PHARMACOLOGY FINAL EXAM REVIEW!!!!
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS UPDATED
A patient about to receive his morning dose of digoxin has an
apical pulse of 70 beats per minute. What will the nurse do?
A. Administer the dose.
B. Administer the dose and notify the physician.
C. Check the radial pulse for 1 full minute.
D. Withhold the dose and notify the - ANSWER->A. Administer
the dose.
In assessing a patient before administration of a cardiac
glycoside, the nurse knows that what condition can predispose
a patient to digitalis toxicity?
A. Hypokalemia
B. Hyperkalemia
C. Hypocalcemia
D. Hypernatremia - ANSWER->A. Hypokalemia; control
ventricular response to atrial fibrillation and a derived from
foxglove. Digoxin is the only available cardiac glycoside---
positive inotropic---inhibits sodium potassium pump (adenosine
tripphophatase) Sodium and calcium rise. Cholinergic
stimulation via the vagus nerve of Parasympathetic nervous
system. ---Negative chronotropic---Negative Dromotropic effect
While assessing a patient who is receiving intravenous digitalis,
the nurse recognizes that the drug has a negative chronotropic
effect. How would this drug effect be evident in the patient?
,A. Increased heart rate
B. Decreased heart rate
C. Decreased conduction
D. Increased ectopic beats - ANSWER->B. Decreased heart rate
A patient has been taking digoxin at home but has taken an
accidental overdose and has developed toxicity. He has been
admitted to the telemetry unit where the physician has ordered
digoxin immune Fab (Digibind). The patient asks the nurse why
the medication is ordered. What is the nurse's best response?
A. "It works faster than digoxin."
B. "It is safer than digoxin and can be taken orally."
C. "It helps to convert the irregular heart rhythm to a more
normal rhythm."
D. "This drug is an antidote to digoxin and will help to lower the
blood levels." - ANSWER->D. "This drug is an antidote to digoxin
and will help to lower the blood levels." (severe bradycardia,
advanced heart block, ventricularr tachycardia, fibrillation, and
hyperkalemia); available in parental form. Clinical signs and
symptoms are monitored NOT serum levels----used for systolic
heart failure and atrial fibrillation.
5. A patient has been placed on a milrinone infusion as part of
the therapy for end-stage heart failure. What risks involved
with this drug will the nurse keep in mind while assessing this
patient during the infusion?
A. Hypertension
B. Hyperkalemia
C. Nausea and vomiting
,D. Cardiac dysrhythmias - ANSWER->D. Cardiac dysrhythmias
(contraindictated with ventricular tachycardia, and fibrillation)
used for treatment of atrial fibrillation. Available in Oral and
injection form.
6. A patient with atrial fibrillation was started on digoxin, and 1
week later a digoxin level was drawn. Which result is within
normal therapeutic levels for digoxin?
A. 0.4 ng/mL
B. 0.7 ng/mL
C. 2.1 ng/mL
D. 2.6 ng/mL or higher - ANSWER->B. 0.7 ng/mL (normal 0.5 to
2.0 ng/mL
7. When reviewing the list of medications taken by a patient
who will be receiving a new prescription for digoxin, the nurse
would be concerned about which medication that may interact
with the digoxin?
A. aspirin
B. acetaminophen (Tylenol)
C. furosemide (Lasix)
D. vitamin K - ANSWER->C. furosemide (Lasix); (loop Diuretics);
numerous ones on page 341
8. The nurse is reviewing discharge teaching for a patient who
will be taking digoxin (Lanoxin) therapy. The patient should be
taught to avoid which foods when taking the digoxin?
A. Leafy green vegetables
B. Dairy products
, C. Grapefruit juice
D. Bran muffins - ANSWER->D. Bran muffins
9. In assessing a patient before administration of a cardiac
glycoside, the nurse knows that which lab result can increase
the toxicity of the drug?
A. Potassium level 2.8 mEq/L
B. Potassium level 4.9 mEq/L
C. Sodium level 140 mEq/L
D. Calcium level 10 mg/dL - ANSWER->A. Potassium level 2.8
mEq/L (low potassium normal is 3.5 to 5.0)
10. The nurse administering the phosphodiesterase inhibitor
inamrinone recognizes that this drug should have a positive
inotropic effect. This effect will result in increased
A. heart rate.
B. blood vessel dilation.
C. force of cardiac contraction.
D. conduction of electrical impulses across the heart. -
ANSWER->C. force of cardiac contraction. (increase cAMP)
positive inotropic (by more calcium available in SR)effect and
vasodilation, (inodilators)---positive chornotropic effect); USED
IN ICU; ADVERSE EFFECT...thrombocytopenia, dysrhythmia,
ventricular, hypotension and angina, hypokalemia, tremor.
11. The nurse notes in a patient's medical record that nesiritide
has been ordered. Based on this order, the nurse interprets
that the patient has which disorder?
A. Atrial fibrillation
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS UPDATED
A patient about to receive his morning dose of digoxin has an
apical pulse of 70 beats per minute. What will the nurse do?
A. Administer the dose.
B. Administer the dose and notify the physician.
C. Check the radial pulse for 1 full minute.
D. Withhold the dose and notify the - ANSWER->A. Administer
the dose.
In assessing a patient before administration of a cardiac
glycoside, the nurse knows that what condition can predispose
a patient to digitalis toxicity?
A. Hypokalemia
B. Hyperkalemia
C. Hypocalcemia
D. Hypernatremia - ANSWER->A. Hypokalemia; control
ventricular response to atrial fibrillation and a derived from
foxglove. Digoxin is the only available cardiac glycoside---
positive inotropic---inhibits sodium potassium pump (adenosine
tripphophatase) Sodium and calcium rise. Cholinergic
stimulation via the vagus nerve of Parasympathetic nervous
system. ---Negative chronotropic---Negative Dromotropic effect
While assessing a patient who is receiving intravenous digitalis,
the nurse recognizes that the drug has a negative chronotropic
effect. How would this drug effect be evident in the patient?
,A. Increased heart rate
B. Decreased heart rate
C. Decreased conduction
D. Increased ectopic beats - ANSWER->B. Decreased heart rate
A patient has been taking digoxin at home but has taken an
accidental overdose and has developed toxicity. He has been
admitted to the telemetry unit where the physician has ordered
digoxin immune Fab (Digibind). The patient asks the nurse why
the medication is ordered. What is the nurse's best response?
A. "It works faster than digoxin."
B. "It is safer than digoxin and can be taken orally."
C. "It helps to convert the irregular heart rhythm to a more
normal rhythm."
D. "This drug is an antidote to digoxin and will help to lower the
blood levels." - ANSWER->D. "This drug is an antidote to digoxin
and will help to lower the blood levels." (severe bradycardia,
advanced heart block, ventricularr tachycardia, fibrillation, and
hyperkalemia); available in parental form. Clinical signs and
symptoms are monitored NOT serum levels----used for systolic
heart failure and atrial fibrillation.
5. A patient has been placed on a milrinone infusion as part of
the therapy for end-stage heart failure. What risks involved
with this drug will the nurse keep in mind while assessing this
patient during the infusion?
A. Hypertension
B. Hyperkalemia
C. Nausea and vomiting
,D. Cardiac dysrhythmias - ANSWER->D. Cardiac dysrhythmias
(contraindictated with ventricular tachycardia, and fibrillation)
used for treatment of atrial fibrillation. Available in Oral and
injection form.
6. A patient with atrial fibrillation was started on digoxin, and 1
week later a digoxin level was drawn. Which result is within
normal therapeutic levels for digoxin?
A. 0.4 ng/mL
B. 0.7 ng/mL
C. 2.1 ng/mL
D. 2.6 ng/mL or higher - ANSWER->B. 0.7 ng/mL (normal 0.5 to
2.0 ng/mL
7. When reviewing the list of medications taken by a patient
who will be receiving a new prescription for digoxin, the nurse
would be concerned about which medication that may interact
with the digoxin?
A. aspirin
B. acetaminophen (Tylenol)
C. furosemide (Lasix)
D. vitamin K - ANSWER->C. furosemide (Lasix); (loop Diuretics);
numerous ones on page 341
8. The nurse is reviewing discharge teaching for a patient who
will be taking digoxin (Lanoxin) therapy. The patient should be
taught to avoid which foods when taking the digoxin?
A. Leafy green vegetables
B. Dairy products
, C. Grapefruit juice
D. Bran muffins - ANSWER->D. Bran muffins
9. In assessing a patient before administration of a cardiac
glycoside, the nurse knows that which lab result can increase
the toxicity of the drug?
A. Potassium level 2.8 mEq/L
B. Potassium level 4.9 mEq/L
C. Sodium level 140 mEq/L
D. Calcium level 10 mg/dL - ANSWER->A. Potassium level 2.8
mEq/L (low potassium normal is 3.5 to 5.0)
10. The nurse administering the phosphodiesterase inhibitor
inamrinone recognizes that this drug should have a positive
inotropic effect. This effect will result in increased
A. heart rate.
B. blood vessel dilation.
C. force of cardiac contraction.
D. conduction of electrical impulses across the heart. -
ANSWER->C. force of cardiac contraction. (increase cAMP)
positive inotropic (by more calcium available in SR)effect and
vasodilation, (inodilators)---positive chornotropic effect); USED
IN ICU; ADVERSE EFFECT...thrombocytopenia, dysrhythmia,
ventricular, hypotension and angina, hypokalemia, tremor.
11. The nurse notes in a patient's medical record that nesiritide
has been ordered. Based on this order, the nurse interprets
that the patient has which disorder?
A. Atrial fibrillation
