day." (Chronic NSAID use can lead to gastritis.)
b. "I rarely drink alcohol."
c. "I have been following a high-fiber diet."
d. "I avoid caffeine and spicy foods."
This study source was downloaded by 100000897367967 from CourseHero.com on 09-03-2025 08:12:10 GMT -05:00
https://www.coursehero.com/file/249366337/Ch-Obesity-and-Upper-GIdocx/
