Multidimensional Care II (NUR2392)
– Rasmussen College – Final Exam
Review (2025/2026)
Section 1: Cancer Care (20 Questions)
1. Which laboratory value is most critical to monitor in a patient receiving
chemotherapy?
a) Serum glucose
b) White blood cell count
c) Creatinine clearance
d) Blood urea nitrogen
Answer: b) White blood cell count
Rationale: Chemotherapy can cause bone marrow suppression, leading to a decreased
white blood cell count (neutropenia), increasing the risk of infection, which requires close
monitoring.
2. A patient receiving chemotherapy reports nausea. What is the nurse’s priority
action?
a) Encourage a high-protein diet
b) Administer an antiemetic as prescribed
c) Monitor vital signs every 4 hours
d) Offer ginger tea
Answer: b) Administer an antiemetic as prescribed
Rationale: Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) is best managed with
prescribed antiemetics to ensure patient comfort and prevent complications like
dehydration.
3. How does radiation therapy primarily work to treat cancer?
a) Promotes cell proliferation
b) Targets and destroys cancer cells
c) Reverses tumor growth
d) Kills all rapidly dividing cells
Answer: b) Targets and destroys cancer cells
Rationale: Radiation therapy uses high-energy rays to target and destroy cancer cells
while minimizing damage to surrounding healthy tissue.
4. A patient with breast cancer is prescribed tamoxifen. What is the primary action of
this medication?
a) Inhibits estrogen receptors
b) Reduces gastric acid production
c) Enhances immune response
d) Promotes bone marrow production
Answer: a) Inhibits estrogen receptors
, Rationale: Tamoxifen is a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) used to treat
estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer by blocking estrogen’s effects on cancer cells.
5. Which complication is most associated with bone marrow suppression from
chemotherapy?
a) Hypertension
b) Infection
c) Hyperglycemia
d) Osteoporosis
Answer: b) Infection
Rationale: Bone marrow suppression reduces white blood cell production, increasing the
risk of infection due to neutropenia.
6. A patient with leukemia reports fatigue and bruising. What should the nurse assess
for?
a) Thrombocytopenia
b) Hyperkalemia
c) Hypoglycemia
d) Hypovolemia
Answer: a) Thrombocytopenia
Rationale: Fatigue and bruising in leukemia patients are indicative of thrombocytopenia
(low platelet count), a common complication due to bone marrow dysfunction.
7. What is a key teaching point for a patient receiving external radiation therapy?
a) Scrub the treatment area daily
b) Avoid sun exposure to the treatment site
c) Apply heat to reduce discomfort
d) Use adhesive tape to mark the site
Answer: b) Avoid sun exposure to the treatment site
Rationale: Sun exposure can exacerbate skin irritation in the radiation treatment area, so
patients should protect the site from sunlight.
8. A patient with pancreatic cancer is at risk for which complication?
a) Hypernatremia
b) Malnutrition
c) Polycythemia
d) Hyperkalemia
Answer: b) Malnutrition
Rationale: Pancreatic cancer can impair digestion and absorption, leading to malnutrition
due to decreased pancreatic enzyme production.
9. Which symptom indicates tumor lysis syndrome in a patient receiving
chemotherapy?
a) Hyperuricemia
b) Hypotension
c) Bradycardia
d) Hypocalcemia
Answer: a) Hyperuricemia
Rationale: Tumor lysis syndrome results from rapid cancer cell breakdown, releasing
uric acid, leading to hyperuricemia, which can cause renal damage.
, 10. What is the nurse’s priority when caring for a patient with neutropenia?
a) Encourage a high-fiber diet
b) Implement infection prevention measures
c) Administer diuretics
d) Monitor blood glucose levels
Answer: b) Implement infection prevention measures
Rationale: Neutropenia increases infection risk, so strict infection prevention (e.g., hand
hygiene, avoiding sick contacts) is critical.
11. A patient with colon cancer should adhere to which screening recommendation?
a) Annual chest X-ray
b) Baseline colonoscopy
c) Monthly blood tests
d) Daily blood pressure checks
Answer: b) Baseline colonoscopy
Rationale: Regular colonoscopies are recommended for early detection and monitoring
in patients with a history of colon cancer.
12. What is the primary goal of palliative care for a patient with terminal cancer?
a) Cure the disease
b) Improve quality of life
c) Prolong life expectancy
d) Prevent metastasis
Answer: b) Improve quality of life
Rationale: Palliative care focuses on symptom management and improving quality of life
for patients with terminal illnesses, not curing the disease.
13. A patient with lung cancer reports dyspnea. What is the nurse’s first action?
a) Administer oxygen as prescribed
b) Encourage deep breathing exercises
c) Place the patient in a supine position
d) Administer a bronchodilator
Answer: a) Administer oxygen as prescribed
Rationale: Dyspnea in lung cancer patients requires immediate oxygen administration to
improve oxygenation, as prescribed.
14. Which medication is commonly used to manage chemotherapy-induced nausea?
a) Metoclopramide
b) Omeprazole
c) Furosemide
d) Insulin
Answer: a) Metoclopramide
Rationale: Metoclopramide is an antiemetic commonly used to manage chemotherapy-
induced nausea and vomiting.
15. A patient with lymphoma has a central venous catheter. What is a key nursing
intervention?
a) Flush with saline only
b) Monitor for signs of infection
c) Change the dressing weekly
d) Avoid heparin flushes
– Rasmussen College – Final Exam
Review (2025/2026)
Section 1: Cancer Care (20 Questions)
1. Which laboratory value is most critical to monitor in a patient receiving
chemotherapy?
a) Serum glucose
b) White blood cell count
c) Creatinine clearance
d) Blood urea nitrogen
Answer: b) White blood cell count
Rationale: Chemotherapy can cause bone marrow suppression, leading to a decreased
white blood cell count (neutropenia), increasing the risk of infection, which requires close
monitoring.
2. A patient receiving chemotherapy reports nausea. What is the nurse’s priority
action?
a) Encourage a high-protein diet
b) Administer an antiemetic as prescribed
c) Monitor vital signs every 4 hours
d) Offer ginger tea
Answer: b) Administer an antiemetic as prescribed
Rationale: Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) is best managed with
prescribed antiemetics to ensure patient comfort and prevent complications like
dehydration.
3. How does radiation therapy primarily work to treat cancer?
a) Promotes cell proliferation
b) Targets and destroys cancer cells
c) Reverses tumor growth
d) Kills all rapidly dividing cells
Answer: b) Targets and destroys cancer cells
Rationale: Radiation therapy uses high-energy rays to target and destroy cancer cells
while minimizing damage to surrounding healthy tissue.
4. A patient with breast cancer is prescribed tamoxifen. What is the primary action of
this medication?
a) Inhibits estrogen receptors
b) Reduces gastric acid production
c) Enhances immune response
d) Promotes bone marrow production
Answer: a) Inhibits estrogen receptors
, Rationale: Tamoxifen is a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) used to treat
estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer by blocking estrogen’s effects on cancer cells.
5. Which complication is most associated with bone marrow suppression from
chemotherapy?
a) Hypertension
b) Infection
c) Hyperglycemia
d) Osteoporosis
Answer: b) Infection
Rationale: Bone marrow suppression reduces white blood cell production, increasing the
risk of infection due to neutropenia.
6. A patient with leukemia reports fatigue and bruising. What should the nurse assess
for?
a) Thrombocytopenia
b) Hyperkalemia
c) Hypoglycemia
d) Hypovolemia
Answer: a) Thrombocytopenia
Rationale: Fatigue and bruising in leukemia patients are indicative of thrombocytopenia
(low platelet count), a common complication due to bone marrow dysfunction.
7. What is a key teaching point for a patient receiving external radiation therapy?
a) Scrub the treatment area daily
b) Avoid sun exposure to the treatment site
c) Apply heat to reduce discomfort
d) Use adhesive tape to mark the site
Answer: b) Avoid sun exposure to the treatment site
Rationale: Sun exposure can exacerbate skin irritation in the radiation treatment area, so
patients should protect the site from sunlight.
8. A patient with pancreatic cancer is at risk for which complication?
a) Hypernatremia
b) Malnutrition
c) Polycythemia
d) Hyperkalemia
Answer: b) Malnutrition
Rationale: Pancreatic cancer can impair digestion and absorption, leading to malnutrition
due to decreased pancreatic enzyme production.
9. Which symptom indicates tumor lysis syndrome in a patient receiving
chemotherapy?
a) Hyperuricemia
b) Hypotension
c) Bradycardia
d) Hypocalcemia
Answer: a) Hyperuricemia
Rationale: Tumor lysis syndrome results from rapid cancer cell breakdown, releasing
uric acid, leading to hyperuricemia, which can cause renal damage.
, 10. What is the nurse’s priority when caring for a patient with neutropenia?
a) Encourage a high-fiber diet
b) Implement infection prevention measures
c) Administer diuretics
d) Monitor blood glucose levels
Answer: b) Implement infection prevention measures
Rationale: Neutropenia increases infection risk, so strict infection prevention (e.g., hand
hygiene, avoiding sick contacts) is critical.
11. A patient with colon cancer should adhere to which screening recommendation?
a) Annual chest X-ray
b) Baseline colonoscopy
c) Monthly blood tests
d) Daily blood pressure checks
Answer: b) Baseline colonoscopy
Rationale: Regular colonoscopies are recommended for early detection and monitoring
in patients with a history of colon cancer.
12. What is the primary goal of palliative care for a patient with terminal cancer?
a) Cure the disease
b) Improve quality of life
c) Prolong life expectancy
d) Prevent metastasis
Answer: b) Improve quality of life
Rationale: Palliative care focuses on symptom management and improving quality of life
for patients with terminal illnesses, not curing the disease.
13. A patient with lung cancer reports dyspnea. What is the nurse’s first action?
a) Administer oxygen as prescribed
b) Encourage deep breathing exercises
c) Place the patient in a supine position
d) Administer a bronchodilator
Answer: a) Administer oxygen as prescribed
Rationale: Dyspnea in lung cancer patients requires immediate oxygen administration to
improve oxygenation, as prescribed.
14. Which medication is commonly used to manage chemotherapy-induced nausea?
a) Metoclopramide
b) Omeprazole
c) Furosemide
d) Insulin
Answer: a) Metoclopramide
Rationale: Metoclopramide is an antiemetic commonly used to manage chemotherapy-
induced nausea and vomiting.
15. A patient with lymphoma has a central venous catheter. What is a key nursing
intervention?
a) Flush with saline only
b) Monitor for signs of infection
c) Change the dressing weekly
d) Avoid heparin flushes
