WGU D514 (Latest 2025/2026 Update) Analytical Methods of Healthcare Leaders Exam Study Guide with complete solutions.

WGU D514 (Latest 2025/2026 Update) i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-




Analytical Methods of Healthcare Leaders i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-




Exam Study Guide with complete solutions.
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Integrity Research always makes some assumptions,
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depending on the type of method used. Research assumptions
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must be identified to determine possible breaches of integrity.
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Interval data Interval data includes units of equal size, such as
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IQ results. There is no zero point. An example of interval scale is
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time: Time is measured in 24 hours in each day; the time between
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each hour is the same, 60 minutes.
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Mean Mean is the arithmetic average. Divide the sum of all
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scores by the total number of scores.
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Median Median is the midpoint of the distribution of values,
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or the point above or below which 50 percent of the values fall.
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Methods section components When analyzing the quality of
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a study, a careful evaluation of the research methods can reveal
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critical details about population and sample, covariables and
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,hypothesis, data presentation, statistical analysis, and study
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limitations.


Misleading statistics Interpreting and presenting the results
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of data analysis affords many opportunities for accidental or
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deliberate misrepresentations of data. Common examples include
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implying causation, extrapolating beyond the reasonable, relying
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on a biased or incomplete sample, and using inappropriate
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graphical representations. i,-




Mode i,-i,- i,- Mode is the value that occurs most frequently in the
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data.


Multivariate regression analyses Multivariate regression
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analyses can be used to analyze and adjust risk. This analysis
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model contrasts each measured factor to the patient's risk of a
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particular outcome. i,-




Nominal data Nominal data can be measured as a frequency
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or percentage, and the mean of these data cannot be calculated.
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Nominal data in healthcare might include demographic
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information about patients. The word nominal means "pertaining
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to a name."
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,Ordinal data Ordinal data can be measured as a frequency,
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and the mean of ordinal data is often calculated. Ordinal data in
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healthcare might include patient satisfaction surveys using a
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Likert scale. The word ordinal means to "put in order."
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Parametric and nonparametric tests Parametric tests are
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based on probability distributions. Nonparametric tests are used
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when data are not normally distributed.
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Pearson's correlation Pearson's correlation is used with
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interval and ordinal scale data and determines the extent to
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which a change in one variable tends to be associated with a
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change in another. i,- i,-




Qualitative research methods Qualitative research is aimed at
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understanding perceptions, perspectives, interpretations, and i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-



opinions. Qualitative research methods often include
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questionnaires, interviews, written documents, observations, and i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-



focus groups.
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Ratio data
i,- Divide one quantity by another, and you have a
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value. You will have a proportion, a percentage or a rate.
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, ANOVA test Analysis of variance (ANOVA) may be used in
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research studies where there are two or more groups to compare.
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Chi-square tests Chi-square tests determine if an association
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exists between two categorical variables.
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Control group In a healthcare environment, this group of
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patients does not receive the treatment that is being studied.
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Experimental group This group of patients receives the i,- i,-i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,- i,-



treatment being studied with follow-up observation to determine
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the effect of the treatment.
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F-test The F-test is designed to test if two population
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variances are equal. The ratio of the two variances is compared. If
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they are equal, the ratio of the variances will be 1.
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Frequency Frequencies measure how often a particular value
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occurs to assess the importance of a value or check the variation
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of the values in a study.
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Hypothesis A proposed explanation for an observation that
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leads to a prediction. Through investigation and the use of
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statistical data, those doing the study will either confirm or reject
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